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Author: Li Shiji
"Suolin Bag" is one of the representative works of Teacher Cheng Yanqiu, which was written and performed in 1941. This play is sung much more than the average play. Teacher Cheng has put a lot of effort into singing, many of which come from tunes such as Zizi, Big Drum, Yue Opera, etc., and some borrow from Western songs. This is not a rigid set, but melted into the Peking Opera singing voice.
I remember that Teacher Cheng often said: "After absorbing people's cavity, after digestion and artistic processing, we make a new cavity suitable for our Peking Opera, which makes people feel good, but we must not let people hear that this cavity is a zizi, a big drum and other tones." "The singing voice of "Suolin Capsule" has a lot of reform and rich development in the Peking Opera singing voice, which is the creation of Mr. Cheng.
It is precisely because this play is new and complex, so it is more difficult to learn to sing this play. When I first learned, I felt that I was "not enough qi", and sometimes I encountered some twists and turns, and it was difficult for me to sing it in one breath, and it was very uncomfortable.
Cheng Yanqiu's "Suolin Capsule"
But Teacher Cheng solved it in a few words, he said:
"Many people say that singing Cheng Lu will choke to death, I have sung for decades and have not choked to death, nor have I heard of a person who choked to death for the sake of singing Cheng Cav. Why can't I die? The main thing is to use the air port appropriately and skillfully. Many very long voices, don't say that you can't sing it in one breath, even I can't sing it in one breath. When singing this kind of cavity, the preparation work should be done well, first change the breath, then hold the breath, and never collapse the breath, so that there is full preparation.
"There are also many air vents when singing, and these air ports should be replaced by clever and natural, so that people cannot hear the air ports, which is called stealing breath, singing the last tone before stealing breath more heavily, stealing a breath and then connecting it with a small tone. In this way, the audience can not hear that you are breathing, but the feeling is one breath, the cavity is smooth and good, the subtlety is infinite, but the cavity must be light and heavy, and the word must be heavy in each spout and retract clearly. Sing my voice, the most taboo is like malaria. The word must be straight, and the cavity must be round. The word can make people hear clearly, and the cavity can be pleasing to the ear. So light is only the cavity, and the word must be heavy.
"Each word should be divided into three parts: 'head, abdomen, and tail', for example, the 'spring' character like 'Spring and Autumn Pavilion' should be divided into three parts: 'district, dependence, and connotation'. You can't immediately pronounce 'spring', you have to put it and receive it. Wait until one word is completely collected, and then spit out the second word. No matter how fast or slow the size, be sure to retract clearly. The ruler that encounters the sound is high, easy to hear clearly, some can not be too fierce, if the low ruler must be fierce, the lower the cavity, the more vigorous.
"For example, the word 'seek' sung like 'looking for the ball' is 'I have to put bold four to look for', that is, the sound is very low to be sung, otherwise it will make people inaudible and not good. Any tone of the voice, not straight up and down like steel, with a wavy water tone. This kind of water sound is difficult to master, not too big, big there are edges and angles are not round, too small to make people feel that the sound is trembling, and it is not good. After a sentence is sung or a few words are sung, the last word of the door must be picked up.
"For example: 'In a flash, the previous situation is ...', 'In a flash' when the last note is sung, you must pick up a little, you can't overheat, you can't be insufficient. When singing, we must pay attention to 'suppressing the rise and falling', sometimes like the flowing water of the mountains, sometimes like the pearls falling on the jade plate.
"What is in charge of all this is thoughts and feelings, such as singing the four-flat tune 'Afraid of flowing water...' to experience the pampering of a pampered lady from a high-gate household who can't get her beloved things." Spring and Autumn Pavilion's should be emotional with curiosity. After six years of marriage, the appearance must have the feelings of a loving mother doting on the child. When 'sending a big water', we must experience the mood of a young lady who is sad and lonely for the first time.
"Erhuang slow plate 'in a flash' sadness and regret are rushing into the heart. At the final reunion, the mood when seeing the mother, husband, and son is also different, and the tunes sung are of course different. In short, each scene has its own different scene, each sentence has its different emotions and meanings, to understand the thoughts and emotions of the people in the play at that time, in order to make the singing out of the voice moving, otherwise it is empty and boring. ”
What a valuable experience, this remark became the essence for me to sing "Suolin Bag" and learn Mr. Art.
("Cheng Yanqiu's Stage Art")