<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="1" > lingshou (thirty-eight) that you may not know about</h1>
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="2" > The ancient Order Lu Longqi</h1>
Text/Cui Jinshan Collected and sorted
(2) To moralize the people's customs
Lu Longqi was the most famous theorist of the Qing Dynasty. Its handling of affairs also follows the way of Confucius and Mencius, and persuades people to be kind, believing that in this way can they create a good atmosphere of etiquette and law for the country, thereby consolidating the stability of the country and the harmony of society.
When Lu Longqi first arrived in Jiading Dangzhi County, due to the chaos of the war, hundreds of industries were abandoned, the grass in the farmland was higher than the people, some strong hungry people fell into the grass, and thieves ran rampant in Jiading, so Lu Longqi arrested a large number of robbers and stuffed the prison house. In order to put an end to the scourge of thieves, he first wrote a "Letter of Persuasion to Thieves" on the basis of attacking the heart, and then asked the messenger to dig up a lot of yellow neem heads and marinate them in salt water. A few days later, he ordered his servants to distribute the neem head to the thieves in prison. The prisoners ate inexplicably. After eating, he asked the prisoners, "How does neem taste?" The prisoners replied, "First bitter and then sweet." Lu Longqi took out the "Persuasion to Thieves" and read it aloud: "Er, waiting for a thought, uneasy about physiology, doing illegal things, and now suffering a lot." However, people's hearts are uncertain, as long as they correct this heart, enlighten their conscience, and become a new person, they can still start a family. Reading this, the prisoners all laughed: "We are all locked up in a cage by you, how to start a family?" Lu Longqi said, "It is really helpless for this officer to lock you up." But you are like the neem you just ate, first bitter and then sweet. Now, there are so many unowned wastelands, and this official is ready to release the people who have no bloody cases and distribute the wasteland to you, so that you don't have to pay taxes for a year. The prisoners shouted, "Good! "Lu Longqi released the prisoners and gave them land to plant, and in addition to the smooth wind and rain this year, they were happy to have a good harvest. Life was settled, thieves plummeted, and the people lived and worked in peace and contentment.
For ordinary people, he was also educated with virtue and was deeply loved by the people. When they encountered a father suing his son, he persuaded them with tears, so that the son supported his father and returned with great respect; when he met his brother suing his brother, he investigated and found that the instigators were tortured with a staff, so that the brothers were reconciled; some evil and young people colluded to commit evil deeds, so they put shackles on them at the intersection and showed them to the public, until they expressed their remorse; in the face of a lawsuit, Lu Longqi did not have to send an errand to arrest people, and those that belonged to the intra-clan disputes were handled by their patriarch; those who belonged to the township disputes were handled by the prestigious squires; and sometimes the plaintiffs were also allowed to handle the lawsuits. Both defendants came to the county court to mediate, and he called this method of mediation "self-pursuit".
After arriving in Lingshou Renzhi County, he took the use of virtue to the extreme. On the way to Lingshou, he saw people standing on the side of the road complaining. When I first arrived in Lingshou, I found that many people had developed the bad habit of heavy wealth and thin righteousness because of poverty and ignorance, and they were accustomed to complaining, so they first guided people to formulate township rules and people's covenants to restrain the people's irregular behavior, and then often at the time of the Chengguan, Ciyu, Nanzhai gathering day or temple fair, publicized morality to the people, promoted good and suppressed evil, strongly advised farming, and wrote an article "Interest Litigation Instructions" to the whole county (see "Lingshou you may not understand" Eleventh), and after a year, the people's customs improved greatly.
Lu Longqi's trial cases are generally mediated first. After listening to the complaints of the two sides, Lu Longqi often did not rush to finalize the case, but patiently advised the two sides: "You are either relatives or friends, not friends or neighbors, and you don't look up to see you on weekdays, and your feelings are also very good, but now you are just arguing over some trivial matters and making trouble in the public court." You are in a hurry, but we need to spend a lot of paper to try the case, the servants need to spend a lot of money to eat, the witnesses have to spend a lot of time to testify to you, and you have to spend a lot of silver to fight the lawsuit, and in the end, you often waste a lot more money in the lawsuit than the little profit you argue. I have seen a lot of cases in which I lost my job because of litigation and eventually led to the destruction of my family and the separation of my wife and daughters, and I still remember them vividly and vividly. And there must be a win or a loss in the judgment of the case, from then on you have changed from a villager to an enemy, and it will be too late to regret it. The law of the land is not imposed on the reasonable person, you go back and think carefully for three days, if you have figured it out, you can withdraw the lawsuit. Listening to the enlightenment, the parties to the lawsuit often shed tears of gratitude and made assurances in the hall that they would be reconciled as they were in the beginning.
There are many stories of Lu Long in Lingshou to deify the people. One day, an old lady sued her son for rebellion. When Lu Longqi saw that his son was still an underage boy, he said to the old lady, "Let your son stay with me for a few days for the time being, and I will educate him." So he ordered the young man to follow him. Lu Longqi waited for the old mother every day, and every time he waited for the old man to finish eating, he went to eat some leftover meals. The old mother was slightly unwell, and Lu Longqi was more concerned about it. After a few days like this, the young man suddenly knelt in front of Lu Longqi and cried, saying, "The little man has always been rude, offended his mother, and regretted everything you did." Later, the young man became a well-known filial piety. Another time, an old farmer told his son to disobey and filial piety. Long Qi summoned his father and son together, and instead of reprimanding or judging, he knew that he was righteous and righteous, and said, "No one complains about this, it is because I, the county, is incompetent, of low moral character, and cannot educate you people, that such a tragedy has occurred between your father and son, and I am ashamed of the people of Lingshou!" The father and son were greatly ashamed and returned with tears of thanks.
Lu Longqi once encountered a case in which his brother sued his brother, he first called the two together, did not ask anything, did not let the two people say anything, just let the brother keep calling his brother, the younger brother kept calling his brother, did not shout enough fifty, the two brothers hugged together, and could not cry. Then, after investigation, he sent someone to find the person who instigated the brothers, and tortured them in the court, and the two brothers were both touched and remorseful, and finally reconciled as before, and the feelings were even better than before.
The most touching story is that there are two brothers, the parents quarrel endlessly, and finally the lawsuit was fought against Long Qi, and Long Qi's left persuasion and right persuasion could not be mediated. Lu Longqi had no choice but to take all the "passing" of the two brothers to himself, and while crying incessantly, he walked out of the house, pounced, and knelt down. At that time, when the sun was scorching and the sun was scorching, it was the middle of the summer, and Lu Longqi put himself under the sun's exposure until the two brothers reconciled. Don't talk about the two brothers, even ordinary people sighed.
In addition to the pain of cutting flesh, it is the pain of taking money. Collecting taxes is the duty of county officials and one of the most difficult mass tasks to do. The "hanging comparison method" he established is also another kind of morality to transform the people. For the people who did not pay taxes, he wrote down his name and registered it in prison, but did not really detain it, but only wrote out the amount owed for comparison, let the people pay it themselves, and paid enough to remove the name in prison. As for the amount to be paid, each person shall report it himself. At the same time, the "Gan Limit Law" was established: the people could receive preferential treatment if they could pay the full amount within the number of self-determined time limits. If the payment is not made, it may be paid later, but the amount owed in the payment is limited, and the payment must be doubled in the future. As the day of paying grain and paying taxes approached, he summoned the people to explain the principle of paying taxes on time: "The money and grain collected from everyone are all state affairs of the imperial court, not the private savings of county officials. If the people pay the money and grain on time, and give the officials less trouble to collect the money, there is also time to do something else for the people. I have no grudges with you, nor do I want to punish the people for taxes. It would be better for everyone to get together as soon as possible so that you and I can finish this matter without incident. The people felt that Lu Longqi's words were very true, and they were happy to accept them. So when he was in office, there were very few cases of tax arrears.
Lu Longqi educated and persuaded both parties to reflect on their respective mistakes, and finally enlightened the people and promoted the customs of the county. His original "self-pursuit law" was not only respected by the Qing Dynasty at that time, but also promoted the development of China's judicial mediation system and occupied an extremely important position in the history of litigation in China's modern and later years. Magnificent, Longqi!