Original: Liu Baosen
In 2019, in the process of rectifying the Yangtze River shoreline in Wuhan, the Wangjia lane ferry terminal attracted much attention. The history of Wangjia lane pier is 125 or 121 years. The theory of 125 years originated from the fact that Houji Ferry Company was founded in the twenty-second year of Guangxu (1896), and the theory of 121 years originated from the fact that Liji Ferry Company was founded in the twenty-sixth year of Guangxu (1900). In the history of Wuhan Ferry, there have been 3 Wangjia Lane docks.
Map of The 1933 Wuhan Ferry Route
The first Wangjia Lane ferry terminal, namely Siguandian Pier. This is the pier used by Houji Ferries since its inception. The pier is facing the Wangjia Lane at the head of the Four Officials Hall, so it is called the Wangjia Lane Wharf. Speaking of this, Jiang Bingcheng is a figure that cannot be avoided.
Jiang Bingcheng (1877~1941), also known as Chang Hook, was a native of Qiuyang (now Xiantao) County, Hubei Province. The family was poor, and his father made a living by farming and selling fish and shrimp. Jiang Bingcheng is the eldest son in the family, entered a private school at the age of 6, dropped out of school at the age of 8 due to poor family conditions, went to the countryside to apprentice, and then turned to business. Jiang Bingcheng is diligent and studious, good at management, and wins the trust of customers. The owner of the trading house competed to be hired, and then he was hired by the owner of the cotton shop surnamed Yi Xiong and married his daughter. At that time, due to the low-lying terrain of Qiuyang, the road was endangered by floods all year round. In order to get rid of the plight of his hometown, in 1892, the 15-year-old Jiang Bingcheng went to Hankou alone to join his uncle Wang Hongsheng, who was working as a bodyguard under the name of Feng Qi hook in Jiangxia County, and later promoted to pipe belt (quite a battalion commander), which was quite powerful.
Flood control in 2016 Tian Lianshen photo
In 1896, Feng Qi hooked up with the Houji Ferry Company, and Jiang Chengcheng went on the ship as an apprentice, because he was good at financial management, and later rose to the positions of sailor, accountant, first mate and captain. In 1910, Feng Qi hook was dismissed from his post, and Houji and Liji were annexed by Zhao Zi'an to form the Anhe Steamship Bureau. Jiang Bingcheng entered the Anhe Steamship Bureau in the early years of the Republic of China to assist Director Wang Hongsheng. In 1921, after the death of Zhao Zi'an, a key member of the Anhe Steamship Bureau, Wang Hongsheng was promoted to director and Jiang Bingcheng was appointed as the director of the bureau, and from then on, he began to exert his management skills in the ferry industry. Soon, Wang Hongsheng was also unable to continue the manager's business due to old age and flexural fitness, so he handed over the Anhe Steamship Bureau to his nephew Jiang Bingcheng to take over.
In order to expand the ferry business in Wuhan, Jiang Bingcheng for the first time adopted the method of multi-loaded fast running and more flights, attracting many passengers to cross the river, so that other ferry operators gradually closed down and closed down. Later, in order to ensure the safety, convenience and punctual operation of the ferry, it took the lead in building a dock ramp at the dawangjia lane (now Siguandian) wharf, setting up barges and ticket booths, changing the situation of the previous ferries hitting the pillar along the river, jumping on and off passengers, and implementing a fixed dock, fixed routes and closing times. According to the "Xiakou County Chronicle" of the ninth year of the Republic of China (1920), "There is a ferry terminal with a fixed location, and the amount of Dawangjia Lane is early. "This is a major contribution of Jiang Bingcheng in charge of the ferry industry.
The second Wangjia Lane Ferry Terminal, located at the intersection of Daxing 2nd Road, corresponds to Qingjia Lou on the shore. In 1922, after the reorganization of the Anhe Steamship Bureau, the established Hechun Company moved the original Hankou Wangjia lane wharf here, and there was a second Wangjia lane wharf. In order to identify the envoy, it is distinguished by the large, small or upper and lower Wangjia Lane piers. In the 1970s, the pier was dedicated to the provincial salvage team.
In order to distinguish between the two Wangjia Lane piers, people are more up and down, or the size of the difference. Some people simply called the second Wangjia Lane wharf a Qingjialou wharf. Feng Qijun, founder of Houji Ferry Company and Hankou Patrol Police Road, built across the wharf on River Street, which is magnificent and gorgeous, and the cost is huge. In 1908, when the governor of Huguang, Chen Kuilong, and Zhao Erxun were handed over, Feng Qijun ordered the clearance of the road, and the street vendors such as meat, fish, small vegetables, cooked food, and groceries were all removed, and ordered people to be expelled section by section, provoking the hawkers to strike the market. People were angry at Qingjia Lou, demolishing it and becoming a field of broken rafters and broken tiles, and Qingjia Lou continued to be used as the name of the pier. In 1928, the Navigation Administration Department of the Provincial Construction Department set up a small ship inspection office at the wharf.
The boundary monument of the Qian Gong Office ranks among the steps of the pier
Judging from the ferry shipping map drawn by the Hubei Construction Department's Shipping Administration Office in 1933, not only Hankou has two Wangjia lane wharves, but Wuchang also has two Hanyangmen wharves. And Wuchang's Hanyang gate wharf and Hanyang Dongmen wharf are one word apart, which is extremely tolerant of being mistaken by passengers. A newspaper carried a message under the title of "Wuhan Ferry Terminal Miscellaneous":
Since the inland waterways were taken over and handled by the Construction Department, the Wuhan ferry terminal was inevitably complicated and complicated, which made passengers wander the road. Yesterday, this reporter crossed the river due to an emergency, originally planned to go up the slope of Hanyang Gate, and took the wrong boat, from Wangjia Lane to Hanyang East Gate, around a large week, for one hour, and arrived at wuchang Pinghu Gate, making people exhale in vain. It is hoped that the shipping authorities should clearly mark the time of passengers to avoid mistakes at the Wuhan Ferry Terminal, otherwise the escort team members and those who cross the river will have detailed guidance and can also cross the passenger cloud slightly
The third Wangjia Lane Wharf, now the Wangjia Lane Wharf, historically known as Canghan Wharf or Minquan Road Wharf, was built in 1933. Speaking of this pier, it is necessary to mention Xu Yuanquan.
Xu Yuanquan (1886-1960) was born in Cangbu Town, Huanggang, Hubei Province (now part of Xinzhou District, Wuhan). In the second year of Xuan reunification (1910), he graduated from the Nanjing Army Lecture Hall. In the autumn of 1911, Wen Wuchang led more than 300 students to participate in the Yangxia Defense War, and served as the captain of the student team of the wartime headquarters. In 1929, Xu Yuanquan's troops were transferred back to Hubei to garrison. In the following two or three years, Xu Yuanquan built a mansion in his hometown of Cangbu, and at the same time, on the side of the mansion, the former Cangbu Inspectorate office built Cangxi Primary School on the site of the former Cangbu Inspection Office, which was later changed to Zhengyuan School.
In the Special Edition of the Third Anniversary of the Private Zhengyuan School, compiled in 1935, in addition to the school board charter, it also contains the school board of directors to set up a rotation management committee, a work summary and the rules of the rotation management committee. The net profit obtained from the "Canghan" and "Cangxing" passenger ship business of the Canghan Steamship Bureau will be the peiyuan school business fee and supplementary fee; the two-round rent will be the repair fee of the steamship terminal.
The dragon king temple pier gate during the flood season
Cangbu is located on the shore of Wuhu Lake, and there was no modern means of transportation in the early years. To go to Hankou, you have to walk around the lake, and it is not easy to travel to and from the city and countryside. Wuhu Lake south through the Yangtze River, by boat can directly reach Hankou, so merchants, tourists gradually tend to water transportation, Wuhu people's boat transportation is becoming more and more prosperous, so that there is a situation of "Shakou Gang" and "Huangpi Gang" competing with each other.
In 1915, Wang Jiachong, a merchant from Cangbu, leased a steamship to and from Hankou and Cangbu, almost monopolizing this section of water passenger transport. In 1921, Cangbu merchants Lu Futian and Lin Zijun each chartered a passenger ship from other places to sail into Wuhu Lake. After several years of painstaking management, Wang Jiachong was squeezed out and the water transport world of Wuhu Lake was seized. In order to avoid the two companies from falling out against each other, Lu and Lin established the Canghan Steamship Juyi Company after two consultations, and the operation of the two ships was very prosperous.
After Xu Yuanquan returned to his hometown, Canghan Steamship Juyi Company leased the ship to Xu Yuanquan for operation, and then changed its name to Canghan Steamship Bureau. Subsequently, Xu Yuanquan bought the Hanwu ship from Wuhan Ye Kaitai, changed hanwu's double car into bicycles, divided into two, and made two passenger ships, named Cangxing and Canghan. The net profit obtained from the business office is the business fee and supplementary fee of Peiyuan School.
Two documents are published in the book "Special Edition of the Third Anniversary of the Private Zhengyuan School".
The "Case of Renting the Dock in the Middle of the Minquan Road Column of Hankou" wrote: "The Hankou Yanjiang Wharf was previously under the jurisdiction of the Hubei Construction Department. In order to travel the Route from Hankou to Cangbu, in the 21st year of the Republic of China, Xu Shuxun, manager of the Canghan Steamship Bureau, submitted a lease of the Minquan Road Sujue Middle Barge Dock during the tenure of Zi Ying, the eldest son of the FangQian Hall. It is approved to take the example of the Puxi Township Association to lease the Qiuzi Wharf, and to receive the rent at half price, and to pay a rent of 1,150 yuan per year. Fu then approved the registration of the license during the term of office of Li Qian's director Shucheng, and the pier was determined by the one."
Another "Petition for Construction Rights Road Barge Dock Case" reads: "For the convenience of passengers and the development of the navigation industry, the Association has submitted an advance of 100,000 yuan to the Municipal Government in 21 years for the reconstruction of the new stone-class wharf because the wharves on the banks of the Hankou River have been transferred to the jurisdiction of the Hankou Municipal Government." It is six meters high and six meters wide. It will be completed by February 2022. Everyone in the industry said that it was convenient, and the business was consolidated."
The picture on the left is the Wangjia Lane pier at the intersection of Minquan Road
From the above two documents, it can be seen that in December 1932, the Canghan Steamship Bureau proposed to build a wharf in the middle of the two piers of "Accommodation" and "Column", that is, at the intersection of Minquan Road. The Hankou municipal government sent personnel to survey and decided that it was feasible, and ordered the advance payment of rent, and in 1933 the construction of a 6-meter-wide wharf was completed.
The "Public Works" chapter of the "Hankou Municipal Summary" describes the incident with the title of "Canghan Wharf": "Since the construction of the road along the river, the government has also built twenty-one large and small docks from jianghan pass to the area of Dakou Lane, and listed the name, divided into two types: publicity, rent and rent, and lease, and the draft management rules are promulgated and implemented. In December 2001, according to Xu Shuxun, manager of Canghan Steamship Company, he proposed to build a wharf in the middle of the two piers in Sulie (that is, the intersection of Minquan Road), and after the government sent personnel to survey it, it was deemed feasible, and ordered the prepayment of rent and planned to build it. The wharf is six meters wide, stretching out twenty-one meters outside the embankment line, 9 and 75 meters high, and a total of 65 steps of stone stepping. Construction began in February and was completed in May", which is today's Wangjia lane ferry terminal.
Status quo of the Siguandian Pier
A few years ago, the municipal government funded the modernization of the Wangjia lane wharf. Referring to the Wuhan Pass and Zhonghua Road Ferry Terminal, a modern trestle has been built to make the ramp gentle and convenient for pedestrians, electric vehicles and bicycles to get on and off the boat. It is now a tourist-only pier.
As for when and why did who moved the name of the original Wangjia Lane Wharf to the Minquan Road Wharf, and the original Wangjia Lane Wharf was named siguandian Wharf? Further reference to the historical data is needed.
Salvage the memories of Jiangcheng Hook sink the past of the three towns
EDIT: Sailor