Li Shimin wanted to repair luoyang palace, but he was speechless, Wei Zheng sighed to himself, and left an idiom! Now there is the "power of the flood", in ancient times there is the "power of returning to heaven", what is the "heaven" that returns to heaven?
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="2" >1/Quote: The Power of the Flood and the Power of Returning to Heaven</h1>
There is a very popular word on the Internet called "the power of the flood". Honghuang force is a "new word", the earliest familiar to everyone with this acceptance, is derived from an interview broadcast of a swimmer - after the Rio Olympic Games women's 100-meter backstroke preliminary round, Fu Yuanhui, a national women's swimming team athlete who has won many world championships, used a sentence in an interview with CCTV reporters: "I have used the power of honghuang!" Because of Fu Yuanhui's colorful expression and exaggerated tone, the audience suddenly remembered the term "power of the flood".
The intention of what Fu Yuanhui called the "power of the flood" was to show that he had done everything in his power and had no reservations at all. In the end, Fu Yuanhui, who used the "power of the flood", broke the national record in the official competition and won the third place in the women's 100-meter backstroke, becoming the first Chinese women's backstroke to reach the Olympic podium.
In fact, the first to use the "power of the flood" was not the swimmer Fu Yuanhui, but the network writer Fresh Guoguo. "The Power of the Flood" is a fictional power of Fresh Guoguo in his novel "Flowers and Bones"—a kind of divine power that greedy people aspire to, and whoever has the "power of the Flood" can dominate the world. At the beginning of the publication of "Flowers and Bones", the "power of the flood" was not generally "valued" by readers, until "Flowers and Bones" was adapted into a film and television drama, and the audience increased significantly. Until Fu Yuanhui's sentence "I have used the power of the flood", and finally let the "power of the flood" quickly become popular all over the network.
The opening chapter of the "Thousand Character Text" is "Heaven and earth are yellow, and the universe is flooded." "Flood" originally refers to the state of chaos and obscurity, borrowing to refer to ancient times. Legend has it that when the heavens and the earth first opened, there was a great flood that almost destroyed the entire world. Therefore, the power of the flood can be understood as the power that can destroy the world at the beginning of the opening of heaven and earth. The meaning conveyed by Fu Yuanhui's use of the "Power of the Flood" at the Olympic Games is more simple and clear, which makes this network word truly deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and also makes the "Power of the Flood" from the virtual network into people's daily lives.
Among the ancient idioms similar to "the power of the flood", there is also another one. In written parlance, "the power of returning to heaven" is used to describe the power that can salvage a serious situation. The "power of the flood" only expresses great strength, while the "power of returning to heaven" not only expresses the strength, but also shows the result - the crisis or dilemma is thus saved, and the action and the result are presented together.
So, what is the original meaning of the "heaven" of "returning to heaven" in the phrase "the power of returning to heaven"? Regarding the phrase "hui tian", the Ming Dynasty scholar Zhang Dai once had a very concise interpretation: "The heavenly one, the junxiang; the hui person, the words to restore the junxin also ("Night Sailing Ship"). "Obviously, the heavens here refer to the king.
So why did the king call himself "Heaven"? This has to start from the evolution of the titles of ancient Chinese emperors.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="10" >2/several names for kings</h1>
The reason why the king is called "heaven" is because one of the ancient kings nicknames is "son of heaven". "The king, the Father, the Mother, the Son of Heaven." What is said is that the ancient emperors regarded heaven as their father and the earth as their mother, so they were sons of heaven.
In order to show their absolute authority, the emperors claimed to be golden words, and the words spoken or the decisions made could not be changed, so the advice that could make the emperor change his mind was praised as a force that could be returned to heaven. Thus, the power of returning to heaven can also be used as a metaphor for reversing a dilemma with the right words or effective measures.
So, in the ancient title of emperor, who first used the title of Son of Heaven? In fact, the first to use the title of Tianzi was not a real person, but a mythological figure in ancient legends- The Yan Emperor of the Shennong Clan.
According to Zhang Dai's "Night Sailing Ship" "Character Department", the title of the emperor is "the emperor was first called the emperor, Fuxi was called the emperor, and the shennong mother Andeng (also known as the female deng) was born from the heavens and was first called the son of heaven." The Tang Dynasty historian Sima Zhen said in the "History of the Three Emperors": "The Yan Emperor Shennong clan, surnamed Jiang, the mother and daughter Deng, were born to the Yan Emperor for the sake of the young concubines and the dragon head of the gods. From this, it can be seen that the earliest person to call the Son of Heaven in ancient China was the legendary Humanistic Ancestor of the Chinese Nation, Shennong Yandi.
The monarchs of Xia, Shang, and Zhou were first called kings. Most of the warring princes were arrogantly called kings, and the monarch of The Zhou Dynasty was called the "Heavenly King" (also known as the Zhou Tianzi in later generations). King Yingzheng of Qin unified China, believing himself to be "the Three Emperors of Virtue and the Five Emperors of Gonggai", so he called himself "Emperor (Qin Shi Huang)". Since then, "emperor" has replaced "emperor" and "king" and become the title of the supreme ruler of China's feudal society for more than two thousand years.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="16" >3/The counselor behind "The Power of Returning to Heaven"</h1>
Related to the idiom "the power of returning to heaven", there is also an interesting historical story, that is, the story of the struggle between Li Shimin of Tang Taizong and Zhang Xuansu, another courtier of the same name as Wei Zheng in the dynasty. Who is Zhang Xuansu?
Zhang Xuansu's real name was Pu (朴), and his character Xuansu was a native of Yuxiang Township, Puzhou (present-day Yuxiang Township, Yongji City, Shanxi Province). In the Sui Dynasty, he was a subordinate official of Jingcheng County (present-day Xijingcheng, Cangzhou, Hebei) (in charge of the county commanders of minhu, ancestral shrines, and nongsang). After Jingcheng was captured by Dou Jiande, Zhang Xuansu was captured. Dou Jiande heard of his talent for a long time and made him the Imperial History of zhishu. However, Zhang Xuansu regarded himself as a Sui vassal, but he could not be sealed, and zhang Xuansu heard that the Sui Emperor had been killed in Jiangdu, so he accepted Dou Jiande's appointment as a waiter at the Yellow Gate.
Tang destroyed Dou Jiande, and Zhang Xuansu returned to Tang and was appointed as the governor of Jingcheng to join the army. Emperor Taizong of Tang also heard of Zhang Xuansu's name for a long time, and after taking the throne, he promoted him to the rank of Imperial Attendant, and soon moved to Shizhong.
Zhang Xuansu's first suggestion to Emperor Taizong of Tang and Li Shimin was to boldly delegate power to his subordinates, so as not to repeat the mistakes of the Sui Dynasty. Zhang Xuansu believes that the main reason for the death of the Sui Dynasty is that the monarch must take matters into his own hands. The disadvantage of the monarch's personal administration is that there are ten things in the day, and there are five mistakes that are not easy to deal with. In a day, the monarch not only breaks ten things, but often takes care of all opportunities every day, so that the accumulated mistakes accumulate more, and the more mistakes the country will perish. Therefore, Zhang Xuansu suggested that Tang Taizong should make extensive use of xianliang, make all officials obey the law, and be able to appease the people, be careful, and become a monarch that Yao Shun could not compare.
Zhang Xuansu's recruitment of talents was soon adopted by Emperor Taizong of Tang. Another outstanding performance of Zhang Xuansu as a courtier was to instruct Emperor Taizong to repair the Luoyang Palace, and even Wei Zheng, who was also a courtier with him, admired it.
In the fourth year of Zhenguan (630), Emperor Taizong of Tang, who was proud of the spring breeze, ordered the construction of Luoyang Palace. Zhang Xuansu believed that the situation had just stabilized, and the people of the world had not yet recovered from the war, so they began to build a large number of civil engineering projects, which was a move to hurt the people's wealth, so he wrote to the people to obstruct it. Zhang Xuansu boldly compared Tang Taizong's construction of Luoyang Palace with Qin Shi Huang's construction of Afang Palace and Sui Emperor's repair of Qianyang Palace, and he wanted Taizong to learn from the historical defeats of "Afang Cheng, Qin people scattered; Zhang Hua, Chu Zhongli; and Qianyang Bigong, Sui people disintegrated".
Zhang Xuansu's advice was direct and unpleasant, which made Emperor Taizong very embarrassed, but Tang Taizong did not back down, but asked Zhang Xuansu: "You mean that I am not as good as the Sui Emperor?" Then what should I do with Xia Jie and Shang Yi? Zhang Xuansu said, "If Your Majesty insists on rebuilding luoyang palace, then you will be the same as them in the chaotic world." Tang Taizong listened, felt that Zhang Xuansu's words were very reasonable, and quickly criticized himself: "Blame me for not thinking carefully, only to do it hastily, I changed." ”
After four years of Zhenguan, Xuan Su said: "Qing said that I am not as good as Emperor Zhao, how can I be like Jie and Qi?" "If this battle continues, it will also be a mess." Shang sighed: "I am not familiar with my thoughts, and even so!" (Zizhi Tongjian)
Afterwards, Li Shimin also discussed this matter specifically for Fang Xuanling, the current prime minister. Li Shimin said to Fang Xuanling: "My original intention in building Luoyang Palace was to make it convenient for Luoyang to pay tribute, and I wanted to facilitate the people, so I sent people to repair it. Now xuansu is very reasonable, and this kind of messenger should be stopped immediately. One day in the future, I will go to Luoyang because of an incident, even if I sleep in the open. Tang Taizong, knowing that he was wrong, not only issued an edict to stop repairing the Luoyang Palace, but also rewarded Zhang Xuansu with two hundred colored veils as a sign of praise.
(Emperor Taizong) Gu said of Fang Xuanling: "In the land of Luoyang, the tributes are all there, and they intend to facilitate the people, so they camp." What Xuan Su said is true and reasonable, and it is advisable to dismiss it immediately. The day after tomorrow or to Luoyang, although the dew is not injured. "Still give Xuan Sucai two hundred horses." (Zizhi Tongjian)
Zhang Xuansu successfully advised Tang Taizong from building the Luoyang Palace, and even Wei Zheng was very impressed, exclaiming: "Zhang Gong discussed things, so he had the power to return to heaven, which can be described as the words of a benevolent person. ”
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="28" >4/Zhang Xuansu's new career with Waterloo</h1>
Li Shimin also gave a good evaluation to his outspoken courtier: "If you are humble and dignified, it is not easy to come in ancient times, but if you are loyal and upright, can you do this?" It is precisely because he understands Zhang Xuansu's character and deeds that he is too much favored, and he has been promoted continuously since then. The crown prince Li Chengqian became Li Shimin's heart disease because he did not focus on his studies and was idle, so he sent Zhang Xuansu to educate his wife.
Zhang Xuansu was first appointed as the Young Zhan Shi and Right Concubine of the Eastern Palace (the crown prince lived in the Eastern Palace), and assisted the crown prince Li Chengqian. However, Zhang Xuansu's master of the prince was not good, and although Li Chengqian was ill and was not good at doing things, he just couldn't change the bad deeds of studying and idling, and he didn't like to study. Zhang Xuansu, who was straight, wrote to advise him many times, but the prince never listened to the advice, and he still went his own way.
Emperor Taizong of Tang, because Zhang Xuansu had repeatedly advised the crown prince, also made him the Grand Master of Yinqing Guanglu and the crown prince Zuo Shuzi. After Zhang Xuansu was promoted, his sense of responsibility was even stronger, and he kept an eye on the prince. In this way, the two people have been secretly competing, one is not enough to play, one is not stopping, and as a result, the relationship between the two is more and more stiff.
Zhang Xuansu's repeated advice eventually aroused the prince's strong dissatisfaction and secretly killed him. Later, Li Chengqian really sent someone to assassinate his "nagging" master. Fortunately, Zhang Xuansu had the protection of the gods, and he did not die and escaped a disaster. However, in the end, he was not able to jump over the prince's "pit".
Because the crown prince Li Chengqianlong did not repent, the evil deeds flourished day by day, and finally suffered the consequences. In the sixteenth year of Zhenguan (642), after Li Chengqian's assassination of Li Tai, the King of Wei, who had the intention of seizing a wife, failed, he joined forces with Li Yuanchang the Prince of Han, Du He, the Duke of Tuoma, and Marquis Junji of Chen, in an attempt to commit misdeeds. After the matter was revealed, Tang Taizong, who loved his son, could not bear to kill the crown prince Li Chengqian, but instead deposed him as a commoner and exiled him to Qianzhou.
After the crown prince was deposed, Zhang Xuansu was held accountable for being a subordinate of the crown prince and was held accountable for his poor teaching, and was dismissed from all positions. After sitting on the cold bench for two years, Zhang Xuansu was again used as the Chaozhou Thorn History, and later transferred to the Dengzhou Thorn History. During the reign of Emperor Gaozong of Tang, he was awarded the title of Grand Master of Yinqing Guanglu in the third year of Long Shuo (663). In the first year of Lin De (664), he died of illness at home.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="35" >5/Conclusion: "Rejuvenation" and "Rejuvenation of Magic Hands"</h1>
There are two ends to things, and there are both forces in this world that can return to heaven, and of course there are also forces that cannot return to heaven, that is, the "powerlessness to return to heaven", "inability to return to heaven" or "lack of techniques for returning to heaven" as opposed to "the power of returning to heaven", which means that the situation (illness) is serious and cannot be recovered (saved). Weakness and lack of skill are both impotent meanings of powerlessness.
In fact, the term "Huitian" existed before it was associated with Zhang Xuansu, and mostly refers to the power of power. For example, the Later Han Dynasty Book of Eunuchs Biography Shan Chao: "After the four princes turned horizontal, the world said: 'Left back to heaven, sitting alone, Xu Wohu, Tang two fall.' The Later Han Dynasty Book of Liang Tonglie Biography And Liang Ji Biography: "The Shang (Liang Shang) cooperated to return to heaven, and it belonged to the period of weak carving and explosion. "Northern Qi Shu Di Ji General Treatise": "Yu castrated the right to be the axis, concubines arbitrarily returned to heaven, betrayed officials and lords, and committed adultery." "That's all there is to it.
In addition, corresponding to the "lack of techniques for returning to heaven", there is also an idiom that everyone is very familiar with, that is, "magic hand rejuvenation". The term "magic hand rejuvenation" was first related to bian que, a divine physician of the State of Qi during the Spring and Autumn Period. When Bian Que passed through the kingdom of Yu, he heard that Prince Yu had died suddenly, so he asked Zhongshuzi about Prince Yu's symptoms. After understanding the condition, Bian Que thought that Prince Yu was only suspended from death and could be saved, so he asked his disciple Ziyang to grind the needle and prick a few stitches in prince Yu's acupuncture points, and Prince Yu woke up, and then after the mediation of the soup medicine, he was fully recovered after 20 days. As a result, Bian Que won the title of "Magic Hand Rejuvenation".
The Qing Dynasty writer Li Baojia also had this description in the twentieth episode of the "Record of the Appearance of Officialdom": "But inside and outside the door of the medicine shop, there are twenty or thirty plaques hanging: what 'merit is the same as the good phase', what is 'Bian Que resurrection', what is 'magic hand rejuvenation'..." The meaning of "magic hand rejuvenation" is to praise the doctor's superb medical skills and the ability to cure the dying patient.
(Image from the Internet)