Online public welfare classes
Table naturalism
In the "Children's Reading Island" online public welfare class, Mr. Jiang Hao, a member of the "Children's Reading Island" expert team, will open up the "Children's Reading Island" online nature reading class with a broader vision and richer biological species - "Table Naturalism".
Jiang Hao
Senior Internship Instructor of School of Landscape Engineering, Qingdao Technician College
Let's learn together
Vegetables
Greens
(a)
The original meaning of the season is that in ancient times, government decrees related to agricultural affairs were made according to the seasons. Each of the four seasons has its own climatic characteristics, and each month has its own signs. Plants undergo regular changes at specific times, such as budding, branching, leaf development, flowering, fruiting and defoliation, dormancy, etcWild vegetables are also in season. In Qingdao, April and May in late spring are suitable for eating "mountain vegetables" and "acacia flowers".
Today we are going to talk about "mountain vegetables", and the standard Chinese name of "mountain vegetables" is "Changrui Stone Flower". However, in the folk, people generally call it by another name. Take Qingdao as an example, it is often called "mountain grasshopper vegetables". I am very puzzled by this, because in Qingdao vernacular, "home" and "mountain" are often used as a concept to distinguish the relationship between relatives and distant and domesticated wild, for example, the jujube is called "domestic jujube" or "jujube", and the sour jujube on the mountain is called "mountain jujube"; Domestic cats are called "domestic cats", and wild cats in the mountains are called "bobcats". Those that are closer to people are mostly crowned with the word "home", such as family swallows and family thousand-legged bees; Those that grow in the mountains are mostly crowned with the word "mountain", such as mountain grapes and mountain pomegranates. Grasshopper is the common name of purslane, and it is really impossible to find the common ground between the two except that "mountain vegetables" and purslane can be eaten. Later, I learned that "mountain vegetables" also have another name is "mountain hawthorn", which may be first because the pronunciation object is falsely rumored to be "shan ma zha dish". At the same time, it was found that there are also materials with the writing of "mountain hemp hawthorn". In recent years, the farmhouse banquets near Qingdao have basically written "mountain vegetables" in the recipes or signboards, so this article uses the name "mountain vegetables".
After the middle of April every year, especially when there is another spring rain of suitable size, clusters of mountain vegetables will emerge, at this time the most fat and tender, like the head knife leek, the first stubble of the mountain horse spider vegetables is the most delicious, at this time the mountains are all over the mountains and fields are the people who "pick up the mountain vegetables".
Noticed! The word "捋" is used here. There is a sentence in the "Book of Poetry· Zhou Nan · Qiaoqiang" "picking Qiaoqiao, thin words". "捋" is pronounced luō here, and the original meaning is to gently pluck from the stem with a handful with your fingers. "Saying the · Hand": "Pick it, take it easily." "Poetry" interprets "捋" as: "to refer to the calendar." In my impression, only acacia flowers and wild vegetables use the word "捋" (magically, their seasons are also similar), which may be related to their flowers and leaves gathered together, which is convenient for "referring to the calendar". In Qingdao vernacular, this ancient meaning is continued, but it should be pronounced as Shangsheng and the sound of luǒ. The grasshopper can't be "picked", and needs to be pulled, dug (when it is tender) or pinched (when it is old).
Grasshopper vegetables
It is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Caryophyllaceae family, 60-100 cm tall. Aliases: alfalfa, xiacao, caryophyllus, silver, cabbage root, mountain horse root, tripe root, sand ginseng.
The roots are stout, lignified, light brown to grayish-brown. Several stems are born from the root neck, bifid or trifid branches, developing, the old stem is often reddish-purple erect, the stem has knots, although the stem looks thin, but the whole body has a strand "rigid" strength. The leaves are alternately opposite, the leaves are nearly leathery, thick and piercing, slender and elongated, the apex is "short convex point", and the base of the leaf becomes narrow. The two leaves, joined together at the base of the leaf, form a "short sheath" that protects its stem. The lower leaves are slightly wider and oblong, while the upper leaves are more elongated and linear.
The flowers are umbel-shaped inflorescences that grow at the tip of the plant or in the leaf axils. Each small flower has 5 petals, obovate-oblong, and the top of the petals is "truncated" or slightly "concave". The petals are pink or white, as if affected by temperature, and pink appears at low temperatures, and are white when the temperature rises. The flower is not large, about the size of a bean, and it is very small. Calyx bell-shaped or funnel-shaped, calyx tooth 5, ovate-triangular, half the length of the petals.
Its stamens are relatively long, protruding from the core, longer than the petals, and like the petals, they stretch out in all directions. When you see its stamens, you will understand how apt the name "Stamen Stone Flower" is. The flower column is also long and linear, protruding from the inside. The flowers are clustered, many and dense, and the more and more elegantly lined up, and the nickname of the flowery grass is also based on this. The flowering period is from June to September, and the fruiting period is from August to October.
Notice:
In the next online nature reading class, Mr. Jiang Hao will continue to talk about the topic of mountain vegetables, so stay tuned!