Which dynasty is Guo Xiang from? Guo Xiang was a person from the Western Jin Dynasty, although the date of birth and death is not very detailed, but it can be determined that Guo Xiang was a person of the Western Jin Dynasty. Guo Xiang was a famous metaphysician at that time, good at talking, and wrote "Zhuangzi Notes", which annotated the book "Zhuangzi", so as to make a name for himself in the world, Guo Xiang's achievements were closely related to the social environment at that time, and the following is to talk about Guo Xiang, who lived in the Western Jin Dynasty.
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Which dynasty is Guo Xiang from? Guo Xiang was a person of the Western Jin Dynasty, the Western Jin Dynasty began in 265 AD to the end of 316 AD, so the Western Jin Dynasty only existed for 52 years, if you count from the Western Jin Dynasty to destroy the Wu Kingdom in 280 AD, then the Western Jin Dynasty actually only existed for thirty-seven years. Due to the instability of the regime, society has always been in the midst of war and turmoil, with frequent wars and the people's lives being very unstable. And the Western Jin Dynasty came from the State of Wei, before the establishment of the Western Jin Dynasty was the Three Kingdoms period, wars and chaos, the people can be said to have experienced a long period of war, so life was relatively difficult at that time, because the hearts of the war-torn people were also very unstable, class contradictions were also relatively sharp, how to obtain spiritual relaxation and stability in such a chaotic world is a problem that many people will encounter, at this time for most people who are powerless to change society, the teachings of Lao Tzu and Zhuangzi have been used again. Therefore, the worship of Lao Tzu and Zhuangzi was once again born, and at this time, Guo Xiang's metaphysics came into being. Therefore, it was that era that created Guo Xiang's success, and it was that era that needed someone like Guo Xiang to exist, so Guo Xiang was able to make a name for himself in that era.
Guo Xiang's theory of independence
Guo Xiang was a famous metaphysician in the Western Jin Dynasty, was a famous representative figure of the Taoists led by Lao Tzu and Zhuangzi in the Western Jin Dynasty, Guo Xiang's greatest achievement was to annotate "Zhuangzi", on the basis of commenting on Zhuangzi, Guo Xiang integrated his own understanding, made a redefinition and interpretation of many philosophical issues, and formed his own ideological system, Guo Xiang is most famous for the "theory of independence" and "xuan meditation" he pioneered.
Guo Xiang's "Zhuangzi's Notes"
The following is a brief explanation of Guo Xiang's theory of independence. First of all, in Guo Xiang's view, everything in the world has its own reason for existence, everything in the world is interconnected, they are not created by a creator, but the connection between things is natural, all come from their own needs, and do not exist for any external force. The most famous idea in the theory of independence is the relationship between famous religions and nature, famous religions refer to the various policies, ethical guidelines and other dogmas and theoretical systems that exist in the world, nature is the existence of no constraints, Guo Xiang believes that famous religions are nature, nature and famous religions are one, the theory under this idea is to say that life and death have fate and wealth in heaven, this kind of thinking is to let people not do unnecessary resistance, everything is in fate, resistance is no role, and at the same time let people self-denial and retribution. In this way, the people of the world can become benevolent and righteous people.
Guo Xiang's theory of independence played a certain role in the social stability at that time, but it was too much emphasis on letting people go with the flow, negating people's subjective initiative, and letting the people live in peace and contentment, which was of its own benefit to the ruling class at that time, but Guo Xiang's era was full of wars, social turmoil, and the people's lives were very unstable, so this theory was not suitable, and it was inevitable that it would be shelved in the cabinet.