Text | Cui Quansen
Pick it up
In the eleventh year of Chunyou (1251), because Xingsheng Temple "is connected to the county, the location is shallow, and there is no way to look at it", and at the same time, Xingsheng Temple has been built for 45 years, and the building is tilted and often needs to be repaired.
Song Li Sect sent Zhao Xidao's nephew Zhao and Yang Zhijiaxing Military Mansion to Jiaxing to preside over the construction of Xingsheng Temple. Zhao Youdang doubled the price of the Xingsheng Temple to buy the next rice, expand the area of the Xingsheng Temple, and spent more than ten months to renovate the Xingsheng Temple, "from the temple door and the library are all renovated and new". 277 acres of land were allocated to Xingsheng Temple, and together with the old land of Xingsheng Temple, a total of 1,828 acres of temple land were allocated.
Emperor Lizong of the Song Dynasty personally wrote the eight characters of "Liuhong Holy Land, Xingsheng Temple", painted with gold, and the plaque was hung high above the Buddha hall. The newly built Xingsheng Temple has thousands of weather, the dragon and the phoenix, the sun is bright and the stars are shining, and the elderly gather to watch, and they are grateful and weeping.
A few years later, during the reign of Baoyou of the Southern Song Dynasty (1253-1258), a fire destroyed the newly built Xingsheng Temple. In the sixth year of Baoyou (1258), the imperial court repeatedly ordered Jiaxing to rebuild Xingsheng Temple, but Jiaxing did not make up its mind to rebuild it in time. In the first year of Jingding (1260), the abbot of the temple was responsible for the reconstruction, and Jingzhi rebuilt the Dharma hall and the abbot's room.
In the fifth year of Xianchun (1269), the abbot of Xingsheng Temple was selected to be responsible for the reconstruction, and within one year, all the halls and houses of Xingsheng Temple were rebuilt except for the mountain gate and the two houses. Jiaxing City has a letter girl named Dai Jingjue, self-proclaimed Wu'an Taoist, and her mother together will be located in the city of a piece of more than ten acres of land to Xingsheng Temple, the monk will use this land as the temple's vegetable field, to solve the problem of the temple's vegetarian vegetable supply.
During the Southern Song Dynasty, the newly built temples in Jiaxing City were not only Xingsheng Temple, but also Jinming Temple.
Jinming Temple
In the middle of the main road (1165-1173), there was a monk named Wanshou Wang in Jiaxing, who was proficient in medical skills, and cured the illness of Prime Minister Shi Miyuan. Shi Miyuan was very grateful to Wan Shouyuan and wanted to give him gold and silver, but Wan Shou Wang did not accept it. Shi Miyuan asked him what he wanted, and King Wanshou said that he wanted to build a temple.
Shi Miyuan bought a piece of land in the southwest corner of Jiaxing City to build a temple. At first, the temple had no name, and when the Jinming Temple of Haiyan Banluo was abandoned, the temple name mountain gate could only be arranged in the north of the temple, and this helpless move became a major feature of the Jinming Temple. Shaoding four years (1231), the temple monk ancestor Shou built a thousand Buddha Pavilion, also known as Jinming Temple Buddha Pavilion, the descendants have poems Jinming Temple Buddha Pavilion:
The curtain of the Hefeng Incense Pavilion opened, and the light of the lake in the city entered the wine glass.
Zhenze evening smoke returns to the painting boat, and the waning moon of Wu Palace shines on the dressing table.
The cloud is lost in the post road, and the birds come to the south of the earth.
Where is the past, the moss under the shadow of the sunset.
In the poem, it is said that climbing the Buddha Pavilion of Jinming Temple, you can see the evening smoke of Zhenze and the waning moon of Wu Palace, which is of course the author's imagination and exaggeration, but it also shows that this Buddha Pavilion is tall. As for "the light of the lake in the city enters the wine glass", it is a realistic sentence. Jinming Temple is close to the city wall, the south side of the city wall is the Mandarin Duck Lake, climb the Buddha pavilion that is much higher than the city wall, you can see the beautiful scenery of the lake.
Dongta Temple since the construction of Yan four years (1130) destroyed in the Jin soldiers, the temple is in ruins, the Northern Song Dynasty Yuanfeng two years (1079) rebuilt the pagoda only left two levels of remnant pagoda, the temple monks can be considerable in the east of the remnant tower to erect a few houses barely maintained.
At the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty, Uncle Bao Yi of Wenzhou and his two elder brothers lived not far from the temple, he recalled the scene of the temple in the "East Tower Guangfu Teaching Academy": "The servant remembered that when he was young, he was still employed in Si, compared to the room of bamboo and grass, not supporting the wind and rain, the fish drum sounded, the kitchen was not full, and within the southwest boundary of the courtyard, there were only two levels of waste towers, and the ghost mound of the remaining Shenlin was conceived by the snake, and the filth was not eaten, and there were many years. In the following 20 years, Uncle Bao Yi traveled in Jiankang, Tongzhou, Shangyu and other places, and never returned to Dongta Temple.
In the thirty-second year of Shaoxing (1162), the East Tower Temple was renamed the East Tower Guangfu Temple. This year happened to be the year of Song Xiaozong's accession to the throne, and the temple was renamed to pray for Xiaozong. The story of Song Xiaozong's childhood has always been said in the East Pagoda Temple.
It is said that the bell tower of the East Pagoda Temple was formerly known as Jingyang Building, Xiaozong had climbed the building in his childhood, when he walked to the middle of the building, he fell to the ground with one foot, and the people who followed were shocked, and looked down, Xiaozong actually stood steadily. After Xiaozong ascended the throne, the East Pagoda Temple renamed the bell tower as Jinglong Tower.
Twenty years later, Uncle Bao Yi came to Dongta Temple again, and the temple scene was another scene. The mountain gate of the temple is high and open, and the golden seal is revealed; Entering the temple is the tower courtyard, the pagoda is high, and the wind chimes rhyme the sky; Straight north of the tower courtyard is the Great Compassion Pavilion, floating a hundred feet in the air, overlooking the sun and stars; Behind the pavilion, the flying bridge spans the air, and the Huayan Hall is high and magnificent, and the gold is brilliant; After Huayan Hall, the soil is the platform, and the square is built; There is a Xuan on the east side of the abbot's room, and the giant bamboo outside the Xuan is thousands of strong, and the day shade is sparse.
Others such as Wheel Collection, Aroma Kitchen, Kushi, Bathroom, Toilet, etc., are all sublime and magnificent. Accompanying Uncle Bao Yi on his visit to the monastery was the abbot monk Qingya. Qingya monk, the word Shaonan, often acquaintance, originally Confucianism, after wishing the law in Kunshan Huiju Temple as a monk. In the fifteenth year of Chunxi (1188), he was the abbot of the East Tower Gwangfuku Academy.
When Qingya first arrived at the East Tower Temple, he saw that "the courtyard has been collapsed for a long time, the wind is cloak and the rain is bathing, and there are only a few rafters", and he is determined to rebuild it. After 15 years of continuous construction, the temple was finally rebuilt. Qingya was worried that the temple "had no baht and no property, and the monks could not support it", so she set up a permanent residence field and set up a monk bureau.
Qingya's purchase of Terada came in part from the amount of money she held in her hand. Du Mu is a license issued by the imperial court for monks, and without Du Mu, it is an illegal "private degree". Since the Song Dynasty, the government began to sell money to solve the problem of financial shortage. During the period of filial piety, the highest annual circulation was 120,000 yuan, and the price of each course soared from 130 to 700 yuan during the reign of Shenzong, and it was as high as 800 guan during the Jiading period of Ningzong (1208-1224).
Qingya's Dao Dao was originally intended to be sold for the reconstruction of the East Pagoda Temple, but later it was probably not used when the labor fee was enough. Qingya asked a thousand believers who were ready to draw a moderate degree to become her disciples. Qingya used this method to obtain the funds for the purchase of Terada, which cost about 200 yen more than simply selling.
Qingya usually advocates to do pure good karma, every year in the temple to form a lotus society, listen to his lectures of the believers often have as many as a thousand people, Qingya and build the Puguang Temple to preach the scriptures, magnificent and magnificent, majestic in one side. Over the past 50 years, tens of thousands of believers have converted to Buddhism under the influence of Qingya. In the sixteenth year of Jiading (1223), Song Ningzong recruited Qingya to Lin'an Hall to preach the "Huayan Sutra". Ning Zong gave Qingya the name of "Yi'an Lonely Lecturer", and the two halls of Yushu Huayan Jingge "Lei Yin" and "Haiyin" were given the name. In the second year, Qingya passed away in the East Pagoda Temple.
Tianning Temple in the second year of Shaoxing (1132) changed to Enguang Xiao Monastery. The name change of the temple should be related to the fact that in May of the second year of Shaoxing, Gaozong selected Zhao Bocong of Jiaxing to Lin'an Palace as the crown prince for training.
In the thirteenth year of Shaoxing (1143), the place named Bao'en Guangxiao Monastery was named after the birth of Xiaozong, and the land was given 2,000 acres, and the village was called Tianxi. It is said that the land of the land is the Tianning of today's Jiashan. Although the temple has changed its name many times, Jiaxing people still habitually call it Tianning Temple. In the last years of Song Xiaozong's dry road, a senior monk first went to Hangzhou Jingci Temple to preach.
Hangzhou Jingci Temple was also given the name of Guangxiao Monastery in the ninth year of Shaoxing of Song Gaozong (1139), which had the same name as Tianning Temple at that time. This monk later passed away in Jiaxing Bao'en Guangxiao Monastery, and the monks from all over the world pointed to Tianning Temple as a place where famous teachers passed through and came one after another. In Jiading (1208-1224), the Zen master of Daochong and the Zen master of Netang Si came to the temple one after another. Crazy Daochong Zen Master, a monk of the Linji sect in the Song Dynasty. A native of Pengxi, Sichuan, his common surname is Xun, and he is obsessed with words.
In the twelfth year of Jiading (1219), the abbot of Tianning Temple in Jiaxing. Later, he was the abbot of Hangzhou Lingyin Temple, and again accepted the edict of abbot Yuhang Jingshan Temple. Zen Master Dao Chong and Zen Master Buddha are known as the masters of the Southern Song Dynasty Zen forest. Zen Master Netang Si is also a famous Zen monk in the Song Dynasty, and his poem "Spring snow is full of sky, and flowers are blooming everywhere." I don't know the tree in the garden, that is the real plum" is endless. Famous monks gathered here for a while, and Tianning Temple became a large jungle of Zen Buddhism.
The Jingyan Temple in the Southern Song Dynasty slowly recovered from the catastrophe of the early Yanchu building, the original wood grain Guanyin Hall located in the west of the temple was destroyed, and the wooden screen engraved with the wood grain Guanyin statue was temporarily placed in the east of the temple that survived the fire, and the wood grain Guanyin Hall was rebuilt on the original site in the 11th year of Shaoxing (1141). Jingyan Temple is located in the center of the prosperous commercial city, Wang Xilu said in the "Jingyan Temple Records": "The temple is adjacent to the city, and the temple is also the city: the monks live in the city, and the monks are also the city." ”
The advantage is that the incense is vigorous, which is conducive to the temple to obtain the alms of the believers, but the disadvantage is that Jingyan Temple was originally a law temple, focusing on the study and transmission of the precepts, and the monks must also strictly abide by the precepts. During the Southern Song Dynasty, Jiaxing was prosperous, which brought some problems to the management of Jingyan Temple.
During the Chunxi period (1174-1189), there were hundreds of monks in Jingyan Temple, but the monks' hearts were not aligned, and the monks divided the houses into hundreds of households. Among them, there are many monks who sit behind closed doors and work hard, but there are also monks who have not heard the Tao and are tempted by the environment and have no firm thoughts, and the management of the monastery is relatively chaotic.
In the fourth year of Chunxi (1177), Han Yanzhi was transferred from Huanggang, Hubei Province to Xiuzhou, and he saw the situation of Jingyan Temple and wanted to govern the temple by "changing the law into Zen and curing its disease". He asked the imperial court to change the Jingyan Temple from the Ritsuji Temple to the Shifang Zen Temple. After receiving approval, Han Yanzhi cleaned up the property of the temple, got 20,000 yuan, and recruited a Zen master to preside over the affairs of Jingyan Temple from law to Zen and strengthen the management of the temple.
After a period of time, Han Yanzhi found that the Zen master was cowardly and unsuitable for this work, so he dismissed the Zen master and asked each monastery to nominate a person who was both familiar with Buddhism and had the ability to manage to replace the Zen master. Everyone recommends Zen Master Jingshou to be the abbot. This Zen master Jingshou is not yet 50 years old, but "Taoism is both high, and the world is also familiar", is a Zen master who understands theory, understands human feelings, and can do things.
Jingshou to the day of the ascension of Jingyan Zen Temple, the sound of the law is loud, and the purpose is raised. Then in the temple to implement the jungle rules set by the Baizhang Zen master, "first to the discipline of the body, but also to guide people, listen to the reception, strict inside and outside respect, stubborn and good entering, a hundred responses." The monks also "have no discord, and they are all obedient". Under the condition that the internal personnel of the temple were rectified and the monks were stable, Jingshou began the construction and renovation project of the temple.
He used the remaining 4,000 yuan of the Zen master and the money donated by Han Yanzhen, as well as the money donated by the believers, and built three ancestral halls of King Xiu, one ring altar, 34 corridors, 12 Dharma halls, six monk halls, five Yuhua halls, 13 former squatter halls, and 20 rooms behind the sandalwood forest. The temple has been renovated. The entire project took only 13 months. Jingshou also purchased 2,000 acres of paddy fields, and obtained more than 1,000 stones of rice per year; There are more than 2,000 acres of Ludang, and the salary can be 50,000 bundles. Hundreds of monks have no worries about food and fuel.
Zhao Ziyan died in Xiuzhou in the fourteenth year of Gaozong Shaoxing (1144) and was buried in front of Jingyan Temple. After Zhao Yan was established as the crown prince, he gave Zhao Ziyan the prince, the Zhongshu order, the king of Xiu, and the emperor. Jiaxing called it Xiu'an Wang, there was Xiu'an King tomb in front of Jingyan Temple in the past, and there was Xiuwang Temple in front of the tomb.
[From "Temples and Towers in Hecheng Culture"]
--to be continued