Yang Ming Psychology: Helping to build the ethical spirit of contemporary China

　　◤ Wang Yangming, as the backbone of Song and Ming Dynasty science, proposed "to conscience" and "unity of knowledge and action", creating a new world of Song and Ming science after Zhu Zi. Exploring and interpreting Wang Yangming's thoughts of "to conscience" and "unity of knowledge and action" has certain theoretical value and practical significance for constructing the ethical spirit of contemporary China.

　　Wang Yangming is the culmination of Lu Wang's Xinxue, not only proficient in Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism, but also able to lead the army to fight, and is a rare all-round Confucianism in Chinese history. Wang Yangming's academic thought has undergone three transformations, the study of words and chapters, the study of Zhu Zi, and the study of the Buddha are the early academic approaches of Yangming, but they all make Wang Yangming not get the way of the sage, and then he realizes "the way of the sage, self-sufficiency, and does not seek anything else" ("Annals"), and gradually formed his mental thoughts. As a reflector and critic of Cheng Zhu's science, Wang Yangming has a very respectable position in the history of science. His concept of the unity of conscience and knowledge and action changed Cheng Lixue's tedious and empty talk of seeking reason, which triggered a self-innovation movement within Lixue. The Zen study of the Wangmen in central Zhejiang and the secularization of the Taizhou school in the later Yangming Dynasty led to the reflection and criticism of Yangming in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, which made the study of Qianjia research a typical academic trend of thought in the Qing Dynasty. Exploring Wang Yangming's thought on the unity of conscience and knowledge and action and reinterpreting it has certain theoretical value and practical significance for constructing the ethical spirit of contemporary China.

　　Good and Evil: More Moral Consciousness

　　The question of good and evil is one of the core issues of Confucianism's theory of sexual nature, and Mencius's theory of sexual goodness and Xunzi's theory of sexual evil in the pre-Qin period opened up the debate on this issue within Confucianism. Wang Yangming's theory of good and evil is a development of Mencius's theory of goodness, which further highlights people's moral consciousness, "no good and no evil is the body of the mind, and there is good and evil is the movement of the will." It is conscience to know good and evil, and to do evil for good is to be a thing" (Biography II). Through the practice of practice and the tempering of time, we will continue to cultivate ourselves into a kind-hearted, ethical and moral person, and full of awe, compassion and fraternity of "respecting heaven and loving others, self-interest and altruism". "The heart of the husband and the saint takes all things in heaven and earth as one, and he regards the people of the world as far and near, regardless of whether there is flesh and blood, and all the relatives of his Kundi are the relatives of his sons, and they are not safe and nurtured, so as to realize the idea of the unity of all things." Ideologically speaking, a gentleman's personality cultivates his own affairs, altruism and happiness, and he must be a gentleman who is open-minded, self-respecting, and shares sunshine with others. The formation of good character is not an easy thing for people, and they are often faced with external temptations, and if they cannot maintain their characterization, they will go astray. "It's easy to break the mountain, but it's hard to break the heart." Greed, selfishness, resentment, pain, arrogance, arrogance, confusion, and desire are all thieves in the heart and the root of all suffering. In addition, the thoughts, thoughts, mindsets, and habits that go against science, are divorced from reality, and do not conform to the law, and make people suffer setbacks and failures in the face of real life, all belong to the "thief in the heart" and should be eliminated.

　　Knowledge and action: pay attention to "quiet" cultivation

　　Wang Yangming proposed that the unity of knowledge and action is mainly aimed at the practical drawbacks of the separation of knowledge and action within science, and there is a strong desire to save the world. Although in Wang Yangming's time, people realized the seriousness of this problem, but they had no way to start, Wang Yangming broke the simple concept of knowledge and action in the order of knowledge and action, and recognized this problem from the inseparable nature of the two, "the beginning of the knowledge of the knower, the knowledge of the doer" "The ancients said both a knowledge and a doer, just for the world there is a kind of person, ignorant and arbitrary to do, all incomprehensible and introspective, but also just a vain act, so must say a knowledge, in order to do it" ("Biography of the Record"). Wang Yangming believes that the difference between true knowledge and false knowledge is the key to the unity of knowledge and action, and false knowledge is the root cause of people's wrong behavior. In the process of the development of human society, sociality is becoming more and more complex, and as a social individual, we must judge the situation when doing everything; As a manager, you need to have a sense of morality and law, a sense of the red line and the bottom line, and you can't act arbitrarily. There is an excessive zone of practice between knowledge and action, and Wang Yangming attaches great importance to the work of "quietness" as the main way for individuals to return to their conscience. "Knowing how to recuperate without self-denial. Then it will be overturned. People need to grind in things to be able to stand still, so that they can 'be still and fixed, and move is also fixed'. When we perceive things and practice personally, we can internalize our conscience into a real existence in the depths of our soul by eliminating distractions and thoughts, and we can truly transform this internalized spirit into a guide and motivation for our actions, so that we can not be alarmed. If learning and practicing are mere formalities, you will become a "good dragon of Ye Gong", and you will be flustered and have no owner in trouble. In daily life, we should be good friends with relatives and others. When acting, we must empathize, and to achieve others is to achieve ourselves. As a seer or gentleman, love should be related to the people, benefits should be sought by the people, and power should be used by the people, which is the main foothold of Yangming's emphasis on the unity of knowledge and action, and Wang Yangming's study of merit is also centered on this point.

　　Aspire: Achieve "self-discovery" and "self-realization"

　　Aspiration is one of the most robust and positive spiritual forces in Chinese culture, which not only indicates a person's development goals, requires people to respect morality, cultivate their careers, and improve themselves, but also encourages people to make gradual progress and persevere. If you waste time, you will inevitably achieve nothing. "If you don't have a will, there is nothing to do in the world, although you have a hundred skills, there is no one who is not based on your ambition. Today's scholars are lazy and lazy, playing with the old age, and nothing has been accomplished, all because of the lack of ambition. Yang Ming thought is the process of "self-discovery" and "self-realization", looking at the ups and downs of his political career and the dilemma of living in poverty, without the courage and perseverance of "determination", it is difficult to achieve Wang Yangming, a master of mind. "The learning of a gentleman is always and everywhere without ambition. Look at it squarely, and see it without seeing it; Listen to it, and no one else hears it. Like a cat catching a mouse, like a chicken covering its eggs, the spirit and mind are condensed and fused, and no longer know that there is anything else, and then this will always stand, the spirit is shrewd, and the righteousness is clear. Only by fully understanding oneself can we correctly view the relationship between oneself and external objects, oneself and the world, and oneself and others. Only by making one's heart strong enough can one ensure the ultimate realization of one's ideals. "The madman is determined to be ancient, all the hustle and bustle is not enough to tire his heart, and it really means that the phoenix soars in a thousand miles." The madness of Confucianism makes up for the restraint of life brought about by its doctrine, "The moon is bright everywhere in the Mid-Autumn Festival, and there are heroes everywhere." You have to be merciful and have studied for thousands of years, and you can't live a life for a boy. The influence is still doubtful Zhu Zhonghui, and he is ashamed of Zheng Kangcheng. In the sonorous spring breeze, although the point is crazy, I love it" ("Two Songs on a Moonlit Night"). A person's vision, cultivation, mind, and ability determine their height. When a person has the world in mind, he can think about problems from the height of a saint and see the general trend of the world and the reason for success or failure. People who truly make achievements should have the spirit of questioning, should have the consciousness of responsibility, and should have the life realm of heaven and earth. (Produced by the "Thought Workshop" of the social science newspaper, the full text can be found in the social science newspaper and its official website)