180 flavors of traditional Chinese medicine, you can remember it clearly in one table, remember to download and save it!
First, the upper, middle and lower three products classification
The classification method of upper, middle and lower grades is the earliest classification method of traditional Chinese medicine, which can be found in the Shennong Materia Medica. There are a total of 365 kinds of medicines in this scripture, which are divided into three products: upper, middle and lower:
Top grade (120 kinds): non-toxic, multi-dose, long-term consumption does not hurt people, has the effect of nourishing and strengthening and prolonging life.
Medium grade (120 kinds): toxic or non-toxic, need to be used with discretion, with the effect of curing diseases and replenishing deficiency.
The next product (125 kinds): It is more toxic, can not be taken for a long time, and is mainly used to dispel cold and heat, break the accumulation, and treat diseases and attack evil.
This classification is based on the toxicity and effect of drugs, which has distinctive characteristics of the times, is the common embodiment of ancient philosophy and medical thought, and has had an important impact on the classification of traditional Chinese medicine in later herbal works.
2. Classification of natural attributes
The classification of the natural attributes of traditional Chinese medicine is a commonly used classification method in ancient works of materia medica. The earliest record is found in the "Materia Medica", which contains 730 kinds of medicines, which are divided into seven categories according to the natural properties of medicines: jade, plants and trees, insects and beasts, fruits, vegetables, rice food, and famous and unused, and each category is divided into three categories: upper, middle and lower. This method combines natural attributes with the classification of three products and has been used for hundreds of years.
3. Functional classification
While using the classification of natural attributes, the "Commentary on the Materia Medica" created a special project of "general medicine for all diseases", which created a precedent for the classification of the functions of traditional Chinese medicine. The Tang Dynasty pharmacist Chen Zangqi wrote the "Collection of Materia Medica" on the basis of the "New Revision of Materia Medica", and pioneered the "Ten Doses" classification method, which divided traditional Chinese medicine into ten categories: xuan, tong, tonic, cathartic, light, heavy, astringent, slippery, dry and wet according to the efficacy and function of the drug. This method of classification according to utility makes the classification of traditional Chinese medicine more perfect, and provides a theoretical basis for clinical traditional Chinese medicine.
Although the functional classification method has shortcomings such as inconsistent standards and intermingling of sub-items, it indicates that the classification of traditional Chinese medicines has been applied to clinical practice.
Fourth, the classification of sexual taste
Starting from the "Benjing", the herbal literature of all dynasties has attached great importance to the sexual taste of traditional Chinese medicine, and the herbal literature with the classification of sexual taste as the outline is mainly found in the Ming and Qing dynasties, such as "Pearl Capsule Finger Palm Supplement Medicinal Properties", "Medicinal Properties of the Main Disease Handbook", "Medicine Mirror", "Siwen Collection", "Materia Medica", "Concise Medicinal Properties", etc. There are various ways to classify it:
Classification is purely based on medicinal properties: for example, "Pearl Capsule Finger Palm Supplement Medicinal Properties" and "Medicine Mirror" are divided into four types: cold, hot, warm and flat.
Combined with the classification of medicinal properties and medicinal tastes: for example, "Concise Medicinal Properties" is divided into thirteen categories: sweet and warm, sweet and cold, sweet and flat, bitter and warm, bitter cold and bitter equality.
Combination of sexual taste and efficacy classification: For example, "Materia Medica" is divided into sweet and warm, sweet and cool, divergent, gas, blood, bitter and cool, bitter and warm, bitter cold, bitter heat, poisonous attack, etc.
These classification methods elaborated on the sexual taste of drugs and had a profound impact on the development of Chinese medicine in later generations.
