Ground cover plants are widely available and can be selected from a wide range of plants, including not only perennial low-rise herbaceous plants, but also some highly adaptable low-rise, creeping shrubs and vines.
They can not only increase the plant level and enrich the garden scenery, but also have strong adaptability and stress resistance. The role of ground cover plants in landscaping is becoming more and more important and has become an indispensable part of the landscape.
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Selection Criteria:
1. Low plants: often divided into 30cm, 50cm, 70cm or so, generally not more than 100cm.
2. Long green leaf period: the plant can cover the ground and has a certain protective effect.
3. Strong growth potential: easy to reproduce, strong expansion.
4. Strong adaptability: drought resistance, disease and pest resistance, barrenness resistance, easy to extensive management.
Classification of ground cover plants
Taxonomy of ground cover plants
Classification according to ornamental characteristics:
1. Flower viewing ground quilt. It is mainly composed of one- and two-year flowers, root and bulb flowers. Often choose the long flowering period, flowering luxuriant, strong expansion, fast reproduction, simple cultivation, extensive management of the species. Such as February orchid, black heart chrysanthemum, goldenrod chrysanthemum, purple flower di ding, flower rhombus grass, stone garlic, tulips, sulfur chrysanthemum and other places of incite plants.
February Blue
Annual or biennial herb. Because blue-purple flowers begin to bloom around February of the lunar calendar, it is called February blue.
2. Leaf viewing ground cover. There are special leaf colors and leaf postures that can be appreciated, and plants with rich leaf colors and a long foliage viewing period are often selected. Such as bee bucket vegetables, octagonal gold plate, Filipino white bamboo, red shin scatter, ferns, jade belt grass, Phnom Penh broad-leaved mountain wheat winter, purple leaf sorrel grass, Big Wu wind grass, pod fruit fern and other plants.
Fatsia japonica
The octagonal gold plate refers to its palm-shaped leaves, with about 8 split leaves, which seem to have 8 horns. Its leaves are green and oily all year round, and the leaves are like green palms.
3. Always green space quilt. Evergreen ground cover plants are called evergreen cover plants. This type of plant has a dormant period of the ming dynasty, and generally replaces the leaves in the spring. Evergreen coniferous ground cover plants and a small number of evergreen broad-leaved plants with strong cold resistance are often used in cold areas of the north, such as paved cypress, wheat winter, rich grass, ivy and so on. Most of the southern regions can be used in a lot of evergreen areas, such as sprinkled with golden coral, grass along the steps, evergreen flowers and evergreens, vine periwinkles and so on.
Sprinkle gold coral
Also known as the golden peach leaf coral, it is a common plant in landscaping, and its leaves have golden spots on them, which are naturally scattered on the leaves, which is very beautiful.
4. Deciduous ground cover. Refers to groundcover plants that partially wither and fallen leaves in the ground in autumn and winter, and can sprout and grow in the following year. Such as grass, jade hairpin, falling bride, iris, etc., suitable for building a large area of landscape. Most of the northern regions often use this type of plant, and its variety is rich, including plants that look at leaves, flowers, and fruits.
Grass
It is a perennial root herb. It has short rhizomes and stout spindle-shaped fleshy roots.
Classification according to planting environment:
1. Joyfully covered plants. These plants are suitable for planting in plots with abundant light and open grounds. It grows well in full light, but the stem is thin, the nodes are elongated, and the flowers are few. Such as goldenrod chrysanthemum, a branch of yellow flowers, changxia caryophyllus, black heart chrysanthemum and so on.
A yellow flower
A yellow flower (scientific name: Solidago decurrens Lour.) is a polymorphic species with a great variation in leaf shape and inflorescence pattern.
2. Resistant to semi-shaded ground cover plants. This type of plant is suitable for planting at the edge of the forest, under the tree altar, and in the sparse bushes, which can withstand a certain light intensity and have different degrees of shade tolerance. Such as stone garlic, February orchid, money grass, ivy, phoenix and so on.
Stone garlic
The bulbs are nearly spherical in shape and 1-3 cm in diameter. Leaves emerge in autumn, the leaves are narrowly banded, about 15 cm long and about 0.5 cm wide, blunt at the apex, dark green, with a pinkish green band in the middle.
3. Understory ground cover plants. These plants are suitable for planting under the highly closed shrubs and grow poorly under full light. Such as jade hairpin, tiger ear grass, white mustard, snakeberry and so on.
Jade hairpin
Perennial root plant, apical inflorescence, with 9 to 15 flowers. The flowers are white, tubular funnel-shaped, aromatic, and flower from July to September.
4. Resistant to infestation. These plants are suitable for planting in well-drained, drier environments or on slopes. Most of them are plant species with developed roots, strong stress resistance and good light. Such as sedum, wild chrysanthemum, small crown flower, white three-leaf root Fluke and so on.
Wild chrysanthemums
The head-shaped inflorescence of wild chrysanthemums is similar in appearance to that of chrysanthemums, spherical in shape, 0.3 to 1 cm in diameter, brownish yellow. The total bracts consist of 4 to 5 layers of bracts.
5. Resistant to wetland cover plants. These plants are suitable for cultivation in humid environments such as streams, swamps, and wetlands. Such as brook sun, yellow calamus, houttuynia cordata, shoot dry and so on.
Brooks
Perennial herb. The rhizomes are thick, obliquely extended, rope-like, off-white, with wrinkled stripes.
6. Saline-tolerant ground cover plants. Such plants can grow normally in barren or mild saline land. Such as iris, multi-flowered bone grass, gold leaf crossing yellow and so on.
Gold leaf pass yellow
It is a perennial vine herb, evergreen, about 5 cm tall, with branches creeping up to 60 cm.
Ground cover plant planting techniques
Plant planting techniques
1. Reasonably select the arc according to the terrain, garden road, and forest edge line, and try to ensure that the lines are smooth and complete. The large terrain is dominated by large arcs, and small terrains and flower landscapes can use fragmentation and small arcs with variable curves.
2. Pay attention to avoid sharp triangles at the junction of the color patch. Try to use a large sharp angle or a small blunt angle interface.
3. Wrap edge seedlings choose dense leaves, dwarf growth, pruning resistant varieties.
4. Seedlings are planted obliquely down the slope.
5. The edge of the land is planted downhill, the outer edge line is planted preferentially, the angle of inclination from the outside to the inside is decreased, and the size of the seedlings is selected during planting, following the principle of planting before and after high.
6. The front row of the ground is smoothly arced, can not expose the soil, it is best to be evergreen, dense leaves, strong mantle splitting force, pruning resistance to varieties.
Ground cover plant maintenance
Ground cover plant maintenance
January:
1. At this time, The eastern region of China is in the lowest temperature period of the year, and most of the roots are in a dormant or semi-dormant state. Semi-evergreen species such as chrysanthemum brains with a long green leaf stage are cut off in early January after the seeds are matured and harvested in December.
2. For the land ready to be planted, use this time to apply organic fertilizers, such as river mud, etc. on the basis of ploughing in the autumn.
3. Woody dwarf shrubland can be fertilized in winter.
4. In the case of excessive dryness in January, the ground that blooms in spring and germinates in early spring is easily frozen, and it should be appropriately watered at noon on sunny days.
5. Combined with winter leisure, the soil addition or ditching of the poorly drained ground cover planting land can be carried out.
February:
1. If the roots and bulbs need to be renewed and rehabilitated, the plants or underground parts can be dug up from February to early March, divided into plants, applied base fertilizer in the planting area, and replanted. Excess can be expanded for planting.
2. Fertilize the ground that blooms in early spring with February blue, spotted plum, daffodil, etc.
3. If spring comes early, pay attention to watering to promote the ground to be sprouted.
4. There are many tourists in public green space before and after the Spring Festival, and it is necessary to do a good job in the protection and management of the land cover to reduce losses.
March:
1. Thinning, transplanting, expanding planting and filling of missing plants in the wood local area.
2. At this time, it is the time when the earth is rejuvenated and the ground is revived, and it is necessary to check the spring recovery of the ground cover in time, properly water it, and control the entry of tourists.
3. As the temperature rises, some pests begin to move, such as aphids, ground tigers, etc., and attention should be paid to prevention and control.
4. The foliage is gradually germinated or restored to growth, and spring fertilizer can be applied to promote its growth. The ground cover that flowers in April and May promotes the formation and development of flower buds.
5. Bulbs, such as allium orchid, leek, iron flattener, etc., can be planted separately at the beginning of the month. The missing plants of the ground cover should be replanted in time in the middle and late parts of the year to facilitate the consistency of plant growth.
6. Grass and other grasses are cultivated in the holes after leaf germination, and the seedlings are fertilized and promoted.
7. Chrysanthemum brains and other places are sown before and after the sting.
April:
1. Before and after the Qingming Dynasty is the peak of the ground cover plants returning to green, we must pay attention to prevent tourists from entering and trampling.
2. Cultivate and weed the ground cover planting land to make the soil loose, accept more spring rainwater, and improve soil temperature and air permeability.
3. The flower viewing fields such as pansies and daisies planted in green areas must be applied with thin fertilizer to extend the flowering period, and spring sowing work such as purple jasmine can be carried out in April.
4. The soil is required to be fertile and loose for the largest growing polymer grass and hypericum multi-leaf hypericum, so thin fertilizer is applied once or twice a month in the growing season from April onwards.
5. Since this month, the woody flowering ground cover such as rhododendron and water gardenia of stone rock has been applied alternately once every 2 weeks with potassium dihydrogen phosphate and alum fertilizer water to prevent yellowing and change the pH value of the soil. All the way to August.
May:
1. In the spring, the flowering ground is sorted out by the plant after flowering, and the wilted flower peduncle should be cut off and fertilized to prolong the green leaf period.
2. At this time, in mid-May, East China enters the rainy season. Diseases and insect pests are common, and the control of rat women in ivy, aphids in chrysanthemum brains, red spiders, and military insects in rhododendrons should be strengthened.
3. For polymeric grasses with fast growth rate, they can be cut once every 1 to 2 months from this month to maintain the appropriate height of the plant, and the cut part can also be used as feed.
4. Spring flower ground cover plant seeds begin to mature, should be harvested in time, such as February blue, etc. After the seeds are harvested, some of the aboveground plants are pulled out.
5. At this time, it is the peak of the spring garden, and it is necessary to prevent the damage of the plants to the ground.
June:
1. Pay attention to ground drainage in the rainy season, pay attention to the occurrence of diseases, and spray the same amount or 200 times Bordeaux liquid once every 10 to 15 days.
2. Herbaceous vines such as Lianqian grass are transplanted and can be carried out in June, and after one month, they will be lush. Native spring flowers such as rhododendrons are "post-flowered" to prepare for the buds of next year.
3. Continue to collect spring flower seeds, remove flowers, and maintain the ornamental effect of the ground cover community. A small amount of flower buds can be picked for consumption without affecting the ornamentation.
4. For plants with higher ground cover species such as chrysanthemum brain, in order to control the height, they can be pruned regularly from this month, once a month. Control of aphids, red spiders and plant diseases.
July:
1. Medium tillage, weeding, fertilization. For the leaf cover of the vines with dense branches such as ivy and lianqian grass, the ammonium sulfate solution can be applied to promote timely growth.
2. According to the weather conditions, it is necessary to often and properly water, or spray under the forest, improve the air humidity, especially the stone rock rhododendron, eight immortals, etc. every sunny day to spray 2 times a day. Reduces leaf wilting.
3. The weather is hot, try to apply less thick fertilizer, combined with watering to apply thin fertilizer.
4. For the thick shrub cover such as hypericum multi-leaf hypericum, the branches are thinned, and the useless branches inside are pruned to improve ventilation and light transmission and reduce the yellowing of the internal branches and leaves. Continue to control aphids, red spiders and plant diseases.
August:
1. Strengthen the management of soil and air humidity, watering and spraying frequently.
2. August in East China is the season of concentrated rainstorms and monsoons, and it is necessary to prevent soil water accumulation after heavy rains.
3.2 annual sowing can be carried out in autumn. Clean the flowers and flowers for summer flowers and collect seeds.
4. Soil improvement of ground cover planting areas after autumn.
September:
1. Do a good job in the maintenance of autumn sown land cover seedling stage, and divide the plants of some bulbous ground cover.
2. Fertilize the autumn flower field and continue to control aphids and other diseases and insect pests.
3. The chrysanthemum brain is cut for the last time of the year, and the peacock grass, beautiful cherry blossoms and other flowers with a long flowering period are sorted out, and the excessively long and tall branches that destroy the overall effect are removed to welcome the National Day.
4. The seeds of the second stage of leek are matured and harvested.
From October to November:
1. After the frost falls, the roots of the grass, the polymer grass, the iron flatten, the jade hairpin, the fern and other roots begin to die by the aboveground part, and the dead branches and yellow leaves should be cleaned up.
2. Grass for root propagation, watering manure to take root, after November most of the ground plants began to enter dormancy or semi-dormancy, to apply winter fertilizer and autumn flower "post-flower fertilizer".
3. Autumn flowers are harvested by plant seeds and dead plant communities are cleaned up. The aboveground part of the purple jasmine withers and is eradicated, revealing the Interspersed February Blue Dead Plant to cover the ground.
4. Cut off the aboveground part of the hydrangea flowers.
December:
1. East China entered the middle of winter this month, before the arrival of severe cold, for some evergreen, open overwintering but vulnerable to frost damage to do antifreeze work in advance, generally sprinkled on the ground with wood chips, or covered with a layer of rice or appropriate watering on low dead plants to prevent frost.
2. Fertilize the root-neck soil with decomposed organic fertilizer on the root-neck soil for the root-and-neck flowers that have been removed to promote the stout tillers in the following year.
3. Apply thick fertilizer to the low-density wood local cover plants.
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