This article introduces Yuan Ming's two passages to the famous Shandong poet Li Xianqiao (one of which is the original handwritten copy) and Yuan Ming's "Preface to the Poetry Collection of Xinghu Lake". Liang Yizha and Youwen are quite valuable in the study of Yuan Ming's life, writings, and friendships. Based on this research, we determined the earliest version of "Suiyuan Poetry", clarified the publication time of the two important editions of "Suiyuan Poetry", corrected the vague understanding of the past, and solved the mystery of the century-old problem of the version of "Suiyuan Poetry".
One
One of yuan's most appreciated and closest poets was Li Xianqiao. Li Xianqiao, Zi Qiao, Shaohe, Shandong Gaomiren. He was born in the eleventh year of Qianlong (1746) and died in the fourth year of Jiaqing (1799). In the thirtieth year of Qianlong (1765), he was born of tribute, and in the forty-first year (1776), he summoned a test to raise people and went to Guangxi to return to The Prefecture of Shun. Li Xianqiao and his two older brothers were good at poetry, and both had poetry collections passed down, known as "Three Li". Regarding Li Xianqiao's writings, Fellow Villager Shan Zhao wrote in the Preface to Li Shaohe's Poetry Collection ("Shaohe Poetry Banknote", Guangxu Twelfth Year Xi'an County Zhai Journal): "Shaohe died, and Yu was the school's posthumous text. The poems such as (if) dry scrolls, Fusong essays (若) dry scrolls, One volume of longchuan miscellaneous records, one volume of "Tan A Collection", written as 帙. He also wrote "The Poetry Sutra Straight Talk" before it was completed. Recently, some scholars believe that "Han Shi Fei Shu Shu" is also written by Li Xianqiao. (Note: Guo Junjie. The real author of "Han Shi Fei Shu" is Li Xianqiao, Journal of Capital Normal University, 1995(3).)
In front of Yuan Ming's "Xiaocang Shanfang Poetry Collection" (Wang Yingzhi edited "The Complete Collection of Yuan Ming" (I), Jiangsu Ancient Books Publishing House, 1993 edition), three people's inscriptions were collected: one was Jiang Shiquan, one was Zhao Yi, and the other was Li Xianqiao. In addition, Li Xianqiao also has one more "Poetry Praise with the Garden". Yuan Ming, together with Zhao Yi and Jiang Shiquan, was called the Qianlong Three Greats, headed by Yuan Ming. Yuan Ming juxtaposed Li Xianqiao with them, which shows Li Xianqiao's position in Yuan Ming's mind and his influence at that time. Yuan Ming's "Xiaocang Shanfang Poetry Collection" has a long poem to Li Xianqiao, "Cen Xi ordered Li Junziqiao to give molestation to Mengjia in the boat but sent it". Shi Yun: "Li Hou showed me a hundred poems, and the ancients have died and are suddenly there." According to the Records of Gaomi County (Taiwan Chengwen Publishing House, June 1976 edition), Li Xianqiao "When Henzag Cen Xi was in xi, Yuan Zicai traveled to western Guangdong, saw his poems, and sighed: Su Zi Zhanye of the present day." Yuan Ming talked about Li Xianqiao many times in his Suiyuan Poetry (People's Literature Publishing House, 1962 edition), and also included poems by Li Xianqiao and his brother Li Xianxiao in volume 10 (paragraph 69): "Li Huaimin (Li Xianxia character Huaimin - the author's note) and Di Xianqiao ('bridge' is the mistake of 'Qiao', the same below - the author's note) chose the Tang people's main guest map, with Zhang Shuibu and Jia Changjiang factions as the main factions, and the rest of the people as guests; Huaimin gave a pot of Guiyun: "Sending flowers is like a married woman, when you look out the door, your hands are pointed at the dew, and your heart is shaking the distant branches." Send Zhang Mingfu Yun: "In the county, there is often nothing to do, and there is only one body at home." Accompany a boat for a month, out to send the city full of people. Xian Qiao Yong Heyun: "Even if you teach, you will always have a high heart," "I have been near the water for a long time, but I only feel that it is difficult to be close to others." 'Li Xia Hall ( 'Hall' is the mistake of 'pavilion' - author's note) Yun: "Horse food invaded the soap snow, and the officials swept through the steps. Sending people to the clouds: "The dream of returning to the dream again is, and the number of words is this life." 'The duo fruit has the flavor of Jia and Zhang. ”
Although Yuan Ming said, "Li Hou showed me a hundred poems", the only thing we can see now is "Yong Sui Garden Sick Crane": "Idle Garden leaves sick cranes, and yan tramples on the oblique." It is difficult to be strong, and it is still overwhelming to look at the group. After the pine fell snow, the water was envied and returned to the clouds. Mo Wei groaned bitterly, and I only looked like a king. (See "Shaohe Poetry Notes", vol. 9, p. 6) This may be because Li Xianqiaoke died elsewhere, and the poem manuscripts are scattered.
Two
The letters written by Yuan Ming are both literary and thoughtful, very distinctive, and occupy a very heavy weight in his works. In the various editions of the book "Yuan Ming Zhi Mu" that have been published so far, there are two messages addressed to Li Xianqiao: "Reply to Li Shaohe Book" and "Reply to Li Shaohe Again". Recently, we found a letter from the "Records of Gaomi County" to Li Xianqiao, and found an original handwritten manuscript in the Qingren's collection. Judging from the content of the letter, it is indeed a precious material for Yuan Ming's research. The full text of the letter is as follows (punctuation added by the author):
First pass
Yuan Mei prayed
H.E. Mr. Shaohe,
On the first day of the month, the person who received the surname Tang sent a handwritten letter, such as Zhou Yafu's soldiers descending from the sky, very happy. Mrs. Wen has another letter of death, and the seventy-year-old man cannot cross the frontier and hang, and this heart is lacking. Servant Jinzi", "Poetry of Suiyuan", twenty volumes. The fragments of the Xiankun Ji [1] have been scattered among them. It can be completed this winter and next spring, that is, when it is sent. However, when I heard that Your Excellency had entered the capital on the same day, I did not know where to make up for it, and I was deeply troubled. If you hope to supplement the two provinces of Jiangsu and Zhejiang, the old man may have a period of meeting; otherwise, he will recite the poems of Zheng Guangwen [2]. The servant suffered from summer diarrhea in the summer, and the abdominal disease is still unclear, which is the natural reason for this decline. The deceased are like this, without a single concern. Confucius said, "The precepts are in the attainment." "The so-called winner is not only the one who is greedy for riches, but also the one who is greedy for eternal life and immortality, and who is also great and who is ordained." The servant has been a saint for one year,[3] and Shakya is three years old,[4] which is not enough. In the heart of the commission, let the luck stay in it. The "Records of Famous Eunuchs" and "Epitaphs" have been collected. Ming Gao secret door wind, the light is far away, in addition to reading, there is still no word. Letter of resignation, attached to the near security.
August 2 [5] ("Yuan Zicai" and "Articles as Faces" Two Seals)
Mr. Holy Spring[6] handwriting is particularly rare, thank you. (outside the stationery border)
exegesis:
[1] Xian Jikun: Refers to Li Xianqiao and his brothers Li Xianxiao and Li Xianxuan.
[2] This refers to Du Fu's "Sending Zheng Eighteen Piety to Degrade the Taizhou Sihu to Hurt His Old Man and Fall into The Thief's Cause" as a Face Farewell In Poetry".
[3] Add a year of sainthood: The annals of Yuan Ming compiled by Mr. Yang Honglie and Mr. Fang Junshi, although the birth years are different, they are all called "Fifty-four years of Qianlong ... Sir is seventy-four years old. ”
[4] Three years of shakyamuni: The year of Shakyamuni's birth and death varies, but it is generally believed that the Buddha's life expectancy is 79 or 80 years. Yuan Ming's memory was wrong. In his writings, Yuan Ming has a mistake in time, more than one place.
[5] August 2: August 2, 1789 in the Gregorian calendar, is August 29, 1789 in the Gregorian calendar.
[6] Mr. Shengquan: i.e. Ying Xiang Weng, Yuan Huangyaren, Zi Jingze, then known as Mr. Shengquan, author of "The Origin of The True Purpose of Easy Learning" and "Sacred Spring Style".
Second pass
Yuan Ming replied to Li Xianqiao's book
Deacon Ziqiao: On October 19[1], Guilin Shou sent a handwritten book of poems. "Jiao's Yilin" Yun: "What I like, my mouth often wants to laugh." "Sure enough, the ancient sound is bright. Such as playing the piano of Fuxi, drumming the woman's sergeant, full of vigor and sound are suitable. This body began in Gule Province and was in Han Changli. No one else can do it, and no one else can give it away. Who is the servant who enjoys this high profile? Thanksgiving, I don't feel the first place. If it is intentional or unintentional, it is created for talents. Friends and friends are in rendezvous, if they know, if they are unknowable. With the height of the deacon's talent, he will not make him ascend to the Golden Gate and practice the Jade Hall, but make him succumb to the state and county, and he will not make it finally in the rocky ravine, but it is the unintentional and intentional of the heavens. The servant is on the left side of the river, the west of the junguan Yue, and the road is thousands of miles away. At the age of seventy, the monks met Rei Akiya. But suddenly came to Guilin, shook hands and rejoiced, and was already strange; but three or four times I saw each other and said goodbye. If you don't send the boat away[2] and you can't see it again, it is heaven if it is known, if it is unknowable. Woohoo! Why can the sages establish the righteousness of good friends, but obey the orders of if they are intentional or unintentional, if they know, if they are unknowable! Quiet words and thoughts, not without shame. And Gong Huang Huimin's government, Yuan Bai sang and sang the chapter, although the number of Yang Jiu could not be passed, so that there was no transmission. The king is trapped in the wind and dust, and the servant is wounded late, so as to solve himself, he can also be complete. Yet a laugh. The Second Servant of the Seventh Branch[3] the Younger Servant was nine years old. The epitaph of the contemptuous servant shall be the elegy of the canal. Unexpectedly, it did the opposite. Although the so-called Xun Jun of the ancients was entrusted with few things after the fact, Zhong Jun believed in it. See Hui's "Lotus Pond" and "YuXi" two episodes, Qin Qin has a taste, when collected into the poetry, to be widely circulated. Suo Humble draft, because the frozen ink is difficult to brush, first presented two copies of "Four Six" and two copies of "Youshan Poems", and asked for training. He also submitted a "Preface to the Poetry of the Heart", which was composed in the boat last year, and has not yet received the letter of death in the heart. The deacon should read it and mourn it. The road is long gone, and if there is a German tone, it still frequently sends me hopes.
[1] October 19: Yang Honglie's Commentary on Yuan Ming (Wenhai Publishing House, Taiwan) "Chapter 2 Almanac" states that "Qianlong Forty-nine Years, Jiachen (1784). Sir is sixty-nine years old. ...... In September, he went from Guangdong to Guilin. According to this, it can be seen that this note was written on October 19, 49 of Qianlong, that is, on December 1, 1784 in the Gregorian calendar.
[2] Yuan Ming's poem "Cen Xi Ordered Li Junzi Qiao to Give Meng Jia a Gift to the Boat but Sent" is to write about this matter.
[3] Xinyu Taishi: jiang shiquan, the word xinyu, the word 苕年, the number Qingrong, also known as Zhiyuan, Jiangxi Leadshanren, and Yuan Ming, Zhao Yi called Yuan, Jiang, and Zhao Three. There have always been two theories about the year of his birth and death: one says that he was born in the third year of Yongzheng and died in the fifty years of Qianlong; the other is said to have been born in the third year of Yongzheng and died in the forty-ninth year of Qianlong. From this letter, there is a "nother note presented in the "Preface to the Poetry of the Heart", which was written in the boat last year, and it is not yet known that he died in the forty-ninth year of Qianlong.
[4] The Liantang Relics were written by Li Xianxuan and have an engraving of The Twelve Years of Guangxu in Xi'an County. The "Yuxi Collection" was composed by Shan Zongyuan and has an engraving of Li Huaimin's Gubaitang in the forty-third year of Qianlong. Shan Zongyuan, Zi Shaobo, Li Xianqiao fellow townspeople. Gong poetry, good at calligraphy. "Sex is especially lonely, closed to sex, hungry to eat wood leaves in the garden." (Li Xianxuan's Biography of Mr. Shan Shaobo, in Gaomi County Chronicle, vol. 3, p. 1233)
Both of them talked about the Poetry of Suiyuan. Qianlong's letter in the 49th year said: "See Hui's two episodes of Lotus Pond and Yuxi, Qin Qin has a taste, and when it is collected into poetry, it will be widely circulated." Qianlong's letter of fifty-four years informs that "the fragments of the Xiankun Ji have been scattered among them. It can be completed this winter and next spring, that is, when it is sent. ”
Three
Mr. Wu Yanhong discovered a passage by Yuan Ming: "Preface to the Poetry Collection of Star Lake". Yuan Ming said in the preface: "Cao Xinghu MingFu slaughtered Rugao with Jiang Youxiao Lian, and sang sexually. Five years ago, Yu had carved his best sentences into poetry. Now sent in full manuscript, Yu Siyanao is the most prosperous, the Ming Dynasty can rule it, the Qinge wine is not a little tired, and its divine consciousness is different! "The last preamble is signed" Ten days after the spring of the first year of Jiaqing, with the old man yuan in the garden, there is one in the eightieth year." (Note: Yuan Mei. Preface to the Poetry collection of Star Lake. Literature, 1994(2).)
Yuan Ming carved into the poem Cao Xinghu Mingfu's good sentences, we in the year of Qianlong Nongzi (54; 1792) engraved "Suiyuan Poetry Supplement" Volume II found. The transcription is as follows:
Cao Xinghu Mingfu poem, fresh and gratifying, near Mongolian sent. Record its good sentence cloud: "The sound of bamboo arrives with the rain, and the flower shadow sends the sun to come." "The frost is thick on the ground, and the trees are bald to reduce the sound of the wind." "Flowers should be planted densely when the window is used, and grass is not in the way." Both can be stored. Yu sex is cool, and he is most afraid of being inexpensive in the car. Cao Youyun said: "The horizon of ordinary life is too obscured, why should the wind and snow be on one side." "It's just right for disdain. (Note: "Suiyuan Poetry Supplement", People's Literature Publishing House, 1962 edition, volume 2.)
Four
The earliest edition of the Suiyuan Poetry, the Book Seller's Tale, is recorded as follows: "Suiyuan Poetry Sixteen Volumes of Supplementary Notes, Ten Volumes of Qiantang Yuan, Qianlong Gengzhi to Nongzi XiaocangShanfang Journal"; "Bibliography of Ancient Chinese Books" is: "Suiyuan Poetry" Sixteen Volumes of "Supplementary Notes" Ten, Qianlong Fifty-five and Fifty-seven Years Xiaocangshan Self-engraved Edition." Professor Wang Yingzhi, editor-in-chief of the Complete Works of Yuan Ming, also believes that the earliest engraving of the Suiyuan Poetry is the Suiyuan Engraving in the Fifty-fifth Year of Qianlong (1790) ... The Tenth Volume of the "Poetry Supplement" has Ding Wei, that is, The Second Year of Jiaqing (1797) Yan Xiaoqiu, so the finalization of the "Suiyuan Poetry Supplement" will not be earlier than the second year of Jiaqing. (Foreword to The Complete Works of Yuan Ming). Before seeing Yuan Mingyizha, it was very natural to draw such a conclusion. Now, from Yuan Ming's letter to Li Xianqiao, we know clearly that the time of the first engraving of "Suiyuan Poetry" was before August of Qianlong's fifty-fourth year; from the "Preface to the Poetry collection of Xinghu Lake", we know the time of the second engraving of "Suiyuan Poetry". With these clues, through the comparison and examination of several versions of the "Suiyuan Poetry" in the collection, we found a version that was obviously earlier than the so-called "Qianlong Fifty-Five Year Inscribed Version": Qianlong Fifty-four Years (1789), Qianlong Fifty-six Years (1791) intermittently completed, Kokura Shanfang carved towel box "Suiyuan Poetry" sixteen volumes, "Suiyuan Poetry Supplement" four volumes. The later sixteen volumes of "Suiyuan Poetry" and the ten volumes of "Suiyuan Poetry Supplement" are not engraved in the fifty-fifth year of Qianlong (1790), but were carved by Qianlong Fifty-seventh (1792). Moreover, the main compilation and the supplement were not engraved in two parts, but were engraved with the final draft, and were completed after the second year of Jiaqing (1797). Its form of "orthodox compilation" and "supplement" is completely modeled on the Qianlong Fifty-fourth Year (1789) Xiaocang Mountain House carved towel box book.
Source: Journal of Ancient Book Collation and Research
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