Microplastics are plastic particles less than five millimeters in diameter, which can originate from the crushing and abrasion of various plastic products. These tiny particles are not only found in our food, but even in human blood and organs.
Researchers have confirmed the widespread presence of microplastics through the detection of takeaway containers and daily necessities such as bottled water, vegetables and fruits. While current research does not fully confirm the long-term effects of microplastics on human health, some preliminary studies suggest that microplastic particles can enter the body through the digestive system, and there is evidence that they can reach the brain within two hours.
Studies have shown that heating and physical wear increase the amount of microplastics released from plastic products. For example, when the heat of takeaway food comes into direct contact with plastic containers, it can accelerate the process of microplastics entering food. This is especially important for those who prefer to microwave food for takeaway, as the high temperature may prompt more microplastic particles to be released from the container.
The point is that plastic bottled water, some inferior plastic bottles that do not meet the standards, will produce microplastics due to long-term storage and wear. Even some seemingly healthier, more environmentally friendly glass bottled water can be contaminated with microplastics.
So, remind everyone to reduce the use of single-use plastics as much as possible and switch to reusable, sustainable materials. For example, using a water bottle made of stainless steel or qualified glass, preferably eating with its own cup to drink, and preparing food at home instead of ordering takeout frequently are all effective ways to reduce microplastic intake.
Remind everyone
In addition to takeaway boxes and bottled water, certain fruits, vegetables and tea drinks may contain higher levels of microplastics in our daily diets. These microplastics come from a variety of sources, including contamination from agricultural production, packaging, and processing. Here are three types of foods that may contain microplastics:
- Fruits: Fruits are an indispensable food in life, and they are also one of the crops commonly used in agricultural production as plastic covering materials. During growth, microplastic particles may adsorb and accumulate on the surface of many fruits. These microplastics come from dust and rain in the air, as well as from plastic cover on agricultural land.
- Leafy vegetables, such as spinach and lettuce, are often grown in an open environment that is susceptible to microplastics in the environment. The structure of the blade surface makes it easier to attach microplastic particles in the air. In addition, since they often require a lot of washing, if the irrigation water contains microplastics, then these microplastics may also be deposited on the leaves. Tiny grooves on the surface of leafy vegetables are prone to microplastics, which may release toxic substances such as heavy metals and other pollutants in the digestive system, posing a threat to gut health, affecting the immune system and nutrient absorption.
- Tea bags: Many people may not know that many of the tea bags on the market are woven using a plastic fiber called polypropylene, which is used to enhance the structural strength of the tea bag and ensure that it does not break in boiling water. When brewed in boiling water, these tea bags may release microplastics. Microplastics have poor thermal stability and may decompose at high temperatures and release smaller nanoscale plastic particles that are more easily absorbed by the body. This exposure can lead to inflammation in the digestive system, and long-term effects may include decreased digestive efficiency and an increased risk of chronic health problems such as cancer.
The dangers of microplastics
These tiny plastic particles can cross the blood-brain barrier and cause chronic effects on the nervous system, including cognitive function and memory.
Microplastic particles can also carry harmful chemicals, such as phthalates and PCBs, which are able to dissociate and accumulate in the body, potentially interfering with the endocrine system and affecting metabolism and hormone balance. Long-term intake of these chemicals may increase the risk of chronic disease.
How can it be prevented?
To effectively reduce the risk of edible microplastics, we can start from several aspects. The first is to choose organic food. Organic farming generally does not use plastic mulching and microplastic fertilizers, so the microplastic content in organic foods is usually low.
Although the price may be slightly higher, it is a worthwhile investment option for health-conscious middle-aged and elderly friends.
Secondly, the way the food is handled is also important. Washing fruits and vegetables thoroughly can remove microplastics that remain on the surface. Brushing root vegetables such as carrots and potatoes with running water and a brush can effectively remove contaminants from the surface. Peeling is also a good way to peel, especially for fruits and vegetables with thicker skins or outer skins that tend to adsorb contaminants.
Again, try to minimize the use of plastic packaging for food. Many food products on the market use a lot of plastic packaging to extend the shelf life, and these packaging materials may have inadvertently added microplastics to the food. Try buying food in bulk, or using eco-friendly packaging materials, which will not only reduce your intake of microplastics, but also help protect the environment.
Finally, it is also crucial to increase environmental awareness among individuals and communities. Engaging in and supporting environmental policies and activities, such as waste sorting and reducing plastic use, can reduce the production of microplastics at the source. By working together, we can create a healthier, cleaner living environment for ourselves and the next generation.