Now commonly cultivated on the market is the northern cordyceps (also known as cordyceps militaris), planting the main need to pay attention to:
1. Select high-quality liquid strains;
2, choose the appropriate medium formula, sterilization should be thorough;
3. When inoculating and raising bacteria, the temperature should be controlled within 18 °C;
4. Attention should be paid to oxygenation, lighting, water, ventilation and temperature change during the grass and grass production period.
But if you plant Cordyceps sinensis, it is difficult, and after so many years of research, there is no stable planting method.
<h1>First, this bug is not ordinary</h1>
Cordyceps sinensis is formed by cordyceps fungus parasitizing manta moth larvae in alpine meadow soils, making the larvae rigid, and under suitable conditions, the long rod-like substrats are spun from the end of the zombie's head in summer.
So we see Cordyceps sinensis divided into two sections: one is the insect body, and the other is the substation.
The larvae of the bat moth in the body part of the insect body are mainly distributed in the mountains at medium altitude, and the species are relatively rare. It was once introduced to the north, but it failed because the reproduction of this insect was harsh on the environment.
Recent bat moth rearing studies have shown that:
1. Manta moths spend 98% of their lives in the soil, so the soil is one of the keys to artificial rearing. The most suitable for manta moths to grow is alpine meadow soil; followed by flowing rock beaches and meadow mixed soils; and third is alpine brown forest soils, other soils can cause manta moths to grow poorly.
2, feed selection is exquisite. Manta moth larvae prefer to eat the young shoots of round ears, pearl buds, astragalus, rhubarb, small yellow and other plants; if there is no such plant, it can be reared with young buds of grasses (barley, malt, grain buds), cruciferous and sedge family. In low- and medium-altitude areas, it is also possible to survive by raising soil rhubarb, carrots, white radish, sweet potatoes, potatoes, apples, etc.
3, temperature and humidity have strict requirements. Manta moths are resistant to low temperatures and afraid of high temperatures, and are suitable for growing in an environment of 15-19 °C; the most suitable relative humidity is 75-85%, and the soil moisture content is 40-45%.
<h1>Second, the success rate of vaccination is low</h1>
According to the research results of Chongqing Institute of Chinese Medicine, the main way for Cordyceps sinensis to invade the larvae of manta moths is through oral feeding, entering the digestive tract with food, and then entering the blood cavity through the inner wall of the digestive tract.
Mycelium develops in the blood cavities, intertwines into sclerotia, and sclerotia germinate to produce décoids, which are eventually possible, note, the formation of Cordyceps sinensis.
<h1>Third, vaccination and infection is one thing, whether it can grow or not is another matter</h1>
Through the unremitting efforts of researchers, it was found that the most suitable for mycelial infection is the 3-4 year old larvae, and the whole process of cordyceps sinensis infecting the host larvae takes 50 days to half a year, which can make the host infection rate reach more than 90%.
This time span is large, some of which are not well understood, and detailed processes about the invasion of cordyceps bacteria into host larvae are still being studied.
The cultivation of bacteria and grass of Northern Cordyceps need to pay attention to oxygenation, lighting, hydration, ventilation and temperature change, Cordyceps sinensis is more rare, the factors that affect its grass are only a lot more, the plateau environment wants to be completely simulated is not very realistic, the grass rate can not be controlled, failure is very normal.
Cordyceps sinensis has been over-mined because of its excellent medicinal value, the ecological environment has deteriorated, and natural resources have been depleted day by day, and there are already artificially cultivated cordyceps on the market mixed with wild cordyceps for sale.
But current artificial cultivation has not yet been fully successful.
The reason is due to the lack of understanding of the fungal pathogenicity of Cordyceps sinensis in the process of host infection, the adaptability of high-altitude ecological environment and the genetic basis behind it.
In a recent paper on Cordyceps sinensis in Science, Researchers in China and the United States identified a reference genome map of Cordyceps sinensis, which laid a solid foundation for the analysis of fungal pathogenicity, high-altitude ecological adaptation and its population genetics at the genomic level.