Tangled branches honeysuckle pattern gold sachet Liao
Honeysuckle Photo: @Visual China
Honeysuckle bottle North and South Dynasties
Honeysuckle pattern pillow gold
Auspicious ornament series
Honeysuckle has always been regarded as a medicine in ancient times, and its flowers have not been valued. It was not until modern times that it ranked among the four major vines and flowers. Because the honeysuckle does not wither and the smell is fragrant, the Qing people Wang Fuzhi praised it as "no shame Gao Shi rhyme, relying on the smell of dark incense".
Text, picture (except for the signature) / Guangzhou Daily all-media reporter Zhong Kui
Honeysuckle is honeysuckle
Wisteria, Lingxiao, honeysuckle, grapes these four kinds of climbing plants, in the traditional garden flowers and trees known as vine four pins, also known as the four vine flowers, of which wisteria, Lingxiao, grapes have a high reputation, and by the generations of literati and inkers favored. Only honeysuckle is not very famous, and it seems to be only a foil in the four products of vines.
However, although many people do not know what honeysuckle is, when it comes to honeysuckle, almost everyone knows it. In fact, honeysuckle is honeysuckle, honeysuckle is honeysuckle, honeysuckle is the proper name, honeysuckle is an alias. Strictly speaking, honeysuckle was the earliest medicinal name of honeysuckle, and before the Song Dynasty, there was no name for honeysuckle.
The earliest record of honeysuckle is the ancient medical book. Now some people on the Internet have misreported that the earliest source of honeysuckle medicine is the "Shennong Materia Medica" of the Han Dynasty. In fact, it is not, the "Shennong Materia Medica" does not include honeysuckle, and the "honeysuckle" that appears in the Shennong Materia Medica is only an alias for Mai Mendong. Some people also say that honeysuckle was first seen in the "Famous Doctors' Catalogue" of Tao Hongjing of the Liang Dynasty of the Southern and Northern Dynasties, which is also a misinformation. The earliest mention of the name honeysuckle is Ge Hong's "Elbow Reserve Emergency Formula" of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, which has two prescriptions for honeysuckle. One is "cure the five corpses of the stroke": "Honeysuckle stems and leaves, file a few axes, cook them to make the order thick, take the juice and fry them, serve like a chicken, two or three times a day, jiaye." The other is "the cure for weakness and weakness": "bitter ginseng, huanglian, calamus, psyllium, honeysuckle, and goji berries are one liter each." Pound, honey pills such as Wuzi large, take ten pills, three times a day. More than a hundred years later, the "Famous Doctors' Records" and the "Shennong Materia Medica Collection" recorded the medicinal properties of honeysuckle, and both books were cloudy: "Honeysuckle, sweet taste, warm, non-toxic." The main cold warm-up is swollen. Long service light body, long life. Harvested in December, dried in the shade. ”
It can be seen that the ancients initially only valued the medicinal value of honeysuckle, and only used its stems and leaves to enter the medicine, not its flowers. Honeysuckle is planted for medicinal purposes, not ornamental. As for why this climbing plant is called "honeysuckle," the Shennong Materia Medica Commentary explains: "Lingdong does not wither, so it is called honeysuckle." Chen Jiamu's "Materia Medica" of the Ming Dynasty also said: "Honeysuckle, Lingdong does not wither, and the name is derived from this." Apparently, because this plant is a perennial semi-evergreen shrub that can withstand the cold of winter without withering, ancient physicians named it "honeysuckle" in order to highlight its strong hardiness. In addition, there are medical books that call it "ninja grass" and "winter-resistant".
The name "Honeysuckle"
Related to Su Dongpo
It is precisely because the ancients ignored the ornamental nature of honeysuckle, so although it has a long history of cultivation, it has not attracted the attention of literati and inkers, and there are few works describing honeysuckle in the past. In the poems of the Tang and Song Dynasties, "honeysuckle" is used as a poem, and only the poem "Yu Hang" of the Song Dynasty Fan Chengda can be seen. After Fan Cheng's reign, he lived in seclusion in Shihu, and later called Shihu a resident, and this poem should be his later work. Its poem yun: "Spring Festival Gala mountain flowers are quiet, from teaching red and purple to send Shaoguang." Honeysuckle is full of roses, and thousands of villages are filled with incense. "In the poem, it is described that in the late spring, the mountain flowers have withered one after another, and they have bid farewell to spring in turn. At this time, honeysuckle and roses bloomed, honeysuckle flowers were fragrant, rose flowers were fragrant, and lavender filled thousands of villages in the mountains. This idyllic poem is beautiful, and the author uses honeysuckle and roses as metaphors, showing an extremely peaceful and leisurely state of mind.
Although su Dongpo, a great literary hero, did not write poems with honeysuckle as the theme, the name "honeysuckle" was related to him. The literati and scholars of the Song Dynasty liked to compile medical works, and Su Dongpo also compiled a copy of "Su Xueshi Fang". Later generations co-edited and published this Fang Book with Shen Kuo's "Good Recipe", called "Su Shen Liang Fang". In the "Cure for Carbuncles" of "Su Shen Liang Fang", the name of "honeysuckle" appears for the first time: "Honeysuckle seedlings are held in one hand, and licorice is half two, raw." On, honeysuckle rotten, with licorice into a wine half a sand bottle, plug the mouth, cook two meals, serve warm. In Jiangxi, there are doctors and monks who are good at treating back gangrene. Get its way, use the old man's whiskers, Yu is quite mysterious. Ten years later, after passing through Jinling, Wang Qi, a physician, was also good at curing his defects, and his formula used poplar vines to seek to see it, and it was the old Man Suye. For several more years, the friend Prince Yuan said to himself that he had obtained the Divine Formula, tasted several people alive, and used the Big Lotus. And after the calendar sun, Du Healer cures the disease... With a thousand gold vines. Passing through Xuanzhou, Prince Ning Guowei refuted one side and used honeysuckle. Liu Chunchen, a Haizhou scholar, passed on one side and used gold noodles. These numbers are all self-divine, and the grass is regarded as a tree, and the cover is also a thing. Yu took the "Materia Medica" to examine it, which is honeysuckle. ”
Su Dongpo and Shen Kuo not only mentioned the name of "honeysuckle" for the first time, but also listed many other aliases of honeysuckle, so that readers can understand that the gods of the rivers and lakes are actually honeysuckle. At the same time, "Su Shen Liangfang" also explains some aliases of honeysuckle: "Honeysuckle ... Blooms in April, very fragrant and lovely, like jasmine. The first color is white, and it turns yellow in a few days, and each yellow and white is alternate, so a honeysuckle. The flowers bloom and the stems are like silk, so an old man has whiskers and a gold noodle. In winter, the leaves are round and thick, resembling a coix, so it is a large coix. ”
The honeysuckle pattern has the meaning of "many blessings and many lives"
In addition to the aliases mentioned in "Su Shen Liang Fang", Honeysuckle also has many different names. Because honeysuckle is a vine plant, when its vine climbs to the tree, the vine is more left entangled, so it is also known as "left entanglement vine" and "left turn vine". When honeysuckle blooms, it is shaped like a heron, so it is also called "heron flower". Its yellow and white flowers bloom in pairs, and resemble the dance of Mandarin ducks, so it is also known as "Mandarin Duck Vine" and "Mandarin Duck Grass". Because each of its two flowers grows at the top of a total peduncle, it is also known as "double flower", "two flowers", "two treasure flowers" and so on. Honeysuckle flowers after the smell is fragrant, its fragrance is clear, so it is also known as "five incense", "honey poplar vine", "sweet vine" and so on.
Calling honeysuckle "honeysuckle", some people think it is very tacky, and even think that the natural state of things is the same as the human world, there are cold, warm and cold. For example, the Qing dynasty Cai Chun has a poem: "Gold and silver earn all the world's busy, and the flowers and hair are full of gold and silver." The bees and butterflies have formed in groups, and they know that the state of the matter is also hot and cold. "Of course, there are also people who think it is beautiful and think that it is a miracle of nature. For example, the Qing dynasty Xiao Daoguan has a poem: "The dream of the incense is hurried, and the flowers scatter the heavenly women fade purple and red." Natural gold and jade embrace the strange appearance, splendid embroidery shines xie chemical. "The Qing dynasty Wang Fuzhi has a high opinion of honeysuckle, believing that it has the style of a high priest. His "Golden Nobile Stock" poem Cloud: "Golden Tiger Fetal Contains Vegetarian, Huang Yinrui Izumo." Jagged and random dyeing, one shade of incense. The fog is difficult to tidy up, and the smoke is not divided. No shame Gao Shi rhymes, relying on the smell of dark incense. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Chen Zengshou also had a poem praising honeysuckle: "Thinning the hedges and green vines and jade, and the fragrance after the rain is transparent." The heart of the solo heart is exhausted in March, and the honeysuckle should call the ninja spring flower. ”
Honeysuckle is not a famous flower in ancient times, it was included in the four major vine flowers, also after the Ming and Qing dynasties, so ancient painters rarely painted it. Nevertheless, the image of honeysuckle still appears in other crafts. From the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, honeysuckle patterns based on honeysuckle appeared on the decorative stage of crafts. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, it was even more popular. At this time, the honeysuckle pattern is relatively thin and stylized, generally a pattern of three leaves and multiple leaves alternately on both sides of the wavy stem, and later it is varied. In the Tang Dynasty, it evolved into more complex curly grass patterns. Scholars generally believe that honeysuckle patterns may have originated in Greece, or they may have been born from the "tree of life" ornaments from West and Central Asia. Honeysuckle branches and leaves are entangled, the vitality is extremely strong, and lingdong does not wither. The honeysuckle pattern extracted according to its plant form is taken from its meaning of "long service and light body, long life", and the auspicious meaning of how blessed and long-lived.