After viewing the "Tribute to the Master - Special Exhibition for the 130th Anniversary of the Birth of Lu Yanzhi".
Invited by the relevant parties of the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, yesterday morning, the author and some netizens came to the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall to visit the "Tribute to the Master - Lu Yanzhi's 130th Birthday Special Exhibition" unveiled on June 1.
Lü Yanzhi (1894.7.28—1929.3.18), a native of Chuxian County, Anhui Province, was born in Tianjin. In his early years, he studied architecture at Cornell University in the United States, received a Western academic architectural education, and later returned to China to engage in architectural design in Shanghai. He won the first prize in the design competitions of Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum in Nanjing and Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall in Guangzhou, and became the designer and architect of Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum in Nanjing and Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall in Guangzhou. He actively explored the road of modern Chinese architecture, became a great master who led the national revival of traditional architecture in mainland China in the early Republic of China, was an outstanding representative of the first generation of architects in mainland China, and was praised by the academic community as the founder of modern architecture in China.
The exhibition is planned and organized by the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall and the Management Center of the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall in Guangzhou. The exhibition is divided into three parts: a short and brilliant life, two major Sun Yat-sen memorial buildings with life, and exploring the road of modern Chinese architecture, with a total of 102 pictures and more than 20 cultural relics, comprehensively and systematically displaying Lu Yanzhi's life, architectural works and architectural thoughts, interpreting the historical, cultural and artistic values behind the architecture, and paying tribute to a generation of architectural masters.
During the exhibition, everyone listened carefully to the introduction of the young docent, and viewed the pictures and precious objects with great interest, and everyone appreciated Mr. Lu Yanzhi's tenacious fighting spirit and painstaking work performance, and deeply regretted his untimely death.
Although I have been to the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum countless times, I only have a superficial understanding of this world-famous building on the Mother Mountain, but through the exhibition, combined with some existing materials, I have a deeper understanding of the history of the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum.
At that time, Dr. Sun Yat-sen's funeral preparation office solicited extensive proposals for the design of the mausoleum, and the "Liberty Bell" design designed by Mr. Lu Yanzhi won the first prize. It was adopted because of the active support of Sun Ke. Lu Yanzhi was hired as the chief architect of the mausoleum. The overall pattern of the cemetery is "alarm bell", which means that the alarm bell rings for a long time. This group of buildings has achieved good results in the combination of shapes, colors, materials and details, and its harmonious tones enhance the solemn atmosphere. The dross of traditional feudal society was abandoned, and instead of setting up stone statues on both sides of the mausoleum, symmetrical cedar trees were planted, which are evergreen all year round.
Some of the "cold knowledge" about the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum has also been clarified to a certain extent, such as: the 392 steps of the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum allude to the fact that there were 392 million compatriots in China at that time. It is also said that "3" represents the Three People's Principles, "9" represents Kyushu Datong, and "2" represents the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, which is very interesting; There are a total of 339 stone steps from the stele pavilion to the sacrificial hall, which is said to be a reference to the fact that there were 339 members of the Senate and House of Representatives of the Kuomintang at that time, and each person served as a step to carry forward the spirit of Mr. Nakayama.
I often hear people say that when you look down from the top, you can only see one platform after another, but when you look up from the bottom, you can only see the steps and see the platform, and you can't understand it. Of course, some of these need to be further demonstrated.
During the visit, I asked the young docent a question, that is, the height of the stele in the Zhongshan Mausoleum Pavilion, and he thought about it carefully and quickly replied: the stele is 8.1 high. There is a discrepancy with the data I already have.
The correct answer is that the stele is 8.1 meters high and 4 meters wide, and it is engraved with the words "The Chinese Kuomintang buries Premier Mr. Sun on June 1, the 18th year of the Republic of China", with 24 large characters in regular script and gilded. There is also an engraved Kuomintang emblem on the stele. An important feature of this monument is that Mr. Sun's funeral was a party funeral. There is also an inscription on the reverse side of the stele, and the pattern on it is on the clouds and down to the sea, which means that Mr. Zhongshan's merits are higher than the sky and deeper than the sea. I can't help but admire the young man's "can't ask" knowledge reserve.
According to Li Gongzhong's book "Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum: The Birth of a Modern Political Symbol": As early as when the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum was selected, all members of the funeral preparation office, including Sun Ke and Song Qingling, emphasized that the location of the tomb should be higher than that of the Ming Tomb, and "no one should be allowed to build a tomb at a higher place"; When determining the size of the stele stone of the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, the Ming Tomb Divine Meritorious and Holy Virtue Monument was also measured, which set the tone for the historical status of the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum.
Nanjing Zhongshan Mausoleum is located at the southern foot of Xiaomao Mountain, the second peak of Zhongshan Mountain, the back mountain faces south, it is "the front of Pingchuan, the back of Qingzhang", the momentum is magnificent and magnificent. The east and west sides of the mausoleum are also clustered with the tombs of Liao Zhongkai and He Xiangning and his wife and the tombs of Deng Yanda, Tan Yankai and other fathers of the Republic of China.
The monument of Mr. Sun Yat-sen, although the height is a little less, but it weighs dozens of tons, and is carved from a huge granite. It is an inscription written by Tan Yanmin: "The Chinese Kuomintang buries Premier Mr. Sun here, June 1, the 18th year of the Republic of China", the word is Yan, the strokes are smooth, the structure is rigorous, strong and powerful, and it is by no means inferior to those tombstones of the emperor and general. Mr. Lu Yanzhi successfully completed the requirements of the Preparatory Office.
At present, the development of cultural tourism is the first word. It can be seen that while people travel, leisure, and let go of themselves, they should not forget the edification of cultural connotation, and cultural self-confidence should be based on culture. Therefore, friends, please take some time to go to the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall to take a look in addition to visiting the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum Scenic Area in Nanjing.