Along the Great Wall, about 65 kilometers long in Beijing's Huairou District, there is a "Royal History Building" that is well known to literary historians and travel enthusiasts. It is located in Bohai Town, Huairou District, at an altitude of 752 meters. In the section of the Wangquanyu Great Wall, where it is located, it has the highest geographical location and the largest building scale, which is a two-story, five-eyed enemy tower (the city tower on the city wall, also called the Tower), and there is a tile house facing north and south on the upper floor, called "LouQiao".
On August 31, the on-site design and reinforcement project of No. 180 Enemy Platform (Yushi Building) of the Great Wall in Huairou, Beijing was handed over, marking the official start of the project. This is one of the 10 Great Wall rescue projects in Beijing this year, and after the rescue and reinforcement, the Yushi Building will maintain the status quo and will not continue to collapse and be damaged.
The relevant personnel inspected the dangerous situation in the Imperial History Building and studied the construction plan. (From Beijing Daily)
On the morning of the 31st, the Huairou District Cultural Relics Institute organized project design, construction, supervision and Beijing Municipal Cultural Relics Project Quality Supervision Station and other personnel, starting from Dahaoyu Village in Bohai Town, climbed the Great Wall on the ridge from the foot of the mountain, and then continued to climb east along the eastern section of Xiangshui Lake, climbing for nearly two hours on the Great Wall with serious steps damage, partial collapse of the wall, and overgrown weeds on the horse road, and finally reached enemy platform No. 180. Everyone checked the dangerous situation above and below the enemy platform and the city wall, compared with the design drawings, and elaborated on the construction plan.
Hand-painted restoration of the Imperial History Building. (Courtesy of Mutianyu Great Wall Scenic Area)
"Royal History Building". (From Beijing Daily)
Enemy Platform No. 180 is located on the ridge at an altitude of 774 meters on the south side of Zhuanghu Village in Bohai Town, and is the highest enemy platform in the Zhuanghu section, and is known as the "Imperial History Building" in the folk. "Imperial History" is an ancient official position in China, responsible for supervising hundreds of officials. So, why is this great wall enemy tower named after the word "royal history"? What exactly does it have to do with the "Imperial History"?
This may be explained by a stone tablet in the building. Mr. Luo Zhewen, a well-known Great Wall expert, identified that this stone stele is a monument erected by the Ming Dynasty to rectify the border of Jizhou and patrol The Shun Tianfu. Today, the stele has been buried, but the full text of the inscription is recorded in the book "Integration of Huairou Cultural Relics", compiled in 1998, which mentions the names of many imperial historians: Qin Cha, Governor Jiliao Baoding and other military affairs and grain pay, Bingbu Shangshu and Duchayuan Right Deputy Capital Yushi, Zhending Liang Menglong; It is speculated that the "Imperial History Building" may have been named after it.
Imperial History Monument (taken before it was buried) (from the website of the State Supervision Commission of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection)
The base of No. 180 Enemy Platform is 12.97 meters long from east to west, 12.62 meters wide from north to south, and the construction area is 293.06 square meters. It is a Chinese-style cloister-type hollow enemy platform, with a landing gate on the southeast and southwest sides. There is a shop house at the top of the enemy platform, a hard hill house on the southeast and southwest corners of the city entrance, and a shadow wall in the middle of the south side of the battlement wall.
The construction process of No. 180 enemy platform is more delicate, and the stone at the base of the platform adopts the method of chopping axes to form a regular axe chisel pattern on the surface of the stone; the upper wall and the upper part of the base are decorated with diamond angle eaves and other components, the stone drainage ditch is unique in shape, the coupon window and the arrow mouth diamond angle eaves are arranged in an orderly manner and very beautiful; the symmetrical arrangement of the east and west entrance and the setting of the middle barrier wall (shadow wall) also reflect a certain order, the curvature of the ticket door and the ticket window, the setting and undulation of the battlement wall, the lookout hole, the perforation brick decoration, etc. have a heavy sense of history. Here you can fully appreciate the artistic value of the ancient Great Wall.
"The overall structure of No. 180 enemy platform is special, and the shop houses, dengchengkou, etc. are relatively complete, the original layout is clear, it is a rare hollow enemy platform with a complete layout and clear regulations in the Huairou section of the Great Wall, which has scarcity and particularity, and the No. 180 enemy platform is an indispensable part of the study of the single layout of the enemy platform and the overall culture of the Great Wall." Zhang Tong, director of the Huairou District Cultural Relics Institute, introduced.
After more than 500 years of wind and rain, the roof of the No. 180 enemy platform shop has collapsed, and the east and west gables of the shop have different degrees of external flashing, and the tip of the west gable has disappeared. The enemy platform and the side wall ground rubble and overburden accumulation, shrubs, the original drainage system has failed. On the east side wall of Enemy No. 180, there was also a strip of stone on the surface of the outer wall that fell off in a large area and fell into the valley, revealing fragments of internal rubble, like piercing scars.
The scope of the rescue reinforcement includes the No. 180 enemy platform and the east (174 linear meters) and west (44 linear meters) side walls. The project will clean up the existing enemy platform and border walls, find out the original outline, retrieve the collapsed masonry; dredge the waterways blocked by floating soil and vegetation to ensure that the enemy taiwan city wall does not accumulate water; strengthen and return the drum flash, collapsed wall and arch and other structures, eliminate the safety hazard of the enemy taiwan wall continuing to collapse, so that the existing wall can achieve structural stability. At the same time, restore its display and pass functions.
Editor: Pendin
Photo: From Beijing Daily, Mutianyu Great Wall Scenic Area, and the website of the State Supervision Commission of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection