In March 1939, Yan Weibing was assigned by the organization to participate in the women's movement delegation organized by the Central Women's Commission to go to the front line and concurrently served as a special reporter for the Yan'an "Chinese Women" magazine.
From one of the expeditions: from Yan'an to Lanxian
Braving the chill of early spring and the yearning of youth, I marched to North China with the regiment. I am willing to train myself into strong steel in the northern frontier.
On the 16th, Yan'an, which was bombed several times, had only a deep dead silence in the morning and dusk, and there were few pedestrians on the street in the early morning except for broken tiles and broken bricks, and occasionally one or two elderly people were haunted in it, and the appearance was also very lonely; The activity of the mountain city before May was a bomb for "civilized people", and it was swept away! Walk through a few alleys, silently, seriously. When we walked out of the east gate, the group felt parting in their hearts: "Ah! Yan'an, you solemn and majestic ancient city! "The singing is rippling in our mouths, and the emotions of imminent delay, although we are soldiers, are no less than!
The march was unprecedented, on foot, and the journey to the north was also the first. All the way to the mountains continuously, the clear stream is murmuring, the sun in early spring feels warm but not hot, the willow color adds new green, the mountain ploughs up a new furrow, three miles and a village, five miles and a village, although there is no dense forest and bamboo, but there is no lack of chickens and dogs barking; The sparse jujube forest is screened by the bright sun, and a row of caves is hidden, which looks like a farm in medieval Western Europe; The semi-circular cave, like an arch, is solemn and plain, real, and the countryside in the northwest has its own special beauty.
On the twenty-fifth day, the Wuding River was crossed. In the past, I had estimated it with the painting of the poem, "Poor Wuding River Bone, still a person in a spring boudoir dream", under the meeting, this idealistic idea is wrong, the waves are rapid, turbid muddy water, the so-called Wuding River is nothing more than that! The river surrounds the east of Suide City, and the Yongding Bridge is erected. The Yongding Bridge on the Wuding River is quite interesting to name. The bridge has a stone lion town seat, and there is a monument to the fallen soldiers of the Anti-Japanese War at the end of the bridge. Naturally, our group couldn't help but think of the Lugou Bridge on the Yongding River. "Go back to your hometown!" Go back to your hometown"! This roar, together with the sound of the waves at the bottom of the bridge, permeated in the morning!
It is all north, there are poplars and poplars along the way, the north wind welcomes the crowd from the south, the yellow sand blows on the face, the face seems to be coated with paste, and it is uncomfortable to be dried by the sun. On the twenty-ninth day, he crossed the river and passed through the county seat of Jiaxian County in the morning. The whole city is on the top of a mountain. The towering ancient city, facing the waves of the Yellow River, reciting "listening to the lonely city in the middle of the night", unconsciously compares Jiaxian County to Kuifu, and incorporates it into the situation of poetry. There is no wind transition, it is too cheap, and the first-class spring water is mediocre, only evenly crepe, and there are no rolling waves. A strange rock cliff guards this moat, "consolidating the river defense" and "not letting the devil cross the Yellow River...... A line of big red characters, with a flow speed of two meters to four meters in one second, is better than the rapid flow of the Sichuan River, and the thrilling carvings of the cliff stone make people fascinated! Crossing the river is the Black Tiger Village, separated by a river, here is the open land of Shanxi! The children in the countryside are flying tile kites, and the spring in the south of the Yangtze River is rippling in this place!
Along the way, many residents treated us with surprise and love; The women of the non-border zone, the non-war zone, expressed their surprise at us: "female soldiers"!" There is a good life, but it is a crime with the army", said an old lady as we had lunch in the town of Grange. However, the women in the border areas and war zones have given us deep love and warm care. Our house is often crowded with old women, village babies, old farmers and even strong men; The women were even happier to approach us, holding the little dolls, and chatting for a long time. "Hmm! You are an anti-Japanese army, and you have walked dozens of miles today? Tired or not? "How many meals a day? Is it small rice? "The fellows cared for us. In front of our tattered quilts, the old lady often expressed her greatest envy: "Not soft and soft good things!" It must be warm! "I don't have a mother-in-law! The doll is in the house? "For the convenience of work, we often have family meetings with our fellow villagers. I asked, "Are your mother-in-law and men going to fight?" "If you do something wrong, you have to fight!" The answer was natural. I think that in the northwest of Shanxi, it is not a new thing for daughters-in-law and aunts to be beaten by mother-in-law and husbands. I deliberately said, "We men don't dare beat us!" We will earn our own money, and men will not dare to bully us! "I don't dare to bully you!" "Will you make your own money?!" They were amazed! "Is there such a thing in the world?" For thousands of years, rural women have held dolls, boiled tea and cooked rice, so that they are trapped in the small world of "home" and do not know what to do, there is more things she should do, in addition to "home", there is a huge world! "Are there child brides here?" "There you have it!" "A three- or five-year-old woman is worth forty or fifty, and a fifteen or sixteen-year-old is worth one hundred and eighty, which is precious!" Women are still seen in them as a trade in cattle and horses. "How old are the women here?" "How old? Thirteen, four at most, sixteen or seventeen, this is a rich woman. My daughter-in-law is sixteen years old and has been in the house for three years! "So early?" "Early? Not! Not early! It's all like that! "
These mothers-in-law and aunts, black goosebump turbans, wide blouses, no collar, narrow trousers, belts, lobe feet, cloud flower shoes, upper body like a Japan woman, lower body like Mr. Lu Xun described the second sister-in-law of the compass. They treat people very sincerely, cold cakes and hot rice soup are given to us to eat, and rotten grass and coal are given to us to burn kang.
Arrived in Lan County on April 4, completed the march plan to the northwest of Shanxi, 20 days, walked more than 900 miles, 11 counties, there was an inexplicable relief in my heart, facing the E'a Qingfeng of Luliang Mountain, I couldn't help but write like this;
Blue sky, white clouds, flying sand,
Ancient roads, slanting suns, marching troops,
It is Qingming;
Tall trees, famous mountains, low houses,
Old woman, group of babies, dusk,
Stay in a lonely village again.
Only a few dozen miles away from the line of fire, the sound of artillery is often heard in the morning and dusk, Lanxian was once occupied by the enemy, and it was recovered after the bloody battle of the 358th Brigade. The flames of the war have tempered the residents' hatred for the enemy, and their respect for the Eighth Route Army, the Anti-Japanese Army, compared with the residents of Chijianling, who are afraid that the devils will burn down their houses when they arrive in the village, so they wash away all the slogans on the wall.
April 7, 1939 in Qilan County
From the second of the expedition: from Lan County to Xing County
It was ten days after the Qingming Festival in Lanxian County, and it was supposed to be the season to wear jackets in Jiangnan, but it was still snowing the day before the departure here. One hundred and twenty miles from Lanxian to Xingxian, a big mountain, scheduled to run in two days; When we set out, the sky was full of rain clouds, and "if it doesn't snow, it has to rain." I thought to myself: "Today is sixty miles, a mountain, it's terrible to rain and snow!" "There were six people and donkeys. Although there is a lot of rain in the four realms, it can't stop us from moving forward! This day less than ten miles, the weather turned bright, the sun shot out from the clouds, the snow in the four fields was steamed into a cloud of light mist, Luliang Mountain was covered in moisture, the peak of the snow was revealed, bathed in the thin sunlight, there was a microcosm of the sea of clouds in Lushan. There was still snow in mid-April, but it was the first time I was born! Looking at the purity of the surroundings, the heart is bright and comfortable, really like Bingxin's so-called: "If you ascend to the fairy world, you will return to your hometown!" "
The rest of the inn deeply appreciates the poetry of "the sound of the chicken and the month of the shop, and the frost of the footsteps of the bridge"; Noodles millet wowotou is an important food in the northwest of Shanxi, Jiangnan people are very interested in eating this thing for the first time, and it should be regarded as a technology to make noodles: from the roll of noodles launched on the slate, to the noodles rolled with a rolling pin, the ingots in the palm of the hand, the noodles that are rubbed, all kinds of colors, but the rules of eating are the same, just chili powder, aged vinegar, at most only add shallots and vegetable oil.
Xingxian is one of the important bases in the northwest of Shanxi Province militarily, bordering Lan County in the east, Linxian County in the south, the Yellow River in the west, Lan Lan in the northeast, and Baode in the north; In February, when the enemy launched a large-scale attack on the northwest of Shanxi, Biguan, Shenchi, Ningwu, Lanxian and other places were occupied by the enemy for a time, and Xingxian immediately became an important rear in the war in the northwest of Shanxi. Now when the enemy is still staying in Jingle, Lishi and other places, Xingxian is still an important rear of the war! The county has a population of more than 90,000, and many residents of Chengguan have avoided the four townships, especially the wealthy. The county city wall has been torn down by mobilizing the common people. The city is not large, and the trade is depressed, but the behavior of the people is more open than in the neighboring counties, especially the women, and the young mothers-in-law cut their hair very much, but they are still small feet, and the girls hang their braids and wrap their lobes, and the little women of twelve or thirteen years old and the little mothers of fifteen or sixteen years old, there are still many of them.
I stayed in the county seat for two days, and on the afternoon of the third day, someone accompanied me to the countryside of the county seat forty-five miles. It was a cloudy day, the two of them climbed between the top of the mountain, and after a slope, they didn't see the old man before, and they didn't see the comer after, and they were a little anxious. What should I do if it rains? Unfamiliar mountain trails, uninhabited poor mountains! He was accompanied by a younger man than me, and he looked at me with his eyes open from time to time, as if he were begging for mercy and begging for help, surrounded by yellow hills, adorned with black dwarf trees that had no leaves. Gradually, I crawled on the back of a python! Under the feet is a valley more than ten zhang deep, and there is snow and ice at the bottom of the cliff, but there are blooming mountain peaches and wild apricots on it! It's so easy to get there!
In the countryside, the people's primary school is located, and the house is adjacent to the village office, perhaps because of the moderate location, it has become the only place for the villagers to wander. The director of the small school loves to drink tea, the pot often leaves old tea, the countryside of Shanxi, not better than Sichuan, nor than the village of Jiangnan has a teahouse, the small school has a huge empty room, and often has a cup of old tea, so it has become a people's club, especially after dinner, the house is often crowded with the villagers who work hard all day. Naturally, the gossip and trivia in the back alleys of the front village are also reflected and broadcast at this time and place!
Qianpo will marry his daughter-in-law tomorrow, and the fellow will ask the teacher (director of the Minxiao School) to write a happy couplet, "During the Anti-Japanese War, everything must be for the Anti-Japanese War, and marriage is also for the Anti-Japanese War, and you have to write a deputy anti-Japanese war happy couplet!" The director of the Minxiao said to himself; As a result, he cut off the old couplet of "happy today's cave room with candles, looking forward to his year's Guizi Lansun", and completed the things of the times: "Happy today's all-out war of resistance, and the final victory of his year", and also added the vice new alliance "Gao friends are full of friends on the war of resistance, and winning friends talk about equality", so happy that the villagers were full of smiles, and said that they would invite Mr. to go to his house tomorrow to drink a glass of light wine, and invited us all to go to the lively.
Naturally, I was not willing to give up this rare opportunity easily. The breakfast at the village office was late, and when I went to the front slope, the bride had already passed the door, and I deeply regretted that I was late. The wedding is the most solemn in the eyes of the common people, although the ordinary life is simple, but in order to marry a daughter-in-law, spend 3500, and even sell the ancestral property of the cattle, the common people do not care: as long as it is not too poor to afford to eat, there are usually three to five days of paving (all after the main day), the bride has to be a puppet for five days in this ritual tradition, playing this lively scene.
Five years ago, after "sprinkling walnuts", the groom would perform a "head-breaking ceremony" (hair ceremony) for the bride, and afterwards he would ask an old lady with many children and grandchildren in the village to perform a "closing ceremony" for the bride, but now many families are exempt from this custom.
I didn't see "worshipping heaven and earth", but I only saw a very interesting scene -- "scattering money". "Scattering account money", "sprinkling walnuts", the most wonderful "back light bucket", because it is carried out in the middle of the night, it is impossible to watch; "Scattering account money" is said to be: when the bride enters the door, the in-laws will sprinkle the five grains paper money to welcome the bride's face, and the ground must be sprinkled all over the ground with grain and rice, and the house is full of paper money. I didn't see the scene at that time when I went late, but according to the dazzling array of rice paper money in front of me, I expected that there must have been a lively scene at that time.
"Sprinkle walnuts" is a scene of four people, when the two newcomers enter the room, the door is closed, and the door is not opened until the end of this show. The in-laws put on the most magnificent clothes, piled up the joyful faces, sprinkled walnuts and red dates into the new house from the pane, and recited words in their mouths: "Double walnuts and double jujubes, both children come early, get up and slip a string, sit on a bench, draw a bow, shoot arrows, rub hemp, weave, white daughters, black children follow grandpa and mother"; Outside the window are the happy in-laws, watching the lively folks, cheering with the dolls, and in the house are two inexplicable protagonists, the thirteen-year-old bride and the fifteen-year-old groom!
"Back the lamp bucket" is the most solemn ceremony, and the time is also the longest, the bride has to sit in front of the lamp bucket, the whole night, can not sleep. Because this is the most solemn ceremony, the in-laws are afraid that the young daughter-in-law will doze off, forget to add oil, and put out the lamp. It is said that the in-laws have to patrol outside the window five times an hour! (Five is an auspicious number, do not patrol three times, think that "three" and "scattered" sound close) tell the new daughter-in-law not to snooze, don't forget to come on. This set is called "listening room" by the common people. If you are not careful and the lamp bucket is really extinguished, it is considered to be a great disadvantage, and the in-laws take it as taboo, and have a prejudice against the daughter-in-law, maybe the daughter-in-law will not be able to get the favor of the in-laws for the rest of her life! It is said that the bride is not allowed to eat anything on the wedding day in order to prevent defecation and defecation. If the bride does not follow this custom, if she makes a fuss and urinate when she sits upright at night, it is blasphemous, disrespectful, and taboo! So no matter how naughty the bride is, she has to be starving all day and sitting all night.
I was anxious to meet the new people, but waited until after "sprinkling walnuts". The groom wore a black twill jacket, green cotton trousers, a new outfit, white socks, black shoes, gray ties, and the most vivid was the red velvet knot on the black watermelon skin hat; He looked a little embarrassed, perhaps because of this serious scene, which made him feel uncomfortable. The bride has a phoenix crown python dress, a red dress, a jade belt, and a red scarf on her face, all of her body is red, her expression is unknown, and she sits on the kang. Because he is too small, compared with the groom, it is really a little asymmetrical.
In order to see the wedding in the northwest of Jin, it took two whole hours, although I saw the customs and etiquette of a different place, and felt satisfied with this, but my heart was like a heavy lead: the thirteen-year-old bride, a whole night of meditation, how will she spend the long night in the northwest of Jin? What's even harder is the ...... life in the future!
April 24, 1939 Sunjiazhuang
From the third line of the levy: the life and sale of marriages by women in Xingxian County
Xingxian is bounded between Luliang Mountain and the Yellow River, and is a very important county in the battle to defend the northwest and northwest of Jin. It was in mid-March, and because it was anxious to advance northward, it only stayed for seven days, so the understanding of the problem could not be deepened. According to what I have seen. The result is probably:
Xingxian is a mountainous county, the geology is relatively barren, the people are generally poorer than Hexi, and the women have more difficulties in life. The general area village is more than the city pass, the remote place is more than the passage, and especially the small village hiding in the mountain col is the most bitter. For example, in the countryside forty-five miles away from the city, there are women who wear jackets in winter to survive the bitter cold in the northwest of Shanxi, there are nine-year-old girls who do not wear skirts, and there are three women who wear four pairs of pants all year round, and often live here. Most rural women are busy all day long, in addition to burning, washing, sewing, bringing dolls, feeding livestock, pushing mills, and carrying water; Poor women with few men still have to go to the fields to help men plough in the spring and harvest in autumn, go up to the mountains to collect firewood, and do all the operations that the strong men do. What I eat is noodles, millet nests, wild vegetables, millet soup and batter, and what is squeezed out is all day of blood and sweat and all day of hard labor! Not only are they "poor" and "busy" overwhelmed, but the authority of their fathers and husbands, and the traditions of the old rites are the accomplices who torture them! But the vast majority of women are happy to know their fate, only complaining lowly, but not resisting! In addition to saying: "My family is poor, there is nothing!" "The mother-in-law and aunts are poor, and they don't have a little money in their hands!" "We just eat at home and wear home, and we can't do anything at home!" …… They had nothing to ask for but to complain about their grievances, where the pain came from, and they had nothing to ask for but to be part of the master at home and to have a few money tickets in their hands. During the march, we often met the young daughter-in-law who admired our life: "You are good, you don't have to worry about food and clothing, and you receive a salary!" "Look at how rotten my clothes are! Yours can be slippery! "You don't have anyone to take care of it, if you want to go east, you can be free!"
Ordinary life, only between the two gears of "eating" and "operating", does not care about political life, economic life, and no family entertainment, at most there are only a few women who can get by, occasionally touch a few cards, smoke a few hookahs, but this is only the mother-in-law of a rich family in Chengguan or the wives of the person in charge of the district office and village office, and the vast majority of women in the countryside can not take care of it. Murakami Guandi Temple thanks, old woman, little girl can listen to at least one play in the past year, but the young daughter-in-law Old Rites order her to "be at home!" Listen to the drama until you get older! "There are swings in the courtyard, although the in-laws do not prohibit the daughter-in-law from playing, but the housework is busy, so where can the daughter-in-law be idle? There is no cultural life, and although there are girls in the primary schools and the Women's Relief Association runs literacy classes, more than 98 percent of the women are illiterate. They are not allowed to have a cultural life. Despite this, they knew that the Japanese devils were hateful, the Chinese should fight the devils, and the Eighth Route Army fought well, and they were willing to make shoes to comfort them.
The woman had no status in the family, and the father regarded her as a commodity, and when she was old, as long as someone could afford to pay enough money, he sold her, and did not even ask whether the son-in-law was deaf, dumb, or disabled, or whether he was old or young! Husbands see women as living machines that they can buy with money, raise babies, and do housework! Women are more docile than oxen and donkeys, they just work all day long, they are never lazy, they are not like oxen and donkeys, when they are unhappy, they will raise their necks, give a long howl, pause their feet to rest, but they don't, not at all. Although the "family" is like this to her, the women are "willing to bear me", and the "family" is always "bow to the end, and then die"! In the mountains of the four townships of Xingxian County, how many little feet and aunts have bunches of dry firewood on their backs, squirming on the cliffs in the morning light, in the twilight; How many women pushed the heavy stone mill in the wind, frost, and sun, and circled around and pushed and rolled; How many women carry clumsy wooden barrels and swing at the bottom of the cliff to carry water up the mountain! Naturally, the women of rich families, the daughters-in-law of Chengguan are much more leisurely than them. But I also have to work all day long, holding dolls, cooking, spinning, and doing work. In their tense and serious lives, they could never imagine the "leisurely and chic" of their mothers-in-law and aunts in Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Hangzhou, and other big cities, let alone that some of the pioneers of women had raised their arms and shouted and fought bloody battles for the liberation of themselves and the suffering women!
According to the person in charge of the village, before the Anti-Japanese War, the standard of about 10 yuan a year old was followed, but after the Anti-Japanese War, the price was low, and more than 98 percent of the county took the form of buying and selling (cash transactions). Only a few officials in the former Qing Dynasty were embarrassed to bargain, and they did not buy and sell in fiat currency, but replaced them with other expenses, clothes and gold beads; The new men of the city, the likes of the executives, learned the beautiful way of trading, and demanded dowries; The poor family who is not rich adopts a straightforward exchange, often the two sides are the father's agreement, Party A marries Party B's daughter as a daughter-in-law, and at the same time the A daughter is returned to Party B, the countrymen think that this saves trouble and money, killing two birds with one stone; There are even those who exchange their daughters for ploughing cattle. How do the women of Xingxian know that on the other side of the river, women can participate in state affairs? And here she is just the equivalent of ploughing cattle!
The minimum age of marriage for women is 11 years old, and the vast majority are married between the ages of 13 and 18. Most people think that girls over 20 years old are rare, and there is no in-law who will be considered "not a good person"! There is a saying in the countryside: "Men get married, women get married, if it's too late to make a joke." There is also the "three no-stays" saying: "women don't stay, widows don't stay, and people don't stay" said.
Ordinary men are always older than women, and poor people are more cheating in marriage: women deliberately make their daughters older in order to sell more money, and poor men are afraid that they will not be able to marry a wife, and they are afraid of paying more, so they deliberately shorten their age, and as a result, a 12-year-old girl marries an old man who is nearly 40 years old! I've also met women who have been married for nine years, mothers who have raised children, and don't know how old their husbands are!
Women's chastity here is not as good as in Jiangsu and Zhejiang! There are very few widows, life is difficult, and it is common for women to remarry. There is no vulgarity such as "looking at the door and widowhood", but the stone archway of "bamboo and pine chastity" is also common in the four towns in the heart of the city. When a widow remarries, it is a bargain. Xingxian farmers have such a custom: "If a widow remarries, her mother-in-law's family will get two-thirds of the silver, and her mother's family will get one-third of the silver." "The value of an ordinary widow is higher than that of a girl, for the reason that the object of the sale of a widow is older, and the value of a widow is subject to the consent of the two families, and the spoils are divided between the two families. When a widow remarries, there are two kinds of treatment of children, which the countrymen call "the dead" and "the living": the dead and the family, and be the descendants of the family; But because the child is small, he can't leave his mother, so he lives with his mother for a few years, and then he still goes home.
Xingxian County has a population of 90,000, half of which -- our dear aunts and sisters live like this. Although carrying the rolling waves of the Yellow River, there is no life at all, just guarding the rhythm of thousands of years ago, every day and every hour, all year round like the dullness of Luliang Mountain!
May 19, 1939, Lan County
From the fourth of the expedition: from Lanxian to Jichajin
When the fragrance of acacia flowers fills the surroundings of the earthen walls, it is already the season of single clothes, and at the end of May, our group begins to advance to the new area of Jichajin. It is a long dry and rainless weather in the afternoon, there is no cloud in the sky, only the winding light moon and the fiery sun accompaniment, even the rapping pond frog, do not make the slightest sound.
At this moment, we are planning to open up, and I am really a little nostalgic for the village that has been living in the village for a month and a half, this familiar fellow villagers, village children, and familiar streets and alleys. Early in the morning, the eldest sister-in-law of the owner knew that we were going to pull out, so she boiled five eggs and fried a bowl of broad beans to send to me. I'm in trouble for you! "I can't say a word anymore.
Assembled in the forest in the east of the village, plus the warrior regiment, the working regiment and the escorted armed forces, our team that will march north will number about 400.
In order to complete this long and strong march, and still more to pass through the blockade line victoriously, in addition to a more rigorous organization of the march and all the necessary preparations, the brigades, squadrons, and even detachments set off the climax of the revolutionary contest: to ensure the progress of the study plan during the march; guarantee the secrecy of military operations between marches; ensure the effective compliance of the three major disciplines and eight points of attention; Guaranteed successful completion of the marching mission. Everyone enthusiastically participated in the competition, including those veterans who had glorious achievements, cadres from Jinggangshan, heroes from Pingxingguan, pioneers of the salvation movement, young students from Pingping, Tianjin, Beijing, and Shanghai, as well as children between the ages of 10 and 15. Our comrades, comrades, orderlies, breeders, and correspondents, as well as the members of each detachment, have a more specific scientific division of labor in their daily lives: they have special personnel responsible for beating camels, leading livestock, boiling water, cooking, cooking, and sweeping the floor. The gay men did the heavy work, and I was only responsible for cleaning the camp and sweeping the floor before and after the camp. Life began to be more tense, and the daily schedule lengthened and accelerated.
Advancing eastward from Lan County, we gradually approached the enemy area, and the tension of life and the difficulty of providing for us followed. Whenever they arrived at a campsite, in addition to releasing strict guard posts, the group leader led the squadron leaders, sub-leaders, and squad leaders to observe the surrounding terrain. "In that direction is the enemy, and if you go to a ravine, you can get out of the enemy's threat by climbing the mountain. There's a small meeting place, and there's the main meeting place. "At night, the gay men took turns on the task of patrolling the posts. When we entered the border of Yangqu County from Jingle, there were enemies on three sides, and our vigilance was also raised. The heavy enemy in Taiyuan was only a few dozen miles away from our camp, and the light cavalry arrived in two hours. A few nights the troops issued an order to "untie their clothes and unsaddle their horses", and after a march of 70 or 80 miles a day, they fell asleep at 11 o'clock in the evening, and although their bodies were tired, no one dared to sleep to death! In order to prevent the enemy from attacking at dawn, we often got up at three o'clock in the evening, ate our breakfast haphazardly, and set out at five o'clock. The more you run up, the more geology becomes, the small villages, the people are so poor, how hard it took millet to find it, and the vegetables are simply gone. A scoop of lard and salt flower soup, floating on a few poplar leaves and bitter vegetable crumbs, fills the empty stomach that can always be swallowed.
In Lou Fu Wading Wen River, there are Sichuan River tones in the surrounding mountains and stones, the water is not deep, and the morning dawn is just too cool! In the middle of the clouds, there are so many steep peaks, few trees, but wild roses are dotted with bald mountain tops.
Departing at 3 p.m. on June 3, it was decided to adopt a posture of combat readiness but avoid fighting, and to adopt a brave, calm, secretive, and swift posture to pass through the Dong Po Road and the Dayu Highway! After more than 130 miles of blockade, more than 80 miles of it was a night march. The full moon of the fifteenth, shining on the continuous mountains in the northwest of Jin, the moonlit night is as clear as day, and the huge troops and horses are marching on the top of the mountain under the stronghold of the enemy's Dingjiao! The closest to the enemy is two miles, and there is no need for long-range shells, and the enemy's firepower can directly threaten our group of night walkers! There is a high village, there is a white village, clearly presented in the moonlight, but we are not discouraged and cowardly, only to step tightly and advance bravely and calmly! Our bags, backpacks, and straw hats were all hung obediently, without a sound, except for the sandals grinding the sand and stones, making a rustling bass, no one dropped half a step, and the comrades with sick feet with sore feet, with the greatest perseverance, were helped by the comrades next to them, and they were moving forward tightly! The ten-year-old little servant, with his own light clothes on his back, and his broken straw sandals with his mouth wide open, tightly wrapped with strips of rotten cloth, are moving forward at the same time with the soldiers of the Long March!
The blue sky, decorated with stars, and the moon shines on us at the right oblique angle; There is Beidou, there is the empress, I have no time to see, the tight pace, only step by step, and do not allow the idleness of looking left and right! The dead and silent village, the moonlight shines on the wind and rain eroded gate, quietly there is no energy, only the thick shade of green trees, sieving the moon shadow, swaying in the wind, a little lively. People were asleep without moving. When crossing Tongpu Road, the emotions of the group were extremely high, and the pace was getting faster and faster, but strangely, we were not tired at all! The enthusiastic comrades-in-arms once leaned over and gently stroked this peculiar narrow track when they crossed the Tongpu Road! The villagers in Shanxi have aroused infinite remembrance and mourned the coagulation of the arterial canal! Behind the railway is the highway, and there are still scars of new cars on the road. More than 130 miles, although it is Pingchuan, fourteen hours, there is no food, and there is no rest of more than ten minutes three or five times! After climbing a mountain to the back cliff, I sat down with peace of mind, drank boiling water, and mixed fried noodles to satisfy my hunger! The sky is white, the moon has fallen from the western mountains, and only the morning star is twinkling in the sky. The morning of the fourth day has quietly fallen without realizing it!
Although we were in the most tired march, we did not relax our work and did not give up every opportunity that we should seize. As long as it is necessary in fact and time permits, a military-civilian gathering will be convened, and the comrades in charge of this work will carry out propaganda and education among the masses. The Dragon King Temple and the Guandi Hall are frequent venues, and the common people and the local garrison participate together. "The common people and the army are one and the same!" "Men are soldiers to defend their hometown, to defend their land, real estate, parents and children!" "The common people must contribute to help the army, work hard to produce, and ensure the supply of the army! Lead the way for the army to deliver a letter, stretcher wounded brother! "Don't listen to the rhetoric of traitors! Don't fall for the enemy's machinations! "…… and other slogans, shouting loudly!
We received the care and kindness of the masses along the way, and also listened to their complaints: "In the first month of the year, the devils attacked Wutai and passed through this village, the people ran down the mountain, all the pigs and chickens were slaughtered, and even the little pig sons were eaten. ……"
Along the Hutuo River, the water is so clear that it can shine on people, the mountain is no longer bare and monotonous, the magnificent green peaks, blocked around us, at this moment we have been moving at the foot of Taihang Mountain! At the same time, we have also passed through Shanxi and come to the edge of the Great Plain of Hebei! The countryside of Hebei is much more beautiful than Shanxi! The geology is also fertile, especially in the Hutuo River along the residents to divert water to irrigate the fields, the four fields are full of the sound of gurgling water, the green core of the tender seedlings, melons, fruits, vegetables, and the wheat peas that are about to ripen make people have a beautiful and delicious freshness. The common people are much more open than those in the northwest of Shanxi, especially the opening of women and daughters-in-law often amaze me. Their love and consideration for our female comrades often make me forget that I was in a foreign country!
June 21, 1939
[Yan Weibing, born in 1918 in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province. Born into a prestigious family. His father, Yan Pu, was the party's early leader in Wuxi. Yan Weibing has lived a hard life with her mother since she was a child. In 1937, he was admitted to the Chinese Department of Central University with the first place, and within a year, he resolutely left the school and went to Yan'an. He joined the Communist Party in 1938. In 1939, she inspected women's work behind enemy lines and served as a special correspondent for "Chinese Women". In 1940, he returned to Yan'an, where he studied and worked in the Central Party School and the Academia Sinica. In 1950, he worked as a secondary school instructor at the Beijing Education Bureau for three years, and then entered the Chinese People's University as a graduate student and as a lecturer in Marxism-Leninism at Peking University. In 1960, he was transferred to the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. He was persecuted by the counterrevolutionary clique of Lin Biao and Jiang Qing and imprisoned for 13 years, and was formally rehabilitated in the autumn of 1979. He retired after serving as a member of the Literature and History Research Office of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. He died on 15 March 1986. 】