The Tokyo Olympics are in full swing.
While watching the TV broadcast, I found an interesting phenomenon. Men's Badminton Men's Singles Silver Medal winner Chen Long reads "Chén Dragon" when broadcasting his news; Chen Lijun, the gold medalist in men's 67 kg weightlifting, reads "Chen (shèn) Lijun" when broadcasting his news. "Chen" as a surname, why do you read chén and shèn?
Looking up the first edition of the Hanyu Da Zidian, "谌" has only one pronunciation, pronounced chén, and its original meaning is to believe, "Erya ShiYi shang": "Chen, Xinye." "Speaking of the Text" "Chen, sincere truth also." Shì (尚書· 奭) (shì): "The Destiny of Heaven is not easy, and the Heavens are difficult." By extension, sincerity and loyalty, "Poetry Sutra Daya Dang": "Born to be a people, their fate is bandit? Mao Chuan: "Chen, Makoto." Zheng Xuanji: "Heaven is born of this people, and its teachings are not to make them loyal with integrity?" It is also extended as a by-speech, which is equivalent to "sincerity" and "indeed", "Chu Ci· Nine Chapters, Lamentations": "The outer inheritance of joy is about to be promised, and the chen is weak and difficult to hold." Wang Yi's note: "Chen, Chengye." "Chen" also has a meaning of "surname." "Tongzhi Clan Sketch Five": "Chen, Surname Yuan" Tao KanMu Chen. Present-day Nanchang has this surname. Look out at Yu Zhang. The second edition of the Hanyu Da Zidian added a pronunciation of "shèn" to the original, interpreted as "surname".
Now han five "chen" character interpretation
Now han seven "chen" character interpretation
The fifth edition of the Modern Chinese Dictionary is "谌" (chén, also pronounced shèn), surname. In the current Han 6th and 7th Han dynasties, shèn is listed separately, which shows that when "Chen" is spoken as a "surname", some places have been reading the shèn sound, so authoritative dictionaries such as the Hanyu Da Zidian and the Modern Chinese Dictionary have absorbed this pronunciation. Duan Yujie's Commentary on the Interpretation of Words and Characters: "Poetry: Heaven is difficult to chensi. "Daya" text. Today's "Poems" are written. Mao Yue: Chen, Xinye. According to Chen, Chenyi homophony is near, ancient universal. Today's "Poem": Its fate is bandit. "Heart" is a destiny of bandits. The phonetics and semantics of "谌" and "忱" are all similar, in fact, a set of variants that record the same word, so in the word book and the official language system, "谌" has always been pronounced chén. Chen Long's family is in Jingzhou, Hubei Province, which is a large wharf in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, there are many people coming from the south to the north, and the pronunciation is more up-to-date, so their "Chen" surname is pronounced chén.
And chen Lijun, who won the championship at the Tokyo Olympic Games, his hometown of Anhua in Yiyang, Hunan, where Baisha Creek and Yiqingyuan black tea are produced, are located in a remote area, and it is normal to retain more ancient sounds in the dialect, so they are pronounced as shèn as the surname "Chen". Interestingly, the author of "Man to Middle Age" and the famous female writer Chen Rong is from Hankou, and her name is pronounced "Chen (chén) Rong"; there is a place in the Jiang'an District of Wuhan called "Chen Jia Ji", "Ji" is a small highland on the water's edge, and there are many rocks on both sides of the Yangtze River. It is called "Chen Jia Ji" because in the early years there were people with the Chen surname who fished and lived here, and over time slowly appeared the Iso named after the Chen surname, which was called "Chen (shèn) Jia Ji" by the locals. The same belongs to the three towns of Wuhan, one read chén and one read shèn, which shows that in the official dialect and the literary system, "Chen" reads chén, while in dialects and spoken languages, "Chen" reads shèn, which should belong to the wenbai different reading. Hubei is the place where the north and south meet, and the language belongs to the northern official dialect area, so it is not unusual for the two pronunciations to coexist, and Jiangxi, Hunan and other places read shèn, without chén. "Chen" reading chén or shèn is actually similar to "Zen" reading chán or shàn, that is, the so-called Zen mother word in the Middle Ages, Mandarin now reads the flat sound of the general vowel is ch, and now when reading the voice of the voice is generally sh. In some southern dialects, the Zen vowel is sh regardless of the vowel.
Dialects are mostly the remnants of ancient Chinese, Huangxian Western Han Dynasty that is, the county, more than 2,000 years ago, the establishment history is long, but also remote in the cape, the language is less affected by the outside world, retain more ancient sounds. In Huangxian dialect, there are also several cases where the pronunciation of surnames is different from Mandarin, which is worth exploring. "Gai" as "surname" when speaking, read gě, "Gai" was originally an ancient place name, warring states Qi has Gaiyi, Han Gai County, Northern Qi abolished. The ancient city was in present-day Yiyuan County, Shandong. "Mencius Gongsun Ugly": "The king made Gai Dafu Wang Huan as an auxiliary line." Zhao Qi's note: "Gai, Qi Xia Yi also." Later, taking Yi as his surname, Guangyun Yongyun: "Gai, surname also." Han has a cover wide rao. "Ancient and Modern Surname Book Dialectics And Rhymes": "Gai's family, from Qi Dafu's food and harvest in Gai, with Yi as the clan." "There is a "Gai" surname in Huangxian County, but in the Huangxian dialect, the "Gai" surname is pronounced gài (the "Gai" of the Peking Opera actor "Gai Called Tian" is pronounced gài, which is only his stage name, at that time there was a very popular artist called "Xiao Call Tian", his name "Gai Call Tian" is to exceed and cover the meaning of "Xiao Call Tian", which has nothing to do with the surname), I don't know whether it is a misreading or the remnants of the ancient sound.
When "Ge" is spoken as "surname", it is pronounced as gě, "Tongzhi Clan Sketch II": "Ge shi, surname Of Ying, the princes of xia, the descendants of the country as the clan." And "Customs" Yun: Descendants of Ge Tianshi. He Geshi changed to Geshi ,虏姓也。 "Ge Rong (Xianbei), the leader of the peasant rebel army in Hebei in northern Wei, was changed from He Geshi, and I once had a colleague surnamed Ge, who had a deep beard, and I jokingly called him "the last Xianbei.". There is also a distribution of the surname "Ge" in Huang county, but the Huangxian dialect is pronounced gǎ. This pronunciation is more common in Huangxian dialect, "clam (clam snail)", "佮 (jiaotong)", "胳 (arm elbow nest)" and "knotty (knotty soup)" are all pronounced as ga.
When "Hao" is spoken as "surname", it is pronounced hǎo. "Guangyun Duoyun": "Hao, surname also." Emperor Yin had a son who enfeoffed Haoxiang in Taiyuan, and later became a member of the Yin clan. But in Huangxian dialect, "Hao" is pronounced huǒ when used as "surname", which is related to the ancient phonology retained in Huangxian dialect. "Hanshu Jingwu Zhao Xuanyuan Successful Minister Table": "There is Hao Xian, the Marquis of Zhongli. Tang Yanshi's ancient note said: "Hao Yin calls each other opposite, and the sound style is also reversed." In Huangxian dialect, "river (river water)", "he (congratulations)", "he (cooperation)" and "peace", "lotus (lotus)", "box (touch light box)", "raccoon (raccoon)" are all pronounced as huo, so the surname "Hao" in Huangxian dialect is pronounced like fire, which is also in line with the phonological laws of Huangxian dialect.
Some of the pictures are quoted from the Internet, and the copyright belongs to the original author