Corn is the main food crop in China after rice and wheat, and the planting area and output are the first among miscellaneous grains. The planting of the five major corn-producing areas in the country is of great significance to increasing food security and production.
However, the prevention and control of major diseases and insect pests is still the main point of the work of the three rural areas.
How can we properly control corn pests and diseases?
I. Key prevention and control
1. The prevention and control focus of spring sowing corn area in the north (North China, Northeast China) is: corn borer, double-spotted long-tarsal firefly beetle, underground pest, second and third generations of armyworm, large spot disease, stem rot, corn nematode dwarf disease, gray spot disease.
2. The prevention and control focus of summer sown corn area in Huanghuaihai is: corn borer, cotton bollworm, second-generation armyworm, corn aphid, two-point night moth, thrips, stem rot, southern rust, brown spot disease, curvular leaf spot disease, coarse shrinkage disease.
3. The key prevention and control of corn areas in the hilly hills of southwest China should be: corn borer, second and third generations of armyworms, striated blight, gray spot disease, large spot disease, gray spot disease, and panicle rot.
4. The key prevention and control of corn areas in the northwest region is: underground pests, corn aphids, leaf mites, corn borers, double-spotted long tarsal leaf beetles, large spot disease and stem rot.
Second, the main pest control:
1. Corn borer
1) Combination of wintering and field; combination of heart-leaf stage control and panicle stage control, chemical control and biological control.
2) Straw crushing and returning to the field to reduce the insect source base.
3) Use insecticidal lamp binding decoys to trap during the wintering period.
4) Adult eggs are released per acre.
5) Heart-leaf stage sprayIng of Bacillus thuringiensis, Albicans albicans and other organisms. Or use octathion, dichlorvos, cypermethrin, tetrachlorofenamide, chlorantranium benzamide, high-efficiency cypermethrin, methyl salt, and other insecticides to spray.
2, underground pests are thrips, aphids, beet nocturnal moths, armyworms, cotton bollworms and other pests at the seedling stage, using thiamethoxine, aphrodeline, chloranthabenzoamide, bromocyanamide and other ingredients coating agent seed coating.
Spray with high-potency cypermethrin, apermitriline, acetamiprid, octylthion, sweet and sour solution, high-efficiency cypermethrin and other insecticide sprays. Spray time is before 10 am and after 3 pm.
3. Root rot, silk smut disease, and stem rot
1) Select disease-resistant varieties.
2) Pull out weeds.
3) Coat with umigine 1:40 kinds of coating agent.
4) Soak the seeds with 15% triazolone emulsion.
5) Seed coating agents of components such as clonitrile and fine nail cream, diphenethmethicazole, oxysother ester, or pentazole alcohol are seed coating.
4. Corn leaf spot disease.
1) Select disease-resistant varieties, reasonable dense planting, scientific fertilization.
2) Sow early in the appropriate period to avoid the peak of disease occurrence.
3) Spray once every 10 days with 50% carbendazim 500 times liquid at the leaf stage, and spray twice in a row.
4) In the heart leaf, use phenoxymethazole, enazol, oxysole ester and other fungicides, and spray again according to the specific conditions of the disease in 7 to 10 days. Brown spot disease is administered in maize at 8 to 10 leaves. Brown spot disease or spray with 50% phenylmycin wettable powder 1500 times liquid.
5. Corn blight.
2) Deep ploughing of the land in autumn, reasonable dense planting.
3) At the beginning of the disease, 50% triazolidone 1000 times liquid is selected, focusing on spraying the root of corn.
4) Spray with fungicides such as sclerotium net, jinggangmycin A, enazolisol, manganese zinc and other biocides, depending on the specific disease to decide, spray once every 7 to 10 days.
6. Corn aphids.
1) Withdraw from the heart leaf with 3% octylthion granules 1.5-2Kg at the leaf stage.
2) Spray with high-efficiency cypermethrin emulsion 25 ml on water 40kg to align the upper part of the leaf, spray again for 7 to 10 days.
3) Spray 10% of 18 kg of 18 kg of water with 50 kg of water during the male stage.
4) Spray with thiamethoxazine, prazidone and other agents.
7. Corn leaf mites.
1) Remove weeds from the field.
2) Spray such as pyridoxine, avermectin, etc., and spray on the back of the lower part of the leaf.
8. Cotton bollworm.
In the peak period of ovulation, sprays such as Bacillus thuringiensis and chlorhexamide were selected for prevention and control.
9. Two-o'clock nocturnal moth
1) Thoroughly clean up the weeds and debris inside and outside the field so that there is no hiding place.
2) Before the emergence of seedlings, the cover is removed from the seedling line, which can reduce the rate of damage.
3) Seed coating with agents containing butylthioclamide, bromocyanidine and other agents.
4) Use methylamino avermectin benzoate spray in emergency.
5) Adult booby-trap using insecticidal lamps to booby trap.
6) Underground pests can be treated with coated species for diseases and pests transmitted by underground pests.
7) Insecticide spray control is used for second-generation armyworms, thrips, gray planthoppers and other insects at the seedling stage.
8) In the middle and late stages, you can choose to use drugs such as white zombie bacteria for prevention and control.
9) Middle and late leaf spot disease, ear rot, cotton bollworm, aphids and other diseases and insects, can be controlled by mixed spray with fungicides and insecticides.
Special reminder to netizens:
Due to the different climates in various places, the frost-free period is also different, the terrain and water conservancy conditions and the specific plot fertility are very different, we must look at the sky, look at the ground, and see the degree of maize and corn diseases and insect pests to flexibly grasp and flexibly use. The above are recommended prevention and control techniques.
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