Huang Chao, who served as Zhang Guotao's secretary, director of the Political Department of the Seventy-third Division of the Red Fourth Front, director of the Political Department of the Red Thirty-first Army, secretary general of the Sichuan-Shaanxi Provincial Soviet Government and the Central Military Commission, secretary general of the Northwest Revolutionary Military Commission, political commissar of the Fifth Red Army, and political commissar of the Red Fifth Army of the Western Route Army, was Zhang Guotao's right and left arm. In the spring of 1938, Huang Chao was wrongfully killed by Wang Ming, who had returned from the Soviet Union, on charges of "Trotskyism." In 1978, Huang Chao was posthumously recognized as a revolutionary martyr.
Huang Chao, born in 1906 in Guizhou, actively participated in progressive organizations and student movements led by the Communist Party of China while studying.
In 1925, he joined the May Thirtieth Movement in Shanghai and later joined the Communist Party of China. After the defeat of the Revolution, he was sent to study at the Eastern University in the Soviet Union and returned to China in 1930.
In February 1931, Huang Chao became the secretary of the Organization Department of the CPC Guangdong Provincial Committee. Two months later, he went to the Eyu-Anhui Central Branch of the CPC to do organizational work, and soon became Zhang Guotao's secretary, and in the winter of the same year, he became the secretary-general of the Political Department of the Military Committee of the Eyu-Anhui Branch of the CPC.
After 1933, Huang Chao successively served as the director of the Political Department of the 73rd Division of the Red Fourth Front, the director of the Political Department of the Red 31st Army, the secretary general of the Sichuan-Shaanxi Provincial Soviet Government and the Military Commission, and the secretary general of the Northwest Revolutionary Military Commission. He is a member of the Cpc Sichuan-Shaanxi Provincial Committee, a standing committee member, and an executive member of the Sichuan-Shaanxi Provincial Soviet Government.
In May 1935, Huang Chao accompanied the Red Fourth Front on the Long March. After the Red Fourth Front met with the CPC Central Committee and the Central Red Army, he supported Zhang Guotao's act of splitting the Party and the Red Army.
In September of the same year, he was transferred to the political commissar of the Fifth Red Army, actively implementing Zhang Guotao's order to fight in the south of Sichuan Andkangbian, and serving as the political commissar of the Jinchuan Military Region.
In June 1936, Huang Chao went north with the Red Fourth Front. In October, the Red Fifth Army crossed the Yellow River in the west and was incorporated into the Western Route Army, and Huang Chao served as the political commissar of the Red Fifth Army.
In January 1937, Dong Zhentang, commander of the Fifth Red Army, commanded the troops to fight a bloody battle on Gaotai for several days, and Huang Chao's command mistakes caused the death of the military commander Dong Zhentang and yang Keming, director of the military political department.
In March of the same year, he was appointed as a member of the Working Committee of the Western Route Army of the Communist Party of China. After the defeat of the Western Route Army in April, Huang Chao led the rest of his troops to Xinjiang.
In the winter of 1937, Huang Chao was arrested by Wang Ming and others on his way back from the Soviet Union through Urumqi on charges of "Trotskyism", and was mistakenly killed in early 1938.
Wang Ming, also known as Chen Shaoyu, a native of Jinzhai County, Anhui Province, was sent to Moscow by the Hubei Provincial Party Organization in October 1925 to study at Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow, and won the weight of Mifu, then vice president of Sun Yat-sen University.
On January 7, 1931, the Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held under the control of Mif, a representative of the Communist International. Miff suppressed dissenting opinions and allowed Wang Ming, who was not a member of the Central Committee, to enter the core of the central leadership, thus allowing Wang Ming to rule the central government by the erroneous line of "left" for several years.
Zhang Guotao's "My Memories" wrote, "Wang Ming told me that Li Te and Huang Chao were Trotskyists, and that they had confessed to being Trotskyists after being interrogated by Deng Fa in Dihua (Urumqi, Xinjiang) and had been executed. ”
Zhang Guotao's memoirs also said: "I was greatly stimulated by the fact that Wang Ming had cathartic to me, and his intention to follow Stalin in purging the Trotskyists. ”
In the spring of 1938, Wang Ming returned to Yan'an after six years of work in the Comintern. As soon as Wang Ming returned, he presided over a meeting of the Politburo in Yan'an.
In the group photo of the Politburo meeting held in Yan'an in December 1937, Wang Ming sat in the middle of the front row.
After the Yan'an rectification in 1942, Wang Ming, who had been extremely popular, gradually faded out of the historical stage.
In 1958, Wang Ming settled in the Soviet Union. In March 1974, Wang Ming died of illness in Moscow, a stranger.
Wang Ming is buried in the Moscow Santa Maria Novella Cemetery, where Wang Ming, his wife and daughter are the only Chinese.
In 1978, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee to rehabilitate Huang Chao and posthumously recognize him as a "revolutionary martyr". (Image source network)