Statistics show that by the end of last year, there were as many as 297 million people aged 60 in the mainland, accounting for 21.1% of the country's total population; There are 217 million people aged 65 and above, accounting for 15.4% of the country's total population.
Compared with the end of 2022, there will be an increase of 17 million people over 60 years old, and about 7 million people over 60 years old. You must know that the number of new births in 2023 will only be 9.02 million, which is enough to show that the trend of aging is becoming more and more obvious. The proportion of the elderly population is also increasing year by year.
So, what impact will the aging of the population have on the pension industry? What are the preferential treatment for middle-aged and elderly people aged 70 and above in 2024? Can farmers enjoy the same preferential treatment? Let's take a look:
01.
What is the impact of an ageing population?
Professionals point out that the elderly population continues to intensify. It will have a far-reaching impact on the development of the mainland's pension industry. It is embodied in the following four aspects:
1. The expenditure of the basic pension insurance fund is under great pressure.
Peng Xizhe, dean of the Institute of Aging Research of Fudan University, has made a detailed analysis that the intensification of aging will bring huge expenditure pressure to the mainland pension fund. For example, in 2016, the cumulative balance of the pension insurance fund in Heilongjiang Province was already negative, and there were 13 regions with less than 1 year of pension payment capacity.
2. The level of pension is low
Some elderly people have a low level of pension and find it difficult to maintain basic life. And the gap between different industries and different retirement groups is also relatively large, which is in stark contrast to the growing demand for basic pension security;
3. Lack of emotional and life care
In particular, the pension treatment is low for the elderly over 70 years old, because the social pension service system is not yet perfect, the elderly at this stage enjoy life or emotional care is slightly insufficient.
4. The medical expenses of the elderly are large
In particular, the elderly who have not applied for medical retirement will not be able to enjoy lifelong medical insurance treatment, so their medical expenses will become a major financial burden for their retirement life.
02.
The basic pension status of the middle-aged and elderly people aged 70 and above
According to the division of the population of different age groups, the elderly over 70 years old are defined as middle-aged and elderly people, and by the end of 2022, the elderly population over 70 years old in the mainland has reached 190 million, accounting for 13.48% of the total population of the country.
At present, the basic pension status of this group of people is not ideal:
1. The overall level of pension treatment is low. Many 70-year-olds have insufficient or difficult monthly pension income to maintain their daily basic living expenses, let alone improve their quality of life.
2. Poor self-care ability, many people over 70 years old have reduced their self-care ability due to the nature of work when they were young, and they also need more economic help, medical services and life care from the society;
3. Medical expenses tend to be more than the labor force. The elderly aged 70 and above have a higher prevalence due to weakened immunity, and the medical expenses they need are greatly increased, especially for the elderly who are chronically ill, and the pressure on medical expenses is greater.
4. Most of the widows and elderly people. Among the elderly group, 30,000 elderly people account for the majority, especially women are generally more than men.
It can be seen that many people over 70 years old are facing the basic pension situation, only relying on the help of family children is far from enough, to achieve the elderly do not worry about their livelihood, not only to further optimize medical and pension security, but also to increase their preferential treatment.
03.
Seniors aged 70 and above can enjoy "3 preferential benefits"
1. Old age allowance
At present, 31 provinces and municipalities have established and improved a relatively mature old-age allowance subsidy system, and all the elderly who meet the local policy conditions can apply for old-age allowance subsidies.
Of course, not only the elderly in urban areas can enjoy the old age allowance according to the conditions, but also the elderly in rural areas can also enjoy this preferential treatment.
Moreover, according to the current regulations, the payment standards of the old age allowance are not the same in various places, but the conditions for receiving them are relatively uniform, among them, there are only 2 conditions for receiving the old age allowance in most regions:
(1) The household registration must be local, in some areas, the household registration as long as it is the province, and the scope of the old age allowance is also based on the province and the city. However, in some areas, the household registration is required by the city or county, and the scope of the old-age allowance is also paid on a city- and county-by-city basis.
(2) The age must meet the local standards, as of February 2024, the standard of old-age allowance payment in various parts of our country is not unified, so the age of old-age allowance is different from place to place. Among them, the old age allowance in most areas is required to be at least 80 years old, while in a few areas, the old age allowance can be received at the age of 65 or 70, so the age of the old age allowance is also different in different regions.
Taking Shandong Kongkou as an example, the "Implementation Plan for the Distribution of Old Age Allowance for the Elderly in 2024" clearly states that the elderly who have household registration in Longkou City and are 70 years old and above can apply for the allowance, the standard is: 70~79 years old, and the annual subsidy per person is 300 yuan; 70~89 years old, 400 yuan per person per year; 90~98 years old, 600 yuan per person per year; For those aged 99 and above, the annual subsidy is 600 yuan per person.
In addition, the old age allowance treatment in some areas is attached, as detailed in the figure below:
2. Pension adjustment "more money"
Regarding this, there are some differences between corporate retirees and farmers:
(1) Retirees aged 70 and above
Referring to the pension adjustment plans of various places over the years, it is not difficult to find that on the basis of fixed amount and inclined adjustment, all localities will give preferential treatment to elderly retirees, that is, an extra amount of money will be added every month.
And, in general, the older the retiree, the higher the amount of this additional pension.
For example, in 2023, Shandong will give more preferential treatment to the elderly. It is clarified that enterprise retirees aged 70, 75 and 80 years old (excluding those who have made one-time supplementary contributions by enterprises) can increase by 290 yuan, 190 yuan and 360 yuan per person per month respectively. I really enjoyed this special treatment.
(2) Pension insurance benefits for urban and rural residents aged 70 and above
In fact, in addition to the elderly retirees, the actual recipients of the pension insurance of urban and rural residents aged 70 and above often enjoy inclined care in the adjustment process of the basic pension.
For example, in March this year, the Shanghai Municipal Bureau of Human Resources and Social Security issued a notice on the implementation of the "Shanghai Basic Pension Insurance Measures for Urban and Rural Residents" on several issues, which clearly pointed out: Among them: the elderly aged 70 (inclusive) ~ 80 years old, on the basis of the original pension, increased by 10 yuan per month; For the elderly who have reached the age of 80, an additional 10 yuan will be added to the original pension, a total of 20 yuan. The measures will come into effect on May 1, 2024.
(3) The "rebate amount" of the personal account of the employee's medical insurance is more
Entering 2024, many provinces and cities have issued notices to clearly adjust the amount of medical insurance personal accounts for retirees to about 2% of the per capita pension level, and retirees aged 70 and above who enjoy lifelong medical security treatment will often have a relatively higher standard for their medical insurance personal accounts.
Shandong Province, under the age of 70, according to the local average monthly pension level of 2%; For those aged 70 and above, 2.5% of the average monthly pension level of the local area will be included;
Shanghai, under the age of 74, 1,680 yuan per year; For those over 75 years old, it will be allocated 1,890 yuan per year.
From January 1, 2024 in Chongqing, retirees under the age of 70 will be allocated 105 yuan/month, and retirees over 70 years old will be allocated 115 yuan/month;
From January 2024 onwards, the standard for retirees under the age of 70 is 100 yuan/month, and the standard for retirees aged 70 and above is 125 yuan/month;
It can be seen that the elderly aged 70 and above enjoy medical insurance treatment, compared with the elderly under 70 years old, the amount included in the personal account is higher.
Epilogue:
The trend of aging is inevitable, and the future will inevitably bring more pressure to the pension system. It is gratifying that in recent years, the state has paid attention to the pension and medical care of the elderly, and the policy level has gradually tilted towards the middle-aged and elderly people aged 70 and above, which also means that they will enjoy more preferential treatment in the future, and truly realize that the elderly have support and dependence.