During the Republic of China period, with the further deepening of Western culture, China's cities were westernized in various ways. In coastal trade cities, the Western way of life is more rapid, covering all aspects of food, clothing, entertainment and so on...
At that time, the Hainan diet was quite European and American. Zhang Xingji's translation of "The Tale of Hainan Island" has such a plot, "On the second day of the occupation (Haikou), we came to a Chinese Western restaurant on Xingbei Road. On this day, we were doing a survey of the printing bureau and bookstore in the city, and when we walked around, we didn't feel that our stomachs were empty, so we said: Let's stop here. "At that time, the bald dad in the restaurant greeted him and said that there was beer and Western food could be cooked." "We were taken aback and we sat down on the balcony with the high patio with bright windows and ordered several meals. We looked at the menu that was presented, but we didn't know what was written on it. After Daddy's explanation, I finally understood. Beef onion, Gillette pork chops, braised meatballs, ham omelette, fried chicken, chicken patties. "We drank coffee, which had a strong flavor and was good coffee. This is coffee from Hainan Island. ”
Similarly, in 1932, a middle school teacher named Tian Shulan rode a bicycle alone and traveled more than 3,000 miles to investigate Hainan Island, and wrote a book "Travels on Hainan Island". He also mentions in the book, "Traveling around Hainan Island, sometimes by bicycle, when thirsty on the way, drink more coffee to quench thirst." "Memories of eating coffee in Beiping, Shanghai and other places are more bourgeois, but here it is very common ... In xiangou town, there are also records of drinking coffee. The book also says, "The residents in the northeast of Hainan Island like to drink black tea and coffee, and have European and American styles." ”
There are some descriptions of tea houses in Hainan in the "Tale of Hainan Island", "There are tea houses all over Hainan, and many people who like to drink tea start drinking tea from daytime, and in the tea houses in Haikou, in addition to tea, you can also drink coffee." Coming to the country where coffee is produced, when it comes to the coffee produced in this land, it will somewhat eliminate the sorrows of the journey. ”
The "Hainan Island Chronicle" also deliberately lists the tea houses in Haikou. "There are also quite a few (tea houses), and we have been to the Yuji Tea House many times to drink tea and eat snacks. The new pastry is ten dollars, and all kinds of dim sum are served on a large plate, and the steamed steamer basket containing the steaming steam is also brought up, so you can choose your favorite variety to eat. ”
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Tian Shulan's "Travels on Hainan Island" depicts the costumes, "Hainan customs are simple, the people are straight, they treat people and things, they are not humble and unobtrusive, and they have the legacy of Qiu and Hai Ergong." Costumes tend to be fashionable, and in the areas of Qiongdong, Lehui, and Wanning, there are even people who wear top hats, suits, and shoes, and engage in tree cultivators (of course, a minority). "Wanning women, happy to wear close-fitting clothes, the beauty of the curves, faintly visible."
Chen Zhi's "New Chronicle of Hainan Island" said, "The climate of the island is warm and warm, and the summer is cold for a long time, so the residents' anniversary is only covered by short clothes and thin shirts." "There is no big difference in the style of men's and women's clothing, but in qiongshan, Wenchang and other counties where culture is developed, suit men and fashion women can also be seen everywhere."
Cement, tap water, electric lights and many other applications. Professor Zhang Xingji translated "Hainan Island" in Huoye Weiping, and has a detailed outline of the daily life conditions of Haikou residents. "On the day we entered Haikou, there were electric lights to light, and we were very happy. However, these electric lights are not very reliable, probably because of the large number of reasons. A dozen light bulbs suddenly brightened, suddenly darkened, and then suddenly lit up again. "The electric light company uses heavy oil, the quality of the generator also has problems, coupled with the lack of funds, you can only buy and use fuel for a day or two at a time, and tomorrow maybe the heavy oil will be gone. Sure enough, on the evening of the thirteenth, the lights did not come on at all, and they went out completely. We all work silently. ”
Zhang Xingji translated, "Soon, a person with gold-rimmed glasses who looked like Mitsuru Jia Xiaosheng (Sansheng Jia Xiaosheng, 1858-1939, was a famous Japanese artist who performed rakugo (similar to crosstalk), and was the fifth generation of this family) came and said: One of the two generators has malfunctioned, but there is no electricity near here, tomorrow will be delivered, tonight's power outage, please understand more." He was the owner of the electric light company, and after that he walked in and we talked to him for a long time. From his words, it seems that there will be no case of running out of heavy oil. When we ask: I heard that heavy oil costs one hundred and twenty yuan a month, is it a day? ”
In line with buildings such as arcades, cement, running water, electric lights, etc. are also widely used, and the living customs of residents in Hainan, especially Haikou City, have undergone major changes.
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An open entertainment life. "The Tale of Hainan Island" has a narrative, "One night, I listened to a song played by a blind organist at a Restaurant in Chang'an, and both of them were blind people at the age of twenty-four or five. Men play the huqin, women play the dulcimer, and the woman quietly unties the red rope surrounding the fan-shaped dulcimer by feeling, places the violin in front of her, and begins to play with her hands with two plucks made of thin bamboo. From the twenty-four strings, a slender and high-pitched tone flows. The blind woman was facing us, her hands moving, and the two plucks were surprisingly accurate, from multiple strings to the next, playing beautiful music. Male and female ensemble, alternate singing. It sounds a little sad, and the song "Red Face and White Bones" is first played, followed by the song "Lost Love". Two blind musicians (presumably couples) sang various songs in a row, and we couldn't understand the lyrics at all. On the song list they brought, they wrote "Sister I love you", "Love Flowers and Fruits", "Horse Yanshi", "Yang Guifei Drunk", "Wanderer Sad staff" and other song names, all of which seem to be love songs. "The "Hainan Tuge Song Supplement Collection" edited and released by the Hainan Book Company collects dozens of songs, there are no songs about the scenery, almost all of them are love songs. There are many local languages mixed in, there are many contents, we can't understand, as far as possible to guess the approximate meaning. Such as "lovers separate songs", "night more self-lamenting songs", "couples parting songs", "women embroidery songs", etc., are very emotional songs. ”
Food, clothing, shelter and entertainment are not only the manifestations of social life customs, but also the reflection of cultural phenomena that have been passed down for a long time. Western food, suits, Western advanced electric lights, and love songs continue to spread in Hainan, gradually affecting the lives of locals, whether in the city or rural ravines, Hainan people love to drink a cup of coffee, men love to wear suits, women are no longer as conservative as before, love to wear close-fitting clothes to highlight their figure, which is also getting closer and closer to the way European and American women dress, when the characteristics of free clothing have become increasingly prominent. In the face of the new invention of electric lights after the industrial revolution, Hainan residents have gradually reflected their dependence on it, and after the power outage, residents have also expressed their unaccustomedness.
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With the continuous deepening of the Western way of life, the people's living habits have been constantly changed, from the traditional Chinese social life habits to the integration of China and the West. On the one hand, it reflects that after the opening of the national gate in the late Qing Dynasty to the late Republic of China, the West relied on the means of war or economic trade to gradually bring the Western model to China, influencing China in another way, and at the same time, it is also the embodiment of Chinese people of insight learning from advanced Western artifacts, cultures and systems in China. On the other hand, the change of lifestyle also reflects the change of people's ideology and culture to a certain extent, because in terms of thinking, they are willing to wear a suit and sit in a Western restaurant to eat a Western meal. After the Xinhai Revolution, the people's thinking has suffered a great impact to a certain extent, no longer the puppet way of thinking before, but has its own ideas, willing to abandon the original bad ideas, and accept the advanced way of thinking, Western ideas are also within their acceptance range, and well integrated with Chinese ideas. This will also help the people to emancipate their minds and move toward democratization.
The people's way of life is the most comprehensive and essential reflection of the political, economic and cultural ideas of an era.