Gan Ping: The new college entrance examination reforms the admission model of "college professional group" for college admissions

The new college entrance examination reforms the admission model of "college professional group" for college admissions

Director of The Admissions and Employment Office of Nanchang University, Gan Ping

The examination admission system is the basic education system of the country. Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up, China's examination enrollment system has been continuously improved and improved, and a relatively complete examination enrollment system has been initially formed, which has made historic contributions to student growth, national talent selection, and social fairness. But with the development of society, the people have also pursued higher education better. For example, how to increase the selectivity of students, how to effectively connect higher education and basic education, and how to provide a better quality talent training model that takes into account personality, etc., are all driving the further reform of the examination and enrollment system and improving the well-being of the people.

In 2014, the State Council issued the "Implementation Opinions on Deepening the Reform of the Examination and Enrollment System", according to this "Opinions", by July this year, 14 provinces and municipalities directly under the Central Government have launched the comprehensive reform of the college entrance examination, which is what we often call the new college entrance examination. In the autumn of 2021, Jiangxi and other 7 provinces and autonomous regions will also launch a comprehensive reform of the college entrance examination, and correspondingly, by 2024, the implementation of the examination enrollment will be a new recruitment model.

The comprehensive reform of the college entrance examination is not only related to "how to take the test", but also related to "how to recruit", which is a systematic reform in China's education system. Starting from 2024, the enrollment of ordinary undergraduate colleges and universities in Jiangxi Province will be reformed from the admission model of "parallel voluntary admission of colleges and universities" to the admission mode of "college professional group", and we will briefly interpret the enrollment and admission model of "college professional group" under the comprehensive reform of the college entrance examination.

I. Subject selection requirements for college admissions majors under the comprehensive reform of the college entrance examination

Colleges and universities will, in accordance with the requirements of the Ministry of Education's "Guidelines for the Selection of Subjects for Undergraduate Admissions in Ordinary Colleges and Universities", combined with the actual situation of professional talent training, put forward clear subject requirements for each enrollment major to college entrance examination students, and promote the effective connection between higher education and basic education in talent training. The new version of the guidelines is divided into subject scope 1 and subject scope 2. Subject scope one is to put forward one or no optional subject requirements (physics or history) in two optional subjects of physics or history; subject scope two is to put forward up to 2 or no subject requirements in the four optional subjects of ideology and politics, geography, chemistry and biology. The requirements for the selection of subjects for college admissions majors are issued after review by the education administrative department of the university location and the admissions department of the place where the student originates, for candidates to choose.

Second, the composition of candidates' pitch scores under the comprehensive reform of the college entrance examination

The "Implementation Opinions of the State Council on Deepening the Reform of the Examination and Enrollment System" proposes to strengthen the correlation between the college entrance examination and high school learning. After the implementation of the comprehensive reform of the college entrance examination, the total score of the candidates is composed of the results of the three subjects of the unified college entrance examination, Chinese, mathematics and foreign language, and the three subjects of the high school academic level examination. The subjects of the high school academic level examination that are counted in the total score are independently selected by the candidates in the subjects of ideology and politics, history, geography, physics, chemistry, biology and other subjects according to the requirements of the university and their own strengths.

For example, the "3+1+2" model adopted by the comprehensive reform of the college entrance examination in our province, "3" is the national unified examination subject Language, Mathematics, foreign language, all students must take the test; "1" is the preferred subject, candidates must choose one of the physics and history subjects in the high school academic level examination; "2" is a re-selection subject, candidates can choose two subjects in chemistry, biology, ideology and politics, geography 4 subjects.

3. The basis for the combination of "college professional groups"

1. Principled requirements

Grouped according to elective subjects: Majors divided into the same professional group, the requirements for elective subjects must be consistent. For example, the clinical medicine and stomatology majors of a university require physics, chemistry and biology to be selected; the basic medical major requires physics and biology to be selected. When preparing the plan, clinical medicine and stomatology can be in the same professional group, basic medicine is in another professional group, and basic medicine and clinical medicine and stomatology will not be in the same professional group.

2. Personalized needs

According to the individual needs of college enrollment, such as: Sino-foreign cooperative education, high fees, different academic systems, special physical examination requirements and other majors can be grouped separately, or all majors of a college of colleges and universities can set up a professional group, or a professional group can be set up separately for a major;

When filling in the volunteer form, candidates must carefully check whether their selective examination subjects are consistent with the requirements of the optional examination subjects of the "college professional group" major filled in, or whether they are consistent with the individual needs of the college major, if not, the "college professional group" volunteer is invalid.

Fourth, the admission of the "college professional group" is different from the admission of the "parallel voluntary admission of the college"

For general admissions under the non-college entrance examination reform model, the provincial recruitment office shall determine the plan, batch and line according to the literature and history and science and engineering categories, and admit the students according to parallel volunteer files.

For example, the first batch of undergraduates in Jiangxi Province in 2021 has a total of 65 enrollment majors and 2638 enrollment plans. Our pitch admission process is equivalent to Nanchang University in this batch is a bus, candidates only need to fill in a volunteer unit, that is, Nanchang University code, the provincial recruitment office in accordance with the principle of pitching, the qualified science and engineering candidates sent to nanchang University this bus. According to the school's enrollment regulations, Nanchang University assigns seats to candidates who get on the bus in accordance with the principle of "score priority and follow the volunteer", that is, to determine the pre-admission major.

For the general category enrollment under the comprehensive reform mode of the college entrance examination, the provincial recruitment office draws lines according to two categories, and the admission is carried out according to the parallel volunteer model of the "college professional group". Colleges and universities complete the admission work in the professional group according to the pitching situation.

For example, suppose that in 2024, a university will have 65 majors in the general undergraduate program of physics in Jiangxi Province. According to the comprehensive reform plan of the college entrance examination, the university has set up n professional groups of colleges and universities in this batch, which is equivalent to the university having n different minibuses in this batch (such as physics 001 group, 002 group, etc., each professional group is 1 volunteer unit), and in each minibus, the professional selection subjects are the same. Candidates may fill in several professional groups. The Provincial Admissions Office will send eligible candidates to one or more minibuses at the university in accordance with the Uniform Rules. According to the uniform rules, the university admissions department assigns seats to candidates in this minibus, that is, determines the pre-admission major within the professional group.

Fifth, the advantages of volunteering in the "college professional group"

1. More choices. Take the 2021 Hunan Province "College Professional Group" volunteer model as an example: in previous years, when non-college entrance examination reform Hunan candidates filled in parallel volunteers, they could fill in 10 college volunteers, each college could fill in 6 professional volunteers, up to 60 professional volunteers, assuming that the candidate wanted to study computer majors, he only had 10 schools to choose from. This year, Hunan implemented the comprehensive reform of the college entrance examination, according to the "college professional group" model to fill in parallel volunteers, candidates in the premise of paying more attention to professional choices, you can fill in 45 "college professional group" volunteer units, each volunteer unit can also fill in 6 professional volunteers, candidates can fill in up to 270 professional volunteers, assuming that candidates want to study computer majors, he has 45 colleges to choose.

2. Higher satisfaction. In non-college entrance examination reform provinces, candidates fill in volunteers because there are relatively few choices, if they do not meet the admission score line of their choice of majors, they may be transferred to majors that they are not interested in, and the satisfaction and satisfaction rate of volunteers will be affected. Under the voluntary reporting method of the "college professional group" of the new college entrance examination reform, the major will be subdivided into several different professional groups according to the consistency of the selection of subjects, the special requirements of the institution, etc., and each professional group is a major with the same subject selection, similar categories and the same requirements. Candidates can fill in the corresponding professional group volunteer according to their own interests, strengths or wishes, and eventually they are admitted to the majors in the group, such a model, the satisfaction and satisfaction rate of the candidates' volunteers will be improved.

3. More possibilities. Some professional groups of famous schools or professional groups with special requirements have more opportunities for candidates to enter famous schools because of uncertainty. For example, in 2021, a famous school in Guangdong physics the highest score professional group pitch line 678 points, the lowest score professional group pitch line 643 points, a difference of 35 points, candidates will have more possibilities and opportunities.

Source: "Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education" WeChat public account