It is necessary to strengthen the technical support of emergency management equipment, optimize the integration of various scientific and technological resources, promote independent innovation in emergency management science and technology, and rely on science and technology to improve the scientific, professional, intelligent and refined level of emergency management. It is necessary to intensify the allocation of advanced and applicable equipment, strengthen the research and development of key technologies, and improve the ability to respond to and deal with emergencies. It is necessary to adapt to the general trend of the development of science and technology informatization, promote the modernization of emergency management with informatization, and improve the ability of monitoring and early warning, supervision and law enforcement, auxiliary command and decision-making, rescue and actual combat and social mobilization.
——General Secretary Xi Jinping's Speech at the 19th Collective Study Session of the Political Bureau of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (November 29, 2019)
Strengthen technical support for emergency management equipment
General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed: "It is necessary to increase the allocation of advanced and applicable equipment, strengthen the research and development of key technologies, and improve emergency response and disposal capabilities." "Modern emergency management equipment is an important guarantee for disaster prevention and mitigation, safe production and emergency rescue. To speed up the modernization of emergency management equipment, it is necessary to increase the technological innovation and core technology research of emergency management equipment, promote the research and development and testing of new equipment, break through a number of "stuck neck" technical problems, strengthen the allocation of advanced and applicable equipment, and establish an emergency management equipment system that is compatible with the framework of large safety and emergency response.
1. Equipment modernization is an important symbol of emergency management modernization
General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed: "Weapons and equipment are an important symbol of military modernization and an important support for national security and national rejuvenation. "If you want to do a good job, you must first sharpen your tools. As the foundation and guarantee of emergency management, emergency management equipment is also the weapon and tool of emergency management personnel, and its development level largely determines the strength of emergency management capabilities and reflects the level of emergency management modernization.
Emergency management equipment is related to risk prevention. Natural disasters occur frequently on the mainland, the situation of production safety is still grim and complex, and the security situation in urban and rural areas does not allow for optimism. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "It is necessary to build a public security civil air defense, physical defense, and technical defense network, and realize the overall coordination of personnel quality, facility support, and technology application." "To prevent major safety risks, we need to rely on modern risk monitoring equipment and facilities, improve the integrated risk monitoring and early warning system of "air, space and ground", change the traditional mode of staring and guarding, rely on automation, digitalization and intelligent equipment to improve the modernization level of safety supervision, and solve the problem of "not feeling and transmitting" major risks.
Emergency management equipment is related to command decision-making. Correct decision-making comes from a comprehensive and accurate grasp of disaster and accident site information, and efficient command requires that instructions be quickly and accurately communicated to commanders and combatants at every level. Modern emergency command is changing from traditional voice command, hierarchical command, departmental command and experience command to video command, flat command, comprehensive command and scientific command, relying on modern information collection equipment, communication equipment and command equipment, quickly establish a command and communication network between the command headquarters and the disaster site, quickly transmit the on-site audio and video information, environmental disaster information to the command center, solve the problems of difficult command decision-making and slow command issuance, and improve the scientific, efficient and accurate level of emergency command and decision-making.
Emergency management equipment is related to rescue capabilities. Emergency rescue is a race against time for encounters and tough battles, often faced with power outages, circuit breaks, network outages, extreme environments and complex terrain in mountains and valleys blocking rescue channels, often need to save lives under conditions such as ruins, floods, mudslides and other conditions, and even face threats such as toxic and harmful gases, high temperature and smoke. Without advanced equipment support, it is difficult to achieve scientific, efficient and safe rescue. It is necessary to intensify the research and development and deployment of advanced and applicable equipment, strive to change the backward mode of relying on "walking on two legs and rescuing with a shovel" in extreme situations, reduce direct confrontation with man-made disasters, and continuously improve rescue capabilities and modernization levels.
2. Strengthen the research and development of emergency management equipment
General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "We must not wait for time to promote self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology, seize the day to break through the 'stuck neck' problem, and strive to master the key core technology and equipment manufacturing industry in our own hands." "With the acceleration of the construction of a scientific and technological power and a manufacturing power in the mainland, the rapid development of a new generation of information technology and equipment manufacturing technology, and the rapid development of intelligent equipment such as intelligent construction machinery, robots and unmanned aerial vehicles, it has created good conditions for the upgrading of traditional emergency management equipment and the improvement of equipment intelligence and environmental adaptability.
Grasp the direction of key breakthroughs. In terms of monitoring and early warning, we will vigorously develop comprehensive, broad-spectrum, and low-cost monitoring technology and equipment based on Beidou-3 and 5G communication technology, and non-intrusive remote sensing technology and equipment based on remote sensing satellites and other means. In terms of safety production, we will vigorously develop intrinsically safe technology and equipment, and promote "mechanized substitution, automation reduction, and intelligent unmanned" technology and equipment. In terms of emergency rescue, we will vigorously develop a digital rescue and digital battlefield equipment system based on emergency tactical Internet, on-site environmental disaster awareness technology and equipment, and Internet of Things communication technology, and promote the application of drones and robots. In terms of traffic emergency support, we will improve the aviation rescue equipment system and vigorously develop digital airspace management and command technology and equipment. In terms of medical rescue, we will speed up the development of integrated pre-hospital rescue equipment and telemedicine support technology, and strive to increase the survival rate.
Overcome the problem of "stuck neck" of emergency management equipment. In view of the difficult emergency communication problems under extremely difficult conditions, efforts are made to develop communication networks that can be quickly restored under complex terrain and under the conditions of power outages, circuit breaks, and network outages, as well as temporary emergency communication technology and equipment in complex limited spaces and underground coal mines. Focus on the research and development of unmanned rescue, digital battlefield rapid deployment network technology and equipment, breakthroughs in intelligent construction machinery, robots, drones and other unmanned equipment cluster collaborative operation of key technologies, the development of emergency rescue and major danger situations of serialization, complete sets of new efficient disposal of key technical equipment, research and development of detection and monitoring technology and equipment that can be carried on UAVs and communication towers and other platforms.
Improve the level of intelligence, lightweight, and modularization. Focusing on promoting the intelligence and lightweight of equipment and equipment, strengthening the integration and multi-functional design of equipment, promoting the application of various emergency rescue assistance robots, non-powered assistance machinery and other equipment, and improving the modernization level of emergency rescue equipment carried by individual soldiers. Focusing on the modularization of emergency rescue equipment, we will study the modular technology of large-scale construction machinery and other types of equipment and on-site rapid disassembly, transfer and assembly technology, develop specialized, standardized and modular equipment, and improve the cross-regional intermodal transportation capacity of equipment for various modes of transportation.
3. Strengthen the construction of emergency management equipment system
On October 10, 2018, General Secretary Xi Jinping presided over the third meeting of the Central Financial and Economic Commission, which pointed out that "the implementation of the modernization project of natural disaster prevention and control technology and equipment, increase the intensity of key technology research, and improve the level of professional technical equipment of the mainland rescue team". The Ministry of Emergency Management has vigorously promoted the construction of a modern emergency management equipment system with the modernization of natural disaster prevention and control technology and equipment.
Improve equipment support capacity. Focusing on the establishment of a national equipment support system that is compatible with the emergency response system and capabilities of major countries, accelerate the research and development of emergency management "national heavy weapon" and "trump card" equipment, further improve the performance of large-scale long-endurance UAV communication platforms, develop emergency management UAVs near space, optimize the national layout, improve the reconnaissance and communication support capabilities of major natural disasters, and shorten the blind spot time of information on major earthquakes and catastrophes. Accelerate the layout and construction of large-scale fixed-wing fire-fighting aircraft, large-load high-prototype fire-fighting helicopters and unmanned aerial vehicles, and pay close attention to the research and development of flight safety and operation assistance systems to improve the efficiency of forest fire fighting. We will speed up the construction of water operation platforms for flood disasters, and improve the efficiency of breach plugging and water search and rescue operations.
Implement the project of equipment modernization. Strengthen the equipment construction of national and regional emergency rescue centers, increase the proportion of advanced technology equipment such as medium-sized unmanned aerial vehicles, robots, and intelligent rescue equipment, and strengthen regional support capabilities. We will intensify the deployment of logistics support equipment, advanced communication equipment, and intelligent unmanned equipment for the national comprehensive fire and rescue teams and safe production rescue teams, accelerate the unification and standardization of equipment, improve the performance of advanced main battle equipment, and gradually improve the modernization level of equipment for emergency rescue teams. Strengthen the construction of self-rescue and mutual rescue equipment for local professional rescue forces and grass-roots units such as townships, towns, villages, and communities, especially satellite communication equipment, and improve the ability to report disasters and provide communication support under the conditions of power outages, circuit breaks, and network outages.
Carry out equipment upgrading operations to meet standards. Focusing on the needs of flood prevention and rescue, forest fire rescue, command and communication, and earthquake rescue, we have issued capacity specifications and equipment standards for emergency management equipment construction, strengthened the supply of emergency management equipment standards, compiled a catalogue for the promotion of advanced technology and equipment, and guided local and grassroots units to strengthen the allocation of key core equipment, so as to further improve the equipment level of rescue teams. Establish and improve the capacity assessment system for emergency equipment, regularly organize and carry out capacity assessments, and promote local and rescue teams to strengthen their strengths and weaknesses, make up for shortcomings, and improve their capabilities in equipment construction.
Fourth, cultivate the ecology of the safety emergency equipment industry
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "It is necessary to consolidate and strengthen the foundation of the real economy, take the development of strategic emerging industries such as integrated circuits, network security, biomedicine, power equipment, and safety emergency equipment as the top priority, and strive to build a world-class advanced manufacturing cluster." "The construction of emergency management equipment is inseparable from industrial support, and the development of industry is inseparable from demand.
Strengthen the guidance of policies and standards, incorporate the demand for emergency management equipment into the strategic layout and task directory related to the emergency industry, promote the supply-side structural reform of the emergency industry, solve the problem of insufficient supply of advanced equipment, help the high-quality development of the emergency industry, and rely on the huge emergency industry to improve the modernization level of emergency management equipment.
Strengthen policy incentives and guidance, study and introduce a series of industrial policies such as advanced promotion, pilot construction, and base creation, promote the implementation of equipment development planning and construction standards, attract more high-quality social resources to invest in the emergency management equipment industry, and promote the collaborative innovation and systematic development of the equipment industry.
Strengthen the traction of equipment demand, in view of the characteristics of equipment construction, such as a wide range of fields, many links, and heavy tasks, accelerate the establishment of emergency management and industry and information technology, development and reform, science and technology and other departments to coordinate and link the working mechanism, increase the application of equipment allocation, and improve the level of equipment modernization of rescue teams.
Strengthen the demonstration of advanced equipment, formulate management measures for the actual combat testing and verification of new equipment, explore the construction of a number of equipment test bases, establish a standardized equipment actual combat test system, organize the pilot construction of advanced technology and equipment application, and create a number of demonstration bases that can be replicated and promoted.
Source: Excerpt from "In-depth Study and Implementation of Xi Jinping's Important Expositions on Emergency Management"
Editor/Producer: Deng Boya
Reviewer: Tang Yuandong
Review: Liu Chunxiang