In the War of Liberation, the four field armies, to discuss who is the fiercest, the northeast four wilderness deserve it!
This army went from only 100,000 people just out of the customs, but it was able to fight more and more courageously, fight four battles and four peaces, sweep through Liaoshen, and go all the way south, expanding the army while fighting, and fighting from the northeast to Hainan, growing to millions of people.
In the spring of 1949, Dongye's million-strong army vigorously drove into North China from outside guanwai, carrying more than 9,000 artillery pieces and more than 200 tank armored vehicles. At this time, the strength of the East Field army far exceeded that of the other three major field armies, and was hailed as a miracle in the history of military expansion!
The People's Liberation Army entered the customs
So, how did Higashino grow to such a large scale?
So much so that it created a "miracle of army expansion" in the history of the people's army?
< h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > million troops? Stability again</h1>
In 1945, after the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Liu Shaoqi consulted with Chairman Mao and put forward the strategic principle of "developing to the north and defending to the south." To put it bluntly, our army firmly holds the three major liberated areas of North China, East China, and Central China, because the land here is vast, the resources are abundant, and there are many heavy industrial production machines in the anti-Japanese period, as long as the North can be stabilized, the Kuomintang will be defeated sooner or later.
People who like history know that a stable and reliable strategic base area is the fundamental factor for the growth of Dongye, and the primary factor in determining whether a field force can grow or not lies in the leadership and organizational decision-making.
Mobilize the masses
(At that time, it was called the Northeast People's Autonomous Army, developed into the Northeast Democratic United Army, and the Northeast Field Army.
In October 1945, Lin Biao parachuted into the northeast, and he had spent the previous seven years studying military theory in the Soviet Union, but his actual combat ability had not improved, and there was also a serious "focus doctrine", which basically ignored things other than fighting. He believes that fighting wars is the business of commanders, and political commissars are responsible for military discipline and life planning.
But in fact, he was also a light rod commander, and when he first left the customs, the central government allocated 20,000 cadres and 100,000 elite troops to Dongye, but the infantry weapons, mortars, and grenadiers added up to more than a hundred, and there were no cannons.
At that time, Chiang Kai-shek had not yet torn his face, and the equipment almost did not matter, but fortunately, Luo Ronghuan led more than 60,000 troops and drew 70,000 people from the liberated areas of the country to solve the urgent need to ignite the eyebrows. However, these people were all from different regions, and the management task was very cumbersome, and it was also an important task for Luo Ronghuan to integrate these scattered troops into one.
Because of the lack of care in the war, Peng Zhen was also mainly responsible for the affairs of the Northeast War Bureau, and tasks such as army expansion management would not be taken care of, and only Luo Ronghuan was the best person to undertake this task.
Luo Ronghuan's youth
To gossip, in a battle in 1930, the Red Army troops were raided by the enemy, resulting in many supplies and prisoners of war being taken by the enemy. Later, at a military meeting, the current commander did not say a word, and Luo Ronghuan took the initiative to take responsibility, resulting in his dismissal, because the two also had a very unpleasant quarrel.
However, in today's liberation battlefield, Luo Ronghuan showed great generosity in order to take the overall situation into consideration, and he selflessly assigned the elite cadres he had trained, such as Li Zuopeng, Wan Yi, and others, as well as many troops of the Shandong Military Region, to Dongye, and it was after this that these fighters became the backbone of the Northeast Democratic United Army, and Dongye also gained a firm foothold in the northeast. Similarly, Luo Ronghuan also firmly maintained the commander's plan and moved forward for the liberation of the whole country.
< h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > million troops? Fifty out</h1>
In 1946, the kuomintang and the communist party officially launched a contest, the People's Liberation Army was still the same as before, and it was so poor that it clanged, while the nationalist army successively mobilized the new first, sixth, thirteenth and other elite troops into the northeast, most of which were American-style ordnance, and our army fought very hard.
In the second half of 1946, Luo Ronghuan had no choice but to temporarily leave the battlefield and go to Moscow to remove the tumor on his kidney.
In the protracted revolutionary struggle, Dongye did not have the luxury of the Nationalist army, and could only adopt the tactic of "fighting while retreating", running around and passing through all parts of Shandong, and every time he went to a place, Luo Ronghuan would go deep into the grass-roots level and visit the homes of the masses to visit the poor and ask questions.
His job is mass building, as well as ideological and political education, he likes to deal with grass-roots soldiers, from Jinggangshan to the Long March, he will camp with the soldiers, talk about the world, tell jokes, more often he will give grain to the wounded, and then endure hunger and cold alone, during that difficult period, he did not have to be careful, sincere care, and boost the morale of the soldiers.
And now, with the constant wars and disputes, and the people of the northeast are not happy, Luo Ronghuan still firmly chooses to start from the grassroots! This is not only the call of the Party Central Committee, but also the most correct path in his opinion!
In the northeast liberation battlefield, Luo Ronghuan knew very well that the main source of troops for the expansion of the army was the masses, as well as the "laborers" and prisoners of war who were captured by the nationalist army and the Japanese Kou, who were homeless and blind in life, and were the backbone of the country's needs!
land reform
After clarifying the goal, Luo Ronghuan successively launched a soldier's "grievance campaign" in the army, that is, to let the masses see the crimes of the nationalist army and the sadness of the war. During this period, in combination with the education of land reform, he appealed to the masses: The vast number of peasants are the masters of the land!
Moreover, Luo Ronghuan chose Fang Tianjing, Ren Jizhen, and the captured "Luo Yuxiang", these fighters who had a deep hatred for the war, told the masses about the sad experience of enlistment.
The soldiers said: "I am a soldier and fight for the country, but now, the Kuomintang army has forgotten ben, forgotten the suffering of the ancestors and parents, and forgotten the suffering of the poor in the world"!
And in the end, they will say: "We will sacrifice our lives for the country and follow the Communist Party to make a revolution, so that we can save tens of millions of fathers and elders, and a complete country"!
Grievance movement
These concise and clear words are to let the Kuomintang see our will, and we want to fight for liberation and the people!
At that time, Luo Ronghuan always personally went into battle, telling everyone about the course of the revolution, leading the masses to enthusiastically join the army, at the end of 1947, the strength of the East Field army suddenly increased from more than 100,000 to 420,000, an increase of nearly 300%!
This is the source of the "miracle of army expansion" in history, and since then, Luo Ronghuan has submitted this experience to the Party Central Committee in the form of a report, which was approved by Chairman Mao and popularized in the whole army. At that time, the masses throughout the country signed up to join the army one after another and fought for the rise of the cause of liberation, which can be said to be the spark of Luo Ronghuan's spark, but it triggered the momentum of the fire.
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > a terrible price to regroup the army</h1>
But think about it from another angle, there are many soldiers, which also means that the personnel are chaotic, the overall quality is unbearable, and it is also necessary to go through long-term training to enter the battle, affecting the action of the troops, and as the battle continues, these drawbacks are becoming more and more obvious.
Especially after the end of the Battle of Siping, Dongye paid a lot of casualties and failed to occupy Siping. After the war, the main column suffered heavy losses and the overall level of combat strength was uneven, and Luo Ronghuan felt like a knife and was also very anxious, because the troops needed to restore their strength as soon as possible in order to save the overall situation.
But the current situation is different from the past, after several years of conquest here, the number of dead and injured continues to rise, there are also many poor peasants who have been saddled with the identity of "slaves of the country", when these people join the army, they are easy to miss home and afraid of death, there are many people who dare not charge forward when fighting, and it is easy to be deserters!
Of course, fear of death is the common sentiment of people, Luo Ronghuan, as a general who loves the people, cannot be partial to the whole, and can only find another way out, after repeated consideration, he made suggestions to the central authorities to form a second-line corps.
Training assassinations
In simple terms, the first-line corps is trained and can be directly put into battle, while the second-line corps is not needed, and their task is to train soldiers and act as reserves for front-line troops.
Luo Ronghuan meant that since the overall quality of the peasants was not good, it was necessary to organize them into a whole, and after training and screening, we would consider whether they could be put into front-line combat.
The planning of the second-line troops is also very simple, led by backbone veterans, arranging for new recruits to train in basic skills such as shooting and assassination, and at the same time granting them ideological work such as "land reform" and "complaining" to ensure the reliability of training.
Back to the topic, this method broke the previous plan for expanding the army, and the central authorities immediately agreed to test it.
After that, Luo Ronghuan was personally responsible for the planning and construction of the second-line troops, arranging courses and ideological education, and he always personally did it, and by the beginning of 1948, the number of the first reserve corps made the central leaders dumbfounded.
Million Legion
In less than a year, a reserve corps, 88 independent regiments, a total of more than 200,000 people! Moreover, this is only the result of the first phase of the test, which is an unprecedented development in the history of army expansion.
Immediately after that, Luo Ronghuan formed a total of three phases of second-line corps, actively mobilized peasants in the northeastern provinces, and formed a total of 189 independent regiments, with a total strength of 420,000 troops. Probably a lot of people don't understand what the concept of 420,000 people is.
At the time of the Huaihai Campaign, the two field armies in East China and the Central Plains plus the local armed forces only had 600,000 people, and the strength produced by Luo Ronghuan's three reserve corps was a hundred regiments war, not including local troops.
However, it is not enough to have troops, and a large number of weapons and equipment are also needed to adapt to the consumption of millions of troops in combat, training, etc., and this task is also responsible for Luo Ronghuan.
As the war became more and more intense, the troops expanded too quickly, and the ordnance left behind by the original Japanese and puppet armies could not be put on the table, and the guns and ammunition needed by the troops were also a problem, and relying on capture was not a long-term solution at all. In this dilemma, Luo Ronghuan was keenly aware that the Military Industry Department should be developed to ensure logistical supplies.
In October 1947, Luo Ronghuan appointed He Changgong as the minister of military industry, vigorously developed military industry in the northeast, and specially dispatched tens of thousands of soldiers to study and train and participate in military production.
Heavy industry, railway development
After more than half a year's efforts, a total of 55 arsenals have been set up in the Liberated Areas of Northeast China, which can produce a large number of guns and cannons at all times and maintain various weapons left behind on the front line.
On the eve of the Liaoshen Campaign, Dongye had 2300+ mortars and artillery, including 600 mountain guns and 100 anti-aircraft guns. Although this kind of combat strength is very strong, it is still a little weaker than the Kuomintang, which has a lot of money.
To this end, in terms of logistical construction, Luo Ronghuan unified the standards for expenditure, proposed to also save manpower and material resources, and reduce the pressure on the troops.
Under the presidency of Luo Ronghuan, the northeast industry and agriculture have developed greatly, and the economy has also been liberated, and many regulations and requirements for strengthening logistical construction have been gradually implemented, for example, in the railway, the whole liberated area has more than 10,000 kilometers of railways, providing a shortcut for the troops to provide rapid support.
< h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > the Liaoshen Campaign, which began</h1>
In the Liaoshen Campaign, Dongye liberated more than thirty cities and captured hundreds of thousands of Nationalist troops, some of which were supplemented by the "People's Liberation Army", but the number was smaller than that of the peasants who joined the army. However, after the battle, Luo Ronghuan released a large number of prisoners from guannei to return home, at this time Hua Ye's eyes were red, and he sent someone to intercept a part of the Yellow River.
In November 1948, dongye, which had been cleared in the northeast, was ordered to enter the customs, and a million troops marched into north China and began a great journey that swept the whole country!
In the Battle of Liaoshen, the People's Liberation Army marched
The Northeast Field Army is a miraculous division, millions of revolutionary fighters can win battles and protect their hometowns, and Dongye is also a unit rich in stars, such as: Han Xianchu, Deng Hua, Li Tianyou, Hu Qicai, Zhong Wei, who played a fierce role in the Northeast Battlefield and even the future Guannei Battlefield, known as the Five Tigers of the Northeast.
From today's point of view, the development of Dongye is too rapid, in the War of Liberation, Shandong mobilized 950,000 young people to join the army, plus local armed forces, about 500,000 people, plus the main force of the Shandong Eighth Route Army 270,000 people, about to calculate, Shandong soldiers have a full 1.7 million people, accounting for nearly one-third of the entire PLA army, the rest of the field army is unmatched, and the first to open the three major battles of the Liaoshen War, won an important step in the liberation of the whole country.
Later, when the soldiers of the whole country were intoxicated by the joy of victory, Luo Ronghuan served as the chief procurator of the Supreme People's Procuratorate, and was at the forefront of building the motherland, and his contributions to the expansion of Dongye and the liberation of the whole country made Chairman Mao praise him: Shandong only replaced one Luo Ronghuan, and the overall chess game was alive. Shandong's chess pieces are alive, and the whole country's chess pieces are also alive.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > finally grateful</h1>
Nowadays, some people say that Luo Ronghuan is a marshal of political work, but in fact, Luo Ronghuan belongs to the talent of both military and political excellence, and in 1927 he was in southern Hunan to riot, organize peasant armed forces, and mobilize the strength of the masses, and since then he has been leading the political work of the troops and fighting in the forefront of the war to expand the party's troops.
Marshal Luo Ronghuan
Especially in the northeast for a few years, almost all the problems of army building such as political work, military training, and equipment were handled by Luo Ronghuan, who often worked with a sick body in his arms, and the recurrence of old diseases, good and bad, and other diseases.
On December 16, 1963, Marshal Luo Ronghuan died of illness in Beijing, and Chairman Mao, in "Seven Laws, Hanging Comrade Luo Ronghuan", issued a message: "The emperor is unfortunate to leave the people, who can the state ask if there is any problem?" And now, the people of the whole country are thinking of Marshal Luo Ronghuan and thanking him for his contribution to the motherland!
This article is original by Yao Shi Tianxia, welcome to pay attention, take you along with long knowledge!