Today, let's talk about the thyroid gland because there are too many cases of problems with this organ in our women!
Hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, after nail cancer, thyroid nodules, I would like to ask everyone, do we have ourselves and the female friends around us?
Because of its high incidence, the thyroid function status (thyroid function) during pregnancy will directly affect the baby's growth and development (intellectual problems, easy miscarriage, etc.).
So, have to pay attention!
However, at different gestational weeks, the impact of normal nail function of expectant mothers is slightly different:
Before 10 weeks of pregnancy, all the thyroid hormones of the fetus are provided by the expectant mother, so the thyroid function status of the expectant mother directly affects the differentiation and development of the baby's nervous system.
At 10~12 weeks of pregnancy, the fetus can ingest iodine, the raw material for the production of thyroid hormones, and can synthesize thyroxine by itself, but the total amount is relatively small, and the expectant mother still needs to provide it.
After 18~20 weeks of pregnancy, the fetus can basically support itself, and the iodine required is no longer dependent on the expectant mother.
In summary, whether the thyroid function is normal or not is especially important in the first trimester.
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To ensure that thyroid function is normal, it is necessary to emphasize preconception examination!
Because most of us don't find out that we're pregnant until at least 5 weeks after conception, obstetrics and gynecology screening for thyroid function in the first trimester is generally around 8 weeks of pregnancy. Remember that before 10 weeks of pregnancy, all the thyroid hormones needed by the fetus come from the mother. Therefore, if there is a problem with thyroid function before pregnancy, the damage to the early stage of embryonic development has already formed, which may increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
So! Sisters! The pre-pregnancy examination must be done, and the nail work must be checked!!
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If I do have a thyroid problem, how should I eat my diet?
hypothyroidism:
In terms of diet, there is no need to limit iodine (iodized salt is normally eaten at 5g/day).
If you eat iodized salt before pregnancy, you can also eat it during pregnancy, and iodine-rich foods can also be eaten (1-2 times/week). In addition, it is necessary to consume multivitamin products/pregnant women's milk powder with additional iodine, which can be eaten only in limited amounts.
Hypothyroidism is often associated with hypothyroidism and requires iron and B vitamins (B12, folic acid).
Hyperthyroidism:
Pregnant women with pre-pregnancy hyperthyroidism and a low-iodine diet should consume iodized salt at least 3 months before the planned pregnancy to ensure adequate iodine stores during pregnancy.
Pregnant mothers with hyperthyroidism can also eat iodized salt during pregnancy.
If hyperthyroidism is well controlled during pregnancy, iodine-rich foods can also be eaten, and multinutrient products/pregnant women's milk powder with additional iodine supplementation can be eaten, which can be eaten only in limited amounts.
However, if hyperthyroidism is not well controlled during pregnancy, iodine-rich foods and iodine-containing multivitamin preparations must be restricted.
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Hashimoto's thyroiditis:
More and more young women are suffering from pontomycitis, an autoimmune disease that causes the destruction of normal thyroid tissue and can then slowly progress to hypothyroidism.
Hashimoto's thyroiditis is mainly followed up regularly with some surveillance.
Pregnant women who have immune thyroiditis should eat iodized salt normally, and iodine-rich foods 1-2 times a week.
After nail cancer:
After the operation, thyroxine tablets were supplemented, and the diet was mainly to solve the interaction between drugs and food, and there was no special requirement for iodine intake, and the diet was normal.
Thyroid nodules:
Some pregnant mothers believe that eating more iodized salt may be the cause of thyroid nodules, so they choose an iodine-controlled diet.
Note!
It is not necessary to take iodized salt if you find thyroid nodules!
It is normal to eat iodized salt if you have thyroid nodules!
Thyroid diseases are complex and diverse, and each has different causes and pathogenesis. Therefore, for pregnant women with different thyroid diseases, how to supplement iodine, they should try to follow the doctor's advice, and do not blindly cut off iodine! Because iodine is so important for fetal development!
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Precautions for taking medication:
It should be taken in the morning on an empty stomach with an interval of 2-4 hours with soy products, milk, calcium, iron, and high-fiber meals. so as not to affect the absorption of LT4 (levothyroxine tablets).
When we think of iodine-rich foods, we think of seafood (fish, shrimp, crabs, shellfish) and algae, but in fact, their iodine content is very different:
Iodine contains thousands to tens of thousands of micrograms (iodine-rich) - algae:
Kelp, seaweed, seaweed, moss, spirulina.
Iodine content hundreds to thousands of micrograms (high iodine content) - shrimp and shellfish:
The iodine content of geoduck and mussels is higher, but the iodine content of dried shrimp is slightly lower.
Iodine content from tens to hundreds of micrograms (containing iodine) - fish:
Marine fish and shrimp, but hairtail, small yellow croaker, mackerel, and salmon have very low iodine content, or even about the same as freshwater fish.
In addition, iodized salt is usually not low in processed products, pickled products, and seasonings.
Thyroid problems are really common, so don't be afraid.
If we eat right, we can help the healthy development of the fetus.
Reference: 2022 Guidelines for the Prevention and Management of Thyroid Diseases in Pregnancy and Childbirth
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