Mr. Tang Wei, a hometown man who works at the Longfeng Xinyayuan Culture and Arts Center in Beijing, has studied Gwangju culture. Here is the Gwangju "Colloquial Tracking" series based on his blog under the sina screen name "Laughter". Mr. Tang Wei said modestly: "I had to tell stories. "The country has told the Chinese story well, so let's tell the Gwangju story well." At the very least, the hometown is also part of the country, whether it is colloquialisms or dialects, which are all part of the glorious and splendid Gwangju culture.
Is this the way the Gwangju dialect is written? (Tang Wei)
One day, a link was sent to the hometown group, which probably said that Huangchuan people were arrested by the Yanjiao police station in Hebei Province for "guessing singles and doubles" in Beijing Daxing casino. The saying of "guessing single and double" should be unfamiliar to the villagers, and looking at the link content can be judged to be a gambling method familiar to the hometown - "kan gan treasure". "Kan GanBao" should be well known to women and children in the eight counties and two districts of Xinyang. This kind of gambling can be big or small, one person does the bank, and the participants are N. Those who gather will be cracked down on by the public security organs for gambling.
So how is the word "kan ganbao" written? In Gwangju, many familiar dialect sayings are not clear to many people if asked how they are written. At this point, I began to check the writing of "kan", and there is really "冚" in the dictionary, and it is noted that it belongs to the vernacular of Jianghuai, Lingnan and other regions. Meaning: "Cover". "gan" should be "dry", a traditional chinese word for "dry", which has the meaning of "upper (positive) side" (guessing that the pronunciation of dry and dry is the same in ancient languages). "Qianbao" is to turn two copper coins on the table and cover them with a bowl. Gamblers guess whether "Qianzi" (two copper coins one on the front and one on the opposite side) or "two pairs" (two heads or two tails). After opening the bowl, guess correctly to win. After looking for these, he sent these to Teacher Qin, who taught Chinese in middle school, and he agreed that the three words "Qianbao" should be the written language of this gambling form.
Speaking of Teacher Qin, he began to teach Chinese in a middle school in the 1980s, and has been teaching for nearly 40 years. He has won the honors of national outstanding language teacher and national backbone teacher. He is very accomplished in the study of the ancient culture of Huangchuan, and after his retirement, he actively advocated for the preservation of the traditional culture of Gwangju. Once I went back to my hometown in the Xiaohuang River and saw many people on both sides of the river fishing with "ban zeng", taking a few photos and sending a circle of friends. So someone left a message in the circle of friends saying that it was "moving needles", always thinking that ban zeng was a local colloquialism, and casually wrote a near-sounding "moving needles" to send out. Teacher Qin told me after seeing it that it was "罾" and not "needle". The "罾" in the "Chen Shi ShiJia" that hides "King Chen Sheng" in the "fish of the fish" is this kind of net, so it is changed to 罾. Later, I felt that there was also a problem with the understanding of "moving", and it would not contain the meaning of moving around. An online search found that the written language was "wrench". This kind of fishing tool existed in the Spring and Autumn Period, and it was recorded in the Chu Ci.
Another time I saw a man kidnaking a sub-car on the side of the road, only to hear him say, "Take Ma Geng to gu." Such words used to be common in the village, and no one asked how to write "geng" and "gu". Look up the dictionary, 絙, the ancient same as "緪", the meaning of large rope. The Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms, Wei Shu, and the Biography of Wang Chang records: "Chang Yi Jiangling, the two sides of the strait lead bamboo into a bridge, cross the water to hit it." The meaning of "絙" is this. 罟, a noun meaning a fishing net, is a fishing net or fixed with a net. The meaning of "take the hemp to the poppy" is to take the hemp rope and tie the things on the car. The use of "poppy" is to coil the hemp rope like a net. There is also the village often said "take the net to the poppy fish" is this "poppy".
Anyone who has lived in the village knows that the tool "zhao" originally means a bamboo cage for fishing or raising chickens and ducks. "Zhao" is written as "hood", unexpected, right? The word "shroud" is familiar to everyone, which is taken from the original meaning of this tool. There is no grain at home to "go to the street to di a few pounds of rice, di a few pounds of noodles" The "di" is written as "籴", which means to buy.
This summer, several fellow villagers gathered and ordered a plate of crucian carp. One of them said: "This 'zha long' crucian carp has a lot of spines, and you have to be careful to eat it, don't get stuck." "How long is the "zha handle long"?" 拃", the basic meaning is to open the thumb and middle finger (or little finger) to measure the length. Similarly, "tuo", which means the distance between an adult's arms when the left and right arms are extended. When the trees in the village are measured, it is often said that there are two or three.
Some dialects are not heard in the city, and the people in the village still speak them on a daily basis. For example, the wheels of a vehicle are called "car gū lù". Rudder means circular frames made of metal, wood or other solid materials, wheels, etc. There are also ones called "Cheguzi". Hub, originally meant the log in the center of the wheel, is surrounded by a end of the spoke, with a round hole that can be inserted into the axle, borrowing the wheel or car.
Due to social changes, the increasing mobility of people, coupled with the popularity of Mandarin, language communication is mostly without local dialects. Whenever I go back to my hometown, I occasionally hear people who speak these dialects, and I feel particularly kind. In fact, these dialects can be preserved in history books or dictionaries, proving that they were also once the official language, written language. It's just that with the change of the times, the area used is getting smaller and smaller, and the number of people using it is getting smaller and smaller.
People who have lived in the countryside for a long time, if they suddenly hear a dialect of their hometown on a certain occasion, the atmosphere will feel much more harmonious in an instant, and they will feel more cordial to those who speak the dialect of their hometown.
There was a dinner party, and there were fellow villagers and friends from other places. The meal time was a little long, because a fellow countryman was overwhelmed with alcohol, and everyone else was still raising a glass to the mountain, and he sat there and snored. So, when another person saw him like this, he said, "So-and-so has a pig's head." The foreign friend next to him was stunned after listening to it and asked: "What pig head?" "Pig's head", a dialect, means to snore while sleeping. After the explanation, everyone laughed and talked about the local vernacular. So someone asked how to write "烀", and those who were sitting here really couldn't write it.
In Huangchuan, whether in the county town or the countryside, it is very common to say "烀", with roasted peanuts, torched diamond horns, chicken head rice, and red potatoes... It's all that word.
Because there are tangyuan on the table, it is natural to think of the tool used to make tangyuan noodles: mortar. It is estimated that not many ordinary people in Huangchuan will say this. Speaking of scoops, everyone will know that in the past, a commonly used daily necessities was used to scoop rice flour and flour, and also carried rice dumplings. Among them, the "碓" is a tool for scooping rice, which is now rare. "舂", Huangchuan native language also pronounced "chu", is to take something to pound. For example, "Scoop the stick", "Scoop it twice with your fist", "Take the stick and look at how deep it is" and so on.
The coriander used as an embellishment in the dish must be known to everyone, and the real name of the coriander is "coriander" and "yán sui", and it is estimated that young people rarely hear about it now. There is also the fact that if the pot on the table is cold, the waiter will often take it and then "boil". Simmer, heat up food and other things. Whether the steamed bun is made well depends on whether the dough is cooked or not, and here "rubbing" means pressing and kneading with the hand.
Nowadays, the use of unblanched water before stir-frying has always been a topic of conversation on the table. Blanching means putting the vegetables in boiling water and boiling them slightly before fishing them out. Is the yellow croaker fried or white? They will also disagree. 汆, which means to boil the water on a high fire, add fish, and add seasoning when the water is boiled again. Similar to 汆, "氽" means to fry in oil. Steamed buns in oil, peanuts and rice in oil, and twist flowers are made more crisp with oil, which can still be heard occasionally on the streets of Huangchuan.
At a dinner party, we talked about so many words that sound very dialectic. In fact, the pronunciation of these words is not only said by the people of Gwangju, but also in other parts of the country, which are part of the official language. With the advancement of social modernization and the application of science and technology in daily life, some manual work and tools in the agricultural era have been gradually eliminated, and the corresponding language expression has slowly disappeared. Suddenly heard on special occasions, often will evoke people's nostalgia, especially those who are wandering in foreign lands, nostalgia is even stronger!