Traditional fishery transformation and upgrading Liang Ping plays a new version of "Fishing Light Song"

Golden Loach (Courtesy of interviewee)

More than a month ago, the Ministry of Transport released the list of "Top Ten Most Beautiful Rural Roads" in 2020, and Yumi Road in Liangping District stood out and was selected as one of the top ten in the country.

"The reason why Yumi Road was elected is because it connects the beautiful villages and fish ponds in Chuanxi Village, Lirang Town, and connects 5,000 mu of bayberry blueberries, 3,000 mu of peanuts, 1,200 mu of pear orchards, 800 mu of vineyards, 600 mu of strawberry fields and other characteristic agricultural bases along the line, presenting a beautiful rural picture of fish fat and water beauty, melon and fruit fragrance." Tang Bangyuan, deputy director of the Liangping District Agricultural and Rural Committee, explained to the Chongqing Daily reporter.

But a few years ago, the Liangping Fishery Park with Chuanxi Village as the core was only a relatively traditional fishing base, although it has the largest concentration of commercial fish production base in the city and the only agricultural science and technology park based on fisheries, but the people who come and go, in addition to the fishermen are fishermen, there are not many people who know outside.

"Now, we sell not only fish, but also scenery." Tang Bangyuan said that on the one hand, the local government has adjusted the original fishery breeding structure and developed ecological fisheries; on the other hand, it has laid out projects such as fishing leisure, tourism, camping and summer shelter along the Yumi Road, and taken a modern fishery road with integrated development of fishing culture and tourism.

Structural adjustment:

South American white shrimp "swim" into Chuanxi Village

"Come, take the handle!" On July 2, the Chongqing Shrimp Factory in Chuanxi Village, Lirang Township, Liangping District, was busy, and workers carried the newly delivered Shrimp fry from the car. Entering the workshop, the pools were filled with water, and the water rushed happily, as if welcoming the shrimp fry into its arms.

Liu Dawei, the general manager of the workshop who speaks Mandarin, is from Hubei, a large province of freshwater aquaculture, and has a relationship with Liang Ping, and there is a story.

Liangping Fishery Park has been established for 10 years, with a breeding scale of 12,000 mu, an annual output of 15,000 tons, and a total output value of 700 million yuan, and the development has achieved initial results.

However, transformation is also imminent. In 2019, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and other ten ministries and commissions jointly issued the "Several Opinions on Accelerating the Green Development of the Aquaculture Industry", proposing to build an environment-friendly aquaculture industry.

"We were planning at that time to adjust and upgrade the industrial structure of fisheries and solve the contradiction between aquaculture development and ecological environmental protection." Tang Bangyuan, deputy director of the Liangping District Agricultural and Rural Affairs Committee, said.

In 2020, Mei Jie, an expert consultant of Liangping Fisheries and a professor at the College of Fisheries of Huazhong Agricultural University, introduced Wuhan Conlis Technology Development Co., Ltd. to Liang Ping.

The company is headed by Liu Hanqin, a researcher at the Institute of Water Engineering Ecology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, whose important business is the research and development and promotion of circulating aquaculture systems. The two sides found opportunities in the contact, Liang Ping found the scientific and technological support for the green transformation of the park, and Liu Hanqin found that he could show his fists outside Hubei.

As a result, as a subsidiary of the Wuhan company, the Chongqing Shrimp Factory was established in Liangping in November last year, and Liu Dawei and others were sent to Liangping.

"We are the first in the country to use a recycled water system to successfully cultivate Penaeus vannamei, which not only saves energy and consumption, but also increases production and income." Liu Dawei told the Chongqing Daily reporter that the average daily output of South American white shrimp in the workshop is about 500 catties, the annual output can reach 180,000 catties, the annual output value is 7.2 million yuan, and its area is only 25 acres - compared with other farmers in the park, its unit output is several times higher, and the use of nano ultraviolet disinfection, biological filters, power pump clear water and other technologies represents the development direction of green ecological aquaculture.

Liangping Fishery Park's actions in terms of structural adjustment do not stop there. Since last year, the park has seized the major opportunity of insufficient supply of high-quality fish in the market after the implementation of the "ten-year fish ban" policy on the Yangtze River, actively guided the breeding owners to optimize the breeding structure, gradually reduced the traditional high-density breeding area of "four big fish", introduced famous fish species such as sea bass, hairy crab, South American white shrimp, giant river prawn, etc., and promoted an area of more than 5,000 mu, the proportion of famous fish products was nearly 40%, and the price of commercial fish increased by more than 30% year-on-year.

Ecological farming:

Tailwater treatment ponds have become the standard for aquaculture

Parallel to structural adjustment is the promotion and application of ecological technology, especially the treatment of aquaculture tailwater.

In the development of Liangping fishery, large aquaculture density and poor tailwater treatment are a drawback of most aquaculture subjects.

Pan Chuanjun, a villager in Tonghe Village, Lirang Town, was one of the first villagers to return to his hometown to develop fishing. When he first started, he did not understand technology, lost more than 1 million yuan, and then the government continued to organize technical training, he slowly explored the doorway, and gradually turned losses into profits.

In order to quickly make up for the loss, he increased the density of aquaculture, followed by the doubling of bait and fish medicine. In the absence of tailwater treatment, water quality becomes a problem, and once there is a heavy rain or leakage, the sewage will be discharged into the Longxi River, causing pollution.

What to do? Liang Ping has adopted three approaches: one is to guide farmers to reduce the density of aquaculture and reduce the generation of pollutants in fish ponds; the second is to control tailwater; and the third is to update aquaculture technology.

The first one takes time, the next two can be started immediately. Last year, Liangping District took out 30 million yuan for the tailwater treatment of the park, and an ecological ditch with a length of about 750 meters was quickly built and played a role.

The ditch contains "three ponds and two dams", namely sedimentation tanks, aeration tanks, ecological purification tanks and two filtration dams. In the sedimentation pond, after the aquaculture tailwater is confluent, it can be discharged through a filter dam to an aeration tank, and then through a filter dam to an ecological purification pond. According to calculations, after the tailwater is filtered by the ecological ditch, the water quality can reach the surface class IV or even class III water quality.

In terms of farmers, the relevant local departments require 6-10% of the breeding area to be used for the construction of ecological ponds, "three ponds and two dams" and other engineering facilities for the treatment of the middle and upper layers of the pond.

To reduce the area of fish ponds, many farmers were not happy at first. However, the short-term economic benefit "subtraction" can be converted into long-term comprehensive benefit "addition": on the one hand, the treated tailwater water quality is effectively improved, ensuring the safety and stability of the river water environment and the water environment quality of the breeding pond; on the other hand, the optimization of water quality has also brought about the improvement of aquatic product production and quality, which can improve economic efficiency. Tang Renjun, director of the Liangping District Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Development Center, said.

In terms of breeding technology update, relying on the Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College and the Chongqing Ecological Fishery Industry Technology System in the village to build a rice-fishery comprehensive breeding experiment demonstration base, the park has developed rice-fish symbiosis breeding. "Although the density of culture has been reduced, the quality of rice and fish has increased, and the price has also risen." Farmer Gong Laibing broke his finger to settle the account and smiled happily.

Since October last year, Liangping District has also punished three illegal acts of excessive discharge of aquaculture tailwater in accordance with the law, which has made farmers understand that the era of fat water fish farming is gone, and the concept of "who discharges who is responsible" is more deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.

Industrial Convergence:

The linkage between the ecological fishing garden and the roadscape is on the agenda

The reporter found that there are more than 130 breeding entities in the Liangping Fishery Park, but it is difficult to find an ecological fishing village: "Is it true that everyone is just raising fish and selling fish?" ”

"This is really a short board for us at the moment." Tang Renjun did not hide his words.

Farmer Luo Xiaohong has a lot of criticism of this: "Although we have successfully declared it as a 3A-level scenic spot here, there are no items to play, there is no place to eat, and many people who come to play have to go back home." ”

Extending the industrial chain and promoting industrial integration is one of the topics that Liang Ping is trying to solve.

More than two years ago, the "Chuanxi Fishing Village" project officially opened on the banks of the Longxi River.

The scope of "Chuanxi Fishing Village" covers some villages in Lirang Town, Mingda Town and Renxian Subdistrict, and its core area is located in Chuanxi Village, Lirang Town, with an area of more than 12,000 mu, with an annual incubation of 1 billion fish fry and the production of 15,000 tons of aquatic products, becoming a recreational fishery demonstration park integrating breeding, breeding and processing, and leisure tourism.

Liu Wenyang, secretary of the Party Committee of Lirang Town, introduced that the "West Sichuan Fishing Village" is divided into several major sections: fishing parade - science popularization display area, fishing fire - cultural experience area, fishing fun - tourism development area, fisherman - holiday and leisure area, and includes Longxi River Park, fishery breeding tourism area, automatic constant temperature incubation center, rice fisherman's home and other scenic spots. Tourists can learn the knowledge of fishery breeding, feel the beauty of the fish ponds in Quemo, visit Longxi River Park, and watch the breeding process and intelligent breeding process of famous fish such as large scaled catfish and yellow waxing.

Some farmers are also eager to try. Liu Dawei is ready to work with the breeding owner Wei Chengyang to jointly build a fishing village featuring South American white shrimp to achieve "seamless docking" from pond to table. Luo Xiaohong is planning to open a farm to make her ecological fish more popular through catering.

There are also a very few "unique people". By chance, Wang Tao, a farmer in Mingda Town, found that among his tens of thousands of gray-black loaches, there was a golden dragon loach with a golden body, and some people were willing to buy it at a price of 200 yuan. This led him to spot business opportunities and consciously collect golden loach and breed them in pairs. Today, Wang Tao's golden loach is very popular online, and two slightly larger ones can sell for 88 yuan.

The government has also begun to act. Liu Wenyang revealed that the town is building an ecological fishing garden project of more than 30 acres, which will be open to the public in two or three months, and will arrange some experience and interactive projects including fishing, fish therapy, etc., and gather popularity through fishing competitions and other activities.

"In the next step, we will also pay attention to the integration and development of modern fisheries with tourism, aquarium viewing, recreational fishing, and intangible cultural heritage, and actively create creative fisheries, recreational fisheries, experiential fisheries, and popular science fisheries to make fishing culture come alive." Liu Wenyang said.

Industry Watch >>>

Self-sufficiency rate is less than 50% Chongqing's fishing potential remains to be tapped

Ecological fishery is an important part of Chongqing's mountainous and efficient agriculture. Around Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan and other major fishing provinces are around, and the competitive pressure is not small. Mei Huiqing, deputy director of the Municipal Aquatic Products Station, told reporters that the current fishery self-sufficiency rate in our city is less than 50%, which is inseparable from the above factors.

On the one hand, due to the limitations of mountainous terrain, Chongqing's ponds are small and scattered, and there is a big gap in scale from the coast. A set of data show that the fishery province of Hubei, a total area of 25 million mu of water, suitable for raising water surface of about 13 million mu, Chinese table, every 7 freshwater fish from Hubei, exported to Europe and the United States crayfish, every 3 have one from Hubei; further east, Jiangxi Province's fishery economic output value reached 106.3 billion yuan, aquaculture area stabilized at 6.12 million mu, rice and fishery comprehensive breeding area reached 2 million mu; neighboring province Sichuan, aquaculture area reached 3 million mu, The total output of aquatic products reached 1.8 million tons, and the total economic output value of fisheries reached 56 billion yuan. In contrast, Chongqing's aquaculture area is 1.24 million mu and aquatic product production is 524 000 tonnes.

On the other hand, the fishery industry in our city still has shortcomings such as insufficient investment in fishery infrastructure, weak disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities, low degree of organization, scale and specialization of production and operation, low added value of products, and insufficient integration of production, education and research. "After a few heavy rains, the pond surface is likely to overflow, resulting in huge losses to fishermen." Mei Huiqing said.

In terms of brand, at present, only the aquatic product brands such as Longevity Lake, Dahong Lake and Yuhu Lake in our city have a certain degree of popularity, and most of them are limited to the industry. The leader is not prominent, how to drive the development of other enterprise clusters?

In addition, at present, there are 3 million mu of winter paddy fields in our city, but only about 1 million mu are used for rice and fish farming, and there is still a huge gap in utilization.

"Whether it is from the aspect of improving the self-sufficiency rate, accelerating the innovation of fishery science and technology, or upgrading the brand, Chongqing's ecological fishery has huge market potential." Mei Huiqing said that in order to embark on a road of efficient fishery with mountain characteristics that belongs to Chongqing, there is no doubt that we should give full play to our strengths and avoid our weaknesses and overcome our shortcomings.

A few days ago, the Municipal Agricultural and Rural Committee proposed to take the "Ten Major Actions" as the action plan for fishery development, complete the main tasks of the "Ten Batches", and promote the green and healthy development of Chongqing's fisheries.

The "Ten Major Actions" include ensuring supply and improving quality and efficiency, coordinated development of fisheries in Sichuan and Chongqing, integrated development of the first, second and third industries, and scientific and technological research; the main tasks of the "Ten Batches" include the construction of a number of integrated demonstration bases for the integration of production, education, research and promotion and the aquatic science and technology industrial park, the expansion and strengthening of a number of well-known fish brands, and the construction of a number of well-known and excellent economic fish seed farms. These measures are based on the city's regional resource endowments, and the measures proposed according to the current deficiencies and shortcomings are highly targeted.

In terms of varieties, the city will focus on the implementation of the fishery seed industry upgrading project, strengthen the construction of aquatic original fine seed farms and seed preservation farms, and promote the upgrading and transformation of aquatic fry production facilities; strengthen the cultivation of fine seeds and the development of characteristic fish in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and cultivate a number of modern seed enterprises that integrate breeding and breeding; support seed industry enterprises to carry out original fine seed preservation, breeding and breeding and new variety development; and build a municipal aquatic genetic breeding center.

In terms of quality, the city will promote the standardization of ponds, strengthen the construction of fishery parks, promote green and healthy breeding models, implement comprehensive treatment of aquaculture tailwater, adjust the variety structure, orderly promote the increase of aquaculture in reservoirs, and promote large water surface ecological breeding; implement the standardization and transformation of cultivated rice fields, and accelerate the development of comprehensive rice and fishery breeding.

In terms of brand, the city will take enterprise grouping and industrial technology upgrading as the cornerstone to strengthen the strength of enterprises. Taking the development and utilization of characteristic and high-quality fish in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River as a breakthrough, making full use of information technology platforms, cultivating aquatic product brands with local characteristics, striving to create well-known trademarks and famous trademarks, and making a number of well-known fishing brands bigger and stronger.

Some actions have already been implemented. In Dazu Tieshan Town, the local use of mild climate, abundant precipitation, abundant heat and other geographical advantages to develop winter shrimp, every year from November to March of the following year, and other places to form a off-season advantage, has achieved certain results. At the same time, Dazu will also jointly develop tens of thousands of mu of winter shrimp with neighboring Cities and Counties in Sichuan to form a scale effect.

There is reason to believe that with the gradual landing of this series of actions, Chongqing's ecological fishery will usher in a thick accumulation. (Reporter Yan An Intern Millennium)

Source: Chongqing Daily