On September 29, 1945, the Kuomintang and the Communists reached a stalemate in Chongqing. In a fit of rage, Chiang Kai-shek listed the 11 counts of the Chinese Communist Party in his diary and threatened to detain and try Chairman Mao.
On September 30, Chiang Kai-shek again mentioned Chairman Mao in his diary. He said: "It is impossible to judge that there is no way for a man to succeed." ”
One person wrote down his mortal opponent in a diary, jokingly saying that the matter of judging his opponent was already very childish.
Sure enough, the Chongqing negotiations had not yet ended, and Chiang Kai-shek could not sit still. He spoke highly of Chairman Mao and said that Mao Zedong was a man who could not be underestimated.
In his eyes, Chairman Mao transformed from a worthless waste into an infinite number of elites. Just a negotiation? Why would Chiang Kai-shek give such a contrasting evaluation?
During the Chongqing negotiations, what actions did Chairman Mao make Chiang Kai-shek have such a huge change in his views on him? What was the reason why Chiang Kai-shek was still palpitating when he left Chongqing? Why is it said that Chairman Mao used a cigarette to scare off Chiang Kai-shek?
Those who are familiar with Chairman Mao know that the Chairman has three major hobbies in his life. Of course not smoking, drinking and perming, but reading, swimming and smoking. Some people say that Chairman Mao never cut off a cigarette in his hand, and whenever he saw him, he was either smoking or on his way to smoke.
The chairman's smoking age is very long, he has been smoking before he went to Jinggangshan, and the smoking age is at least 60 years.
When the Autumn Harvest Uprising of 1927 broke out, Chairman Mao went to Jinggangshan with his troops and established the first rural revolutionary base area in Jinggangshan. After setting a precedent for the base area, he found that he was facing more and more problems. In order to think of a revolutionary future, he must always be sober. Smoking is a very good option, low cost and refreshing.
Chairman Mao's servicemen also often said that when Chairman Mao marched to fight a war, three things were his magic weapons, one was a document map, one was a radio station, and the other was his "big smoking gun."
Of course, Chairman Mao also encountered many interesting things because of smoking. When he was in Yan'an, Chairman Mao received an old gentleman who had known him for many years and suddenly became addicted to smoking. But when I opened the cigarette box, I found that there was only one cigarette left in the cigarette box.
At this time, Chairman Mao's high emotional intelligence played a role, and he did not panic and find someone to pick up a new box of cigarettes, nor did he blame the police officer for not confirming in advance, but only lightly divided the remaining cigarette in the cigarette box into equal two equal parts. One copy was handed to the old man, and one was reserved for himself. And laughed and said, "Don't you see this is killing two birds with one stone?"
Although it was a small joke, it defused the awkward atmosphere at the time, and the chairman neither troubled the guards nor defused the embarrassing scene at that time.
No one knows, in fact, cigarettes at that time were a luxury. In that era of extreme material shortage, war could be fought at any time. Even if the chairman is more honorable than others, the cigarettes he can get are not cigars, but extremely rough local smoke, and more often than not, he can only roll cigarettes by hand.
When stationed in Yan'an, the chairman's residence often had a long bamboo basket on the outside, and all kinds of tobacco leaves were dried inside. In his spare time, the chairman likes to tinker with these tobacco leaves, and he will find some waste paper and roll the tobacco leaves that have been dried into various strips. This kind of entertainment, although very boring and bland, is the only pastime of the chairman.
When describing himself, the chairman often said that he was not only a child who grew up eating a hundred meals, but also a person who grew up smoking a hundred cigarettes. The chairman did not pick, and he gladly accepted whoever handed him a cigarette. In the fields of the countryside, there were often coolies who worked and handed him some homemade local cigarettes, which were very choking and not good for the body, but the chairman did not abandon it once.
Because cigarettes are too scarce, the chairman's addiction is so big that he often smokes until he can no longer smoke and throw them away. Sometimes when he suddenly had to assign any task or conceive something, he would often put the half of the cigarette that had not been smoked, solemnly put it in his pocket, wait for his own smoking addict, and then take it out again to light the fire, which is not a waste at all.
It is no secret that the chairman is addicted to smoking, knowing that he loves to smoke, so wherever he goes, his fellow villagers will kindly hand him cigarettes and talk to him about home.
Chairman Mao always smiled and refused: "You smoke, you smoke, I still have it here." Then he took a cigarette butt that was half-cut or only a cigarette butt left from his pocket and showed it to the crowd with satisfaction.
Smokers always have a tinder in their pockets, and the chairman is no exception. Although he collected many lighters from various battlefields, the lighters were too extravagant and wasteful, so the chairman still chose the most traditional way of lighting, matches. However, there is a disadvantage of match lighting, that is, the fire chip on the matchbox has a service life, and if it is used too much, it will "fail".
It is said that Chairman Mao smoked more than 30 cigarettes a day, and when he encountered any major difficulties, he would smoke more and more intensely, reaching fifty or sixty cigarettes a day at its peak.
Only once did Chairman Mao not become addicted to cigarettes for eight hours.
On August 15, 1945, when Japan announced its unconditional surrender, the whole country rejoiced, but Chairman Mao sat worriedly in front of the window as if thinking about something.
Soon we will know the reason for his worries, the foreign Kou has been cleaned up, and the country is about to face bigger problems. The Kuomintang and the Communists had previously worked together to fend off the invading Japanese. But now that the Japanese have been driven out of China by us, Chiang Kai-shek's wolf ambitions are clear.
He was already secretly mobilizing troops, trying to take advantage of the opportunity to launch civil unrest and catch the Communists off guard. It was just that he had not yet waited for this time, and since civil war was a matter of sooner or later, the two sides might as well move it to the negotiating table and nip the war in the bud.
Chiang Kai-shek was a wise man who understood that the people who had experienced the turmoil of war were desperately looking forward to peace. So he politely invited Mao Zedong to Chongqing for peace talks. Clear-eyed people know that this is actually a feast.
On August 28, 1945, Chairman Mao and Premier Zhou arrived in Chongqing with important leaders of the CPC, and Chiang Kai-shek, who seemed to be full of sincerity, personally invited Chairman Mao and his party.
At that time, Chiang Kai-shek had four million troops in his hands, and our military strength was only a quarter of that of the other side, that is, more than one million people. Therefore, Chiang Kai-shek looked down on the Chinese Communist Party, which had a huge disparity in strength.
On August 30, Chiang Kai-shek arrogantly recorded his mental journey in his diary: "Mao Zedong reflected the fruits of Coming to Chongqing, although this was caused by Virtue, but it was also given by God. This sentence can actually be seen that Chiang Kai-shek was actually very sure at that time, and he had no plan to let the leaders of the CPC Central Committee leave Chongqing.
It can also be seen from this that he is actually an extremely thoughtful person, which is why he will change his mouth several times in the negotiations.
At the beginning, he was very tough and said that the CCP could not negotiate peace unless the Kuomintang's one-party dictatorship was realized.
However, Chairman Mao did not accept the slightest move and did not humbly fight back. Now that I start fighting, I really can't beat you, but I can take the road of the countryside surrounding the city.
Chiang Kai-shek knew that Chairman Mao had relied on the fighting line of encircling the cities from the countryside all the way to where he is today, and he also understood that if there was a real fight, the Communist Party would actually have the upper hand in such a point-by-point and face-to-face combat method.
The negotiations were at an impasse, both the Kuomintang and the Communists were draining each other's patience, and in the end Chiang Kai-shek was unable to hold his breath. On September 29, Chiang Kai-shek wrote in his diary that I was ready to detain and try Mao Zedong.
However, his plan was not very feasible, after all, the leaders of the two parties were all figures on the cusp of the storm, and he hastily attacked Chairman Mao and could not block the mouths of the people. So he gave up the idea of detaining Chairman Mao, but he was still very insistent, and he felt that no matter how Chairman Mao changed, he could not jump out of the palm of his hand.
The original text of the diary: "It is impossible to conclude that there is no possibility that his people will succeed, and it is not enough to hinder my cause of reunification, and if he allows it to change, he will not be able to jump out of this palm in the end." ”
Before Chairman Mao entered Chongqing, Chiang Kai-shek collected all the intelligence about Chairman Mao in great detail. Therefore, Chairman Mao also saw the opponent at the negotiating table, the cigarette prepared for himself.
But what makes Chiang Kai-shek feel awe is that throughout the negotiations, Chairman Mao never touched a cigarette.
Chiang Kai-shek did a detailed background check, will Chairman Mao sit still? Of course not, Chairman Mao heard that Chiang Kai-shek particularly hated the smell of cigarettes. Before going to Chongqing, he began to quit smoking briefly, and even used a special method to remove the smell of smoke from his clothes.
People with smoking addictions know that if they can't smoke when they are addicted, they will feel like sitting on needle felt. What's more, Chairman Mao was a big smoker, smoking at least twenty or thirty cigarettes a day.
It can last up to eight hours of negotiations, and the content is complicated and the atmosphere is dull. Chairman Mao never had the thought of smoking. After the negotiations, Chiang Kai-shek recorded this detail in his diary. He also said to his assistant Chen Bray: "Mao Zedong is a person who should not be underestimated, although he is a smoker whose fingers are constantly flowing, but after my observation, he must have made thorough preparations, and after knowing that I did not smoke, he never smoked one during his conversation with me." ”
She expressed a high degree of identification with chairman Mao's spirit and determination. Although it is only a small detail in the negotiations, it also shows the conviction and determination of Chairman Mao. What reason does a person who can restrain his or her biological instincts not succeed?
The American writer Trier described Chairman Mao this way. "He is one of the most smoking political leaders in all countries, and he is not picky and smokes anything. Even though the smoke was already damp, he relished it. ”
In 1949, after the founding of New China, Chairman Mao still failed to quit his huge addiction to smoking, and his salary at that time was about 400 yuan per month. Chairman Mao's daily life was manned, and it didn't cost much. But only in the matter of buying cigarettes, he definitely does not pretend to be a person. Every time he took out his salary conscientiously, sometimes the guard at the door went to help him buy a few boxes of cigarettes to give away, and when he saw the guard take back a good cigarette that he usually did not dare to look at, he would feel painful.
Chairman Mao was getting older and older, reaching the age of quitting smoking, and his doctors advised him more than once to smoke less to be good for his health. He was also suggested that he could smoke imported cigarettes, which were less harmful to the human body because of the use of special mouthpieces.
The staff of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs struggled to talk hard, and finally coaxed Chairman Mao to buy two and come back to taste them, but Chairman Mao was very stubborn and insisted on reading the procurement documents. After seeing the high price above, I never thought of smoking foreign cigarettes again.
After the founding of New China, Chairman Mao, who was busy with government affairs, took smoking as his own way of decompression. But what bothered him was that the cigarette burned so fast that he always felt that he had burned out of a cigarette before he could smoke it. So I thought of a way!
He wrapped the cigarette in rape leaves and put it in the cigarette box so that the tobacco leaves would get wet. Damp tobacco will burn more slowly. Chairman Mao, who smoked frugally, was also frugal in his use of matches. Empty matchboxes were everywhere in his living room, and the guards felt too wasteful every time they tried to clean them up for him.
In fact, Chairman Mao was not without the determination to quit smoking, and the Chongqing negotiations that he did not smoke for eight hours can only be counted as a short-term cessation. When the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression broke out in 1938, Chairman Mao's health was in trouble, and he briefly quit smoking for a while at the strong request of Dr. Bethune. Only later, when the war ahead was tight, did he swallow the clouds and spit out the fog again.
After Stalin's death in 1953, Chairman Mao made up his mind for the second time to quit smoking. This time I quit smoking because of the earnest exhortation of Marshal Voroshilov of the Soviet Union, and chairman Mao Stalin died because of a huge addiction to smoking. This time Chairman Mao stopped smoking for 10 months, and even let the people around him put away all his cigarette utensils.
It was this determination that allowed him not to make excuses to quit smoking slowly like others, but to quit smoking addiction for 60 years in one fell swoop.
Smoking, for Chairman Mao, may be just a simple way to relieve fatigue. But quitting smoking and the way he smoked is the embodiment of Chairman Mao's wisdom.
The story of Chairman Mao quitting smoking also shows us that he is determined to do anything, as long as we want to do anything, we will certainly be able to do it, you say?