In December 1231, the commander of the Jin soldiers, Wanyan Heda, sent people to search for the Mongolian cavalry under Tuo Lei to see where they had gone and why they disappeared in the blink of an eye. The spies came back and reported that 30,000 Mongolian cavalry were cooking in the woods, well defended, and staying on their horses at night in case of accidents.
In 1227, Genghis Khan was dying on Liupan Mountain, pretending to accept the surrender of Western Xia, and then slaughtering it, and Western Xia perished. With the fall of Western Xia, Genghis Khan shifted his attention to the Jin State, and informed Ogedai and the Tuo Lei strategy, "using the Southern Song Dynasty to attack and destroy the Jin State", and told them to abide by it.
Outflanking the Jin State through the Southern Song Dynasty and attacking Kaifeng from the south was Genghis Khan's strategy. In 1226, while attacking Western Xia, Genghis Khan sent 30,000 soldiers and horses to attack the Shaanxi-Gansu region, which belonged to the territory of the Southern Song Dynasty, to find a channel to attack the Jin State, which was the beginning of the meeting between Mongolia and Southern Song soldiers.
The truth of "dead lips and cold teeth", perhaps Emperor Zhao and Song did not understand it thoroughly enough. In 1122, the "Maritime Alliance" was signed, and the Northern Song Dynasty and the Jin State attacked the Liao State. As a result, after the fall of the Liao State, the Jin State took advantage of the victory to go south, captured Kaifeng, and destroyed the Northern Song Dynasty, which was the "Jingkang Change". During the era of the Great Khan of Wokuotai, Mongolia and the Southern Song Dynasty joined forces again to destroy the Jin State together, and later there was the "difficulty of the cliff mountain".
In 1231, the Great Khan of Ögedei decided to conquer the Jin Kingdom in the south, leading an army of 150,000 to march and move in three ways. Wokotai led the middle road from Shanxi into Henan; Temuge led the east road to attack Shandong and contain the Jin soldiers; Tuo Lei led the West Road, went down from southwest Shaanxi, borrowed the territory of the Southern Song Dynasty, and joined Kaifeng with the main force of Wokotai.
The army of the West Road, with a luxurious lineup, more than 30,000 soldiers and horses, and the coach is a tow mine and a speed. With the help of the Southern Song Dynasty, the Mongolia army progressed smoothly, interspersed from the territory of the Southern Song Dynasty, and received a lot of supplies. In this regard, the Jin State was very panicked, and if Tuo Lei and Wokotai successfully joined forces, the destruction of the Jin State was inevitable.
In order to prevent the Mongolia army from meeting the division, Jin Aizong mobilized soldiers and horses, with Wanyan Heda as the main commander, and led 130,000 soldiers and horses to meet the battle. Those who followed Yan Heda on the expedition included famous generals such as Yira Pua, Gao Ying, Pua Dingzhu, and Zhang Hui, all of whom defeated the Mongolian cavalry many times. Among them, Zhang Hui is particularly brave and is known as the Jinguo version of "Zhang Fei".
Attacking Henan from the territory of the Southern Song Dynasty, it was necessary to cross the Han River, and then go straight to Dengzhou, Junzhou, and Kaifeng. Wanyan Heda led his troops to deploy defenses along the Han River, preparing to fight to the death with the Mongolian cavalry. At the military meeting, Wanyan Heda asked the generals to put forward a battle plan. Zhang Hui believed that they should be "attacked halfway", and the Mongolian army launched an attack when they crossed the river and wiped them out in the Han River.
"Half-crossing attack" is a commonly used combat mode, and the overall combat effectiveness of the golden soldiers is not as good as that of the Mongolia army, which is the best way to meet the enemy army. Who knows, Shiftapu objected, and he suggested that the Mongolian cavalry be released, and then surrounded and annihilated, leaving no one behind. The reason for moving Rapua was that if it "attacked halfway", the Mongolian army would flee and would have no chance of annihilating it completely.
He was confident that he could wipe out his opponent. History: "Let him be in the sand moraine, and he should seek it, and now it will come from it." You should not be like Dachangyuan, the old Weizhou, and the fan car back to the longitudinal out. "In the Battle of Dachangwon, the Battle of Weizhou, and the Battle of Reverse Valley, the Jin soldiers could not completely annihilate the Mongolia cavalry, and the key was that they could not be encircled.
Zhang Hui, Gao Ying, Pu A Dingzhu and others all advocated "attacking half-crossing", and Yi Ra Pu Ah used the previous three battles as an example to refute the generals. Wanyan Heda also wanted to wait for the Mongolian army to attack and annihilate it when it crossed the river, but he could not move Pua. 130,000 gold soldiers, most of them are from the department of Yila Pua, he doesn't agree, who can do anything.
The Jin soldiers had different opinions, and after arguing for more than twenty days, the Mongolia cavalry successfully crossed the river. Wanyan Heda had no choice but to order the generals to deploy defenses and seize the favorable terrain of Yushan. Wanyan Heda placed the main infantry in front of the mountain and the cavalry behind the mountain to prevent the Mongolian cavalry from making a surprise attack and causing the enemy to suffer from the abdomen.
After crossing the river in Subutai, he led his troops to walk along the foothills of the mountain, not fighting with the Jin infantry, but going around to the back of the mountain to look for fighters. There were not many Mongolian cavalry dispatched from Subutai, only about a thousand people, and it was more like conducting reconnaissance and waiting until the next day to fight. Su Butai's move confused Wanyan Heda and found the fighter.
After Yan Heda relaxed his guard, believing that the Mongolian cavalry would not attack, and Su Butai did not give face at all, he directly led the cavalry to charge. The Mongolia cavalry rushed to kill, and the Jin soldiers had to meet the battle, relying on the favorable terrain, condescending to counterattack, shooting with a dense rain of arrows, not allowing the enemy to approach.
The Jin soldiers occupied favorable terrain, and the Mongolian cavalry touched a nose of ash and retreated a little. Then, Tuo Lei and Subutai divided their troops to fight, focusing on attacking Pu Ading, who was defending the west of Yushan, and the Jin soldiers could not parry. At the same time, a Mongolian cavalry attacked the north and engaged Gao Ying. Most of Gao Ying's troops were temporarily recruited, and there was no combat effectiveness, and the Mongolian cavalry rushed several times, and the Jin soldiers were in chaos.
Wanyan Heda watched the battle on the top of the mountain, and seeing that Gao Ying was about to be defeated, he sent the "prison army" to supervise the formation with a knife, and beheaded him as long as he retreated one step back. Gao Ying had no choice but to return to the formation, continue to fight, and received the support of the cavalry sent by Zhang Hui, and finally repelled the attack of the Mongolian cavalry and stabilized the position.
The Jin soldiers were well defended, and Zhang Hui, Fan Ze and other fierce men charged, and it was difficult for the Mongolian cavalry to break through the Yushan defense line. Since crossing the Han River, the Mongolian cavalry and the Jin soldiers have been fighting for three days and three nights, and both sides are tired. After running out of dry rations, the Tuo Lei and Su Butai postponed the attack and diverted to the south.
Commanders Wanyan Heda and Zhang Hui both believed that the Mongolia army had not eaten enough for three days, and the Jin soldiers should take advantage of the victory to pursue and annihilate it. History: "You can't eat for two or three days, and you should embrace it when you take advantage of it." Who knows, Shifta Pua once again raised objections, believing that the Yellow River had not yet frozen, the Han water had been cut off by the Jin soldiers, and the Mongolian army could not escape.
He was too confident, believing that the Mongolia army had fallen into a desperate situation, and if they starved for a while, they could annihilate them along the Han River. Tuo Lei and Subutai are famous Mongolia generals, who can sweep through Central Asia and Europe, how can they be easily defeated.
The task of Tuo Lei and Subutai was to join forces with the main force of the Great Khan of Wokotai and take Kaifeng together and destroy the Jin State, rather than fighting with Wanyan Heda. The golden soldiers occupied favorable terrain, cavalry and infantry cooperated closely, and the Mongolia army, which was dominated by cavalry, wanted to break through the Yushan defense line head-on, which was very difficult.
Wanyan Heda's headquarters was mainly infantry, and the cavalry was not only small in number, but also inferior in individual combat ability to the Mongolian army. If the formation is set up and the decisive battle is directly fought, the Jin soldiers may win by virtue of their numerical superiority. Once the Mongolia army was freed from entanglement, the superiority of cavalry mobility was revealed.
Tuo Lei and Subutai led the army to the south, but did not cross the river and return, but hid in the woods to cook and eat. They cook during the day and sit on their horses at night, keeping them on high alert, and the Jin soldiers have little chance. "Jin History" contains: "The Northern Army is in the jujube forest on the other side of Guanghua, eating during the day, not getting off the horse at night, looking at the forest to and fro, not fifty or sixty steps without hearing the sound, its strategy can be known. ”
Let go of the tow mine and the speed of Butai, and the move to Pua made a mistake, and Jin Guo missed the opportunity to turn the tables. The Mongolian cavalry hid in the woods to cook and recuperate, and the golden soldiers did not dare to attack easily, so they could only keep watch. Tuo Lei and Subutai seized the opportunity to raid the weak points of the Jin soldiers' defense, and then set off towards Dengzhou, Junzhou, and Kaifeng.
There was no love battle between Tuo Lei and Subutai, and they marched quickly, and joined the main force of the Great Khan of Wokotai at Sanfeng Mountain on the outskirts of Junzhou. Next, the two sides faced off in Sanfeng Mountain, and the 130,000 Jin soldiers were almost wiped out, and Wanyan Heda, Yang Woyan, Fan Ze, Gao Ying and others died on the battlefield. In the Battle of Sanfeng Mountain, the main forces of the Jin State were completely lost, and they were unable to compete with the Mongolia cavalry.
In 1232, the general Subutai led his army to conquer Junzhou, and the commander of the "Loyal and Filial Piety Army", Wanyan Chen, was executed, and Jin Aizong fled from Beijing to Caizhou for refuge. In 1233, the Jin soldiers captured Kaifeng. In 1234, Mongolia and the Southern Song Dynasty joined forces and sent more than 100,000 troops to capture Caizhou, and Emperor Jin Aizong hanged himself and died, and the Jin State was destroyed.