Today's increasingly powerful motherland has undergone a long transformation in modern history, and in the face of changes in the world situation, the tigers of the great powers have finally determined the path of the Banner of Marxism after nearly a hundred years.
As a result, a large number of young people with communist ideals sprung up like mushrooms in the land of China, and the new China was brought about by their conviction and blood.
In 1955, Chairman Mao conferred titles on the soldiers, and at a meeting to discuss the list of awards, when Mr. Peng read about a general who had been sacrificed for more than twenty years, Chairman Mao was unusual, silent and tearful, and the meeting was interrupted. This general was the martyr Duan Dechang.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="5" >. Nanzhou gentleman, the teenager has light</h1>
In 1904, it was August in the south, the weather was warm, the summer was in full swing, and Duan Dechang was born in Jiudu Mountain, Nanzhou, Hunan Province, which is now the rocket village of Nanzhou Town. After his birth, his family named him Dechang, placing great hopes on his personal virtue and a vision of national prosperity.
Duan's father was one of the new intellectuals who went to Japan to study. He embraced the new wave of Western ideas, hated the decadent feudal etiquette, and hoped for the rise of the country. Father Duan was well aware of the importance of reading, so he paid special attention to Duan Dechang's education, and taught him by example to cultivate him with virtue.
Therefore, Duan Dechang received advanced ideological education from an early age, and when he was seven years old, his family sent him to a private school to study, and later transferred to primary school. Duan Dechang was talented and intelligent, he was able to recite poetry at the age of ten, and he was quite talented and courageous at a young age. As a child, he was well-known in the local area, and was even named "Little Genius".
Gradually, the child who loved to read had grown into a personable Nanzhou teenager, and the books he had read had given him a warm and jade temperament. Duan Dechang looked beautiful, and a firmness was revealed between his eyebrows.
In 1921, Chairman Mao came to Anxiang as a provincial inspector to investigate education. Yan Shijie, who was a local inspector at the time, had only been in office for two months, and in the face of the inspection of his superiors, every sentence in his words was humble, saying that he had not long been in office and did not know much about the local area. Chairman Mao asked the reason, so he learned about Duan Dechang from Yan Shijie's mouth.
Yan Shijie's haste to take office is mostly because the previous inspector was corrupt and self-sufficient, and the students often had difficulty satisfying their stomachs and ate food that lacked nutrition. Duan Dechang was indignant at such a corrupt official, so he led the students to strike and started a series of protests.
In order to quell the farce and reduce the impact, both sides were punished. The former supervisor Xuede was not worthy of the position and should be punished, and Duan Dechang took the lead in making trouble and should be punished, so both of them were ordered by their superiors to play fifty boards each, the former inspector was dismissed, and Duan Dechang was punished with a warning.
After learning about Duan Dechang's deeds, Chairman Mao was quite curious and appreciative of this young man who had courage, strategy, and courage to take responsibility. During Chairman Mao's inspection, Duan Dechang was returning to his hometown to take care of his father, who was bedridden, and the county persuasion office informed Duan Dechang that a leader wanted to see him, and he hurried back to the school from home.
That was the first time Duan Dechang met Chairman Mao, and two aspirants with the same revolutionary ideals saw each other at first sight and formed a deep friendship. They talked very happily, from family to education, from education to the new social trends of thought at that time... Seventeen-year-old Duan Dechang saw a wider world in his conversation with Chairman Mao, no longer confined to the small land of Nanzhou.
Chairman Mao thought that Duan Dechang would certainly make a great difference if he embarked on the revolutionary road, so he suggested that he go to Changsha to study, so that while learning knowledge, he would be able to participate in revolutionary activities more conveniently. Duan Dechang accepted this suggestion without hesitation, thinking that his ideal ambitions finally had a chance to be realized.
After graduating from primary school, Duan Dechang was admitted to Jacobs Middle School with excellent results and came to Changsha as he wished. During his studies in Changsha, Duan Dechang and Chairman Mao kept in touch. In addition, he met more like-minded partners with him, who often discussed revolutionary ideas together, and the light in the eyes of the young people became brighter and their inner convictions became stronger.
Duan Dechang co-founded the Marxism Study Group with these young people, and he was exposed to a large number of advanced ideas and advanced books, and they studied Marxist works together. Duan Dechang achieved rapid growth in his thinking, and the enthusiasm for revolution in his heart was constantly rising.
In 1923, Duan's father, who was originally plagued by diseases, became ill and had reached the situation that medicine stones were difficult to treat, and he died not long after. The death of his father made Duan Dechang heartbroken, and the family lost direct income, the family's income plummeted, and even the livelihood was difficult to maintain.
In desperation, Duan Dechang had to interrupt his studies and return to his hometown. Duan Dechang was not devastated by the changes in his family, he found his childhood friend He Changgong, and the two of them founded a school in Huarong Nanshan, named Xinhua Middle School. Duan Dechang taught the students to learn English, and at the same time, he also taught them advanced ideas, just as his father influenced himself to influence the children.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="56">2. Revolutionary youth, military wizards</h1>
Duan Dechang always kept in mind what kind of mission and responsibility he had on his shoulders. When the great revolution in the country was raging, he chose to temporarily abandon his educational work and gloriously became a member of the Communist Party of China at the age of twenty-one.
Under Chairman Mao's arrangement, Duan Dechang successfully entered the Whampoa Military Academy for further study. During his studies at the Whampoa Military Academy, he learned many military theories, laying the foundation for his outstanding military talents. Because of his excellent grades and outstanding performance, he was quickly reused in school, and later took on corresponding work in the political department of the First Division of the Eighth Army of the National Revolutionary Army.
Regrettably, after the death of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, Chiang Kai-shek was in power in the Kuomintang, and he targeted the CCP at every turn, trying to undermine the cooperative relationship between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. After the Zhongshan incident, he took the opportunity to eliminate the Communists from the Kuomintang army. Duan Dechang was expelled from the Whampoa Military Academy.
Duan Dechang came to the place where Chairman Mao was located, met with him again, and reunited after a long absence, and the two embraced warmly without the slightest difference. Duan Dechang joined the central political workshop founded by Chairman Mao and others and became Chairman Mao's proud protégé and precious confidant.
Duan Dechang learned more knowledge from the workshop and had a deeper understanding of the revolutionary road. After the workshop, he continued to devote himself to the revolutionary cause and participated in the mighty Northern Expedition with the National Revolutionary Army. He has courage and strategy, quick thinking, whether on the battlefield or in the masses, he has excellent performance, and has been praised by the CCP many times.
Helplessly, in 1927, Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Jingwei launched a counter-revolutionary coup, the first Kuomintang-Communist cooperation was completely broken, and the National Revolution ended in failure. Faced with the danger of the fate of the revolutionary cause, the CPC convened the Eighty-Seven Conference and reformulated the general policy of agrarian revolution and armed struggle.
Duan Dechang received orders from the central authorities to go to the western Hubei region to carry out armed struggle. At that time, Duan Dechang was well aware of revolutionary theory and accumulated certain experience in the revolution. If the revolution at that time is likened to a piece of farmland that needs to be cultivated, then Duan Dechang in the past was a learner and a helper who observed the cultivation of other farmers.
Duan Dechang, who came to the western Hubei region, had his own "land" and planted his own revolutionary fruits. The first fruitful result was the successful leadership of the Nianguan rebellion in Gong'an County, where the local landlords and bureaucrats who were full of evil and oppressed the people were overthrown, and the peasants thus obtained their own land and became their own masters.
This insurrection laid the foundation for the establishment of revolutionary base areas, and also made Duan Dechang deeply understand that the peasants are a powerful force and that their support is indispensable for the revolutionary cause. So he took root in the land of western Hubei and ignited the flame of revolution.
The local agrarian revolution was in full swing, and the peasants, under the leadership of Duan Dechang, were armed and waged guerrilla struggles. In many guerrilla battles, Duan Dechang summed up the operational essence of "the enemy comes and we fly, the enemy goes to us, the enemy runs when the enemy is more, and the enemy is less than the enemy.", which coincides with chairman Mao's guerrilla tactics on the other side of the world.
During this period, Duan Dechang and Peng Dehuai met. Compared with Peng Dehuai, who was still confused about the revolutionary road, Duan Dechang had a very clear understanding of the path he chose and the ideal he pursued. Duan Dechang became a beacon on Peng Dehuai's revolutionary road.
Duan Dechang and Peng Dehuai once had a long all-night conversation, and his profound views on the revolution dispelled the fog of President Peng on the revolutionary road. Later, Mr. Peng joined the Communist Party of China through the recommendation of Duan Dechang. Until his later years, Mr. Peng deeply admired Duan Dechang, a good friend and Bole.
Duan Dechang quickly established the foundation of the revolutionary base area, and then joined forces with Zhou Yiqun and He Long, and the three of them jointly established a foothold in the western Hubei region, established the Honghu Lake revolutionary base area, and jointly led the Red Army to expand its power.
In 1930, in response to Chiang Kai-shek's frenzied encirclement and suppression of the Red Army, Duan Dechang proposed to the central authorities the strategic idea of consolidating the Soviet zone. He judged that most of the Soviet areas were located in mountain villages with prominent terrain, which were easy to defend and difficult to attack, and that strengthening the Soviet area could effectively deal with the encirclement and suppression of the Kuomintang.
Unfortunately, at that time, the central authorities pursued left-leaning ideas and ruthlessly rejected Duan Dechang's proposal. In response to the Kuomintang encirclement and suppression, the strength of the New Soviet Area was relatively weak, and as a result, Duan Dechang was unable to defend the New Soviet District and the Honghu Base Area they had personally established, even if they tried their best.
After the idea of returning to Honghu Lake to rebuild the base area was rejected by the central authorities, he did not feel discouraged, but during his tenure as the commander-in-chief of the Red Guard, he gathered the old Red Army to re-establish an army and responded with ease to the encirclement and suppression of the Kuomintang.
During the third period of anti-encirclement and suppression, Duan Dechang combined mobile warfare and guerrilla warfare to achieve great victories. Almost invincible, he was given the nickname "General of Constant Victory".
But things are unpredictable. In the fourth anti-encirclement and suppression campaign, our army temporarily lost, and the main force had to withdraw from the Honghu Su area. Duan Dechang was ordered to fight across provinces, undertake arduous tasks such as blocking and breaking the attack, and through a bloody battle with the enemy, successfully protected our army's revolutionary base area on the border of Xiang'e and Hubei, and made outstanding military achievements.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="57">3. The fall of the superstar, the pain of Huaxia</h1>
Duan Dechang was a talented new young man who was devoted to the country and was gifted, and should have continued to shine his light on the road of Marxist revolution, but at the brightest moment of the stars, he fell precipitously in the sky of China.
Duan Dechang's sacrifice is greatly related to Xia Xi. Xia Xi was a left-leaning opportunist, and as secretary of the Xiang'e West Branch of the CPC Central Committee at the time, he did not give correct instructions in the face of the Crisis situation of the Red Army, and exaggerated the anti-rebellion movement in the army, resulting in the innocent sacrifice of many revolutionary fighters, including Duan Dechang.
Duan Dechang was well aware of the dangers of left-leaning thought, and publicly criticized Xia Xi for exaggerating the purge movement and had heated discussions with Xia Xi. Xia Xi stubbornly believed that he was removing the tumor for the party, not only did he not realize his mistake, but because Duan Dechang made him lose face in public, duan Dechang was included in his scope of repression.
In early 1933, Duan Dechang led the Red Ninth Army to complete the task of annihilating the enemy army on the border of Sichuan, Xiang'e, and returned to Jinguoping in Padang after ensuring safety, and what should have been a happy moment of victory was ruthlessly arrested by Xia Xi.
Xia Xi insisted on charging Duan Dechang with the reorganization faction. The reorganization faction was a small group of the Wang Jingwei faction within the Kuomintang, and Duan Dechang obviously had nothing to do with the regroupment faction, which was obviously a crime against his desires. Ignoring the resolute opposition of other comrades, Xia Xi insisted on killing Duan Dechang. As a political commissar, Xia Xi had the final say, and Duan Dechang was eventually sentenced to death.
Duan Dechang foresaw the end of his life, even so, he still did not have the slightest fear, these years of conquest of the battlefield he has already handed over his life to the country. Duan Dechang only regretted that this day came too early, he was only twenty-nine years old, which was the most enthusiastic age for young people, and he still had time to make more contributions to the revolution and did not have the opportunity to see the victory of the revolution.
Duan Dechang's heart is full of the motherland, the revolution and the people. Before the execution, he proposed that he did not need to be shot, he could use a knife, and he wanted to save a bullet for the revolutionary war and kill one more enemy.
General He Long's heart was full of sorrow, the military orders were like mountains, and he was equally helpless. Duan Dechang loves to eat tamales the most, the layers of aroma in the tamales are his warm memories of home, He Long tearfully brought him a bowl of hot tamales before Duan Dechang was tortured, Duan Dechang ate the tamales and bid farewell to the world forever. A shining star falls forever.
General He Long wept bitterly, and the soldiers who watched Duan Dechang's execution followed He Long and wept together. The bad news of Duan Dechang's sacrifice reached Chairman Mao, who wept bitterly and shouted Dechang's name in his mouth. It is difficult to predict life and death on the battlefield, but it is really difficult to be unjustly killed at the hands of colleagues.
Duan Dechang left, and the revolution continued. After the incomparably difficult War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation, countless soldiers used their own blood to support the fate of New China. On October 1, 1949, the five-star red flag flew high in Tiananmen Square, which was a day that excited countless Chinese, and we Chinese people finally stood tall in the east of the world.
In 1952, Chairman Mao personally issued Duan Dechang with the No. 1 Martyrs' Certificate of the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China, ranking him first among all martyrs, and in Chairman Mao's heart, Duan Dechang was an irreplaceable national hero.
In 1955, china held the first public award ceremony, and at the meeting to discuss the award ceremony, when Peng De remembered Duan Dechang's name, Chairman Mao had tears in his eyes and could not speak for a long time. The proceedings of the Conference were therefore affected and had to be suspended temporarily.
Unconsciously, Duan Dechang has been gone for 22 years, and the memory of Duan Dechang is like yesterday in Chairman Mao's mind.
In memory, Duan Dechang is still the spirited Nanzhou teenager, they have common revolutionary ideals and pursuits, and they are rare acquaintances with each other. Chairman Mao's description of Duan Dechang as "in a chaotic world, it is difficult to find a confidant, and once you meet a confidant, you regret it all your life."
Chairman Mao's mind echoed the sonorous words of the teenager, and the picture was of Duan Dechang smiling at him. When I think of this, I can't help but burst into tears.
Years later, traces of the war in China have long since faded, and the memories remain as good as ever. In Yiyang, Hunan Province, walk through a red gate into Dechang Park, where Duan Dechang's statue sits in the middle of the park. There are mountains and rivers, trees and trees, and there is a sense of tranquility and peace. His story is there, and there are historical memories about him that are constantly remembered.