Many people should have watched "Journey to the West", in which Tang Xuanzang's main task is to go to the west to learn scriptures, what is the place in the west? To put it bluntly, it's ancient India.
One might wonder, isn't this story fictional? In fact, there are real parts in it, such as the "true scriptures" that Tang Xuanzang asked to take, and the "living Buddha" really exists in the world, and it has appeared in Tibet on the mainland.
In 1959, a living Buddha in Tibet was abducted by the Dalai Lama and went to India, and went through many hardships in disguise to return to the motherland......
The origin of the Living Buddha
In Tibetan, the word "zhugu" is used to refer to the "living Buddha", meaning "transfiguation" or "incarnation".
The term originated in the 13th century, when Tibet was part of the direct administration of the central government of the Yuan Dynasty, and Kublai Khan, the patriarch of the Yuan dynasty, praised the leader of the Sakya sect, Phags-pa, as "the son of the Buddha, the incarnation of the Buddha", and since then people have begun to refer to Tibet's outstanding monks as "living Buddhas".
Tibetan Buddhism is a unique system of reincarnation based on the traditional Tibetan belief in the soul and the unique Buddhist concept of incarnation.
This system was first proposed by the Kagyu lineage around 1283, when the eminent monk Karma Pakhi passed away and on his deathbed explicitly instructed his disciples to search for and confirm his reincarnation in order to carry on the leadership and legacy of the sect.
According to the Master's wishes, the disciples discovered a boy and identified him as the reincarnation of Karma Pakshi, thus setting a precedent for the reincarnation of a living Buddha. Since then, various schools of Tibetan Buddhism have followed suit and established numerous systems of reincarnation of living Buddhas of various sizes.
According to Tibetan Buddhism, when a profound and distinguished monk passes away after completing his Buddhist career, his soul is reincarnated in a new body to continue his mission of propagating the Dharma and benefiting sentient beings.
So how do we confirm the reincarnation of a living Buddha? In fact, in hundreds of years of inheritance practice, the reincarnation of the living Buddha has formed a fairly complete system, and there are also relevant religious norms and procedures for finding and confirming the reincarnated spirit child.
After the death of the living Buddha, there will be a series of religious ceremonies, including condolences, sacrifices, offerings to the body, and prayers for the purpose of praying for his birth, which is quite tedious.
From the Yuan Dynasty onwards, the imperial government would also standardize and legalize the reincarnation system of the living Buddha.
During the Qing Dynasty, the Qianlong Emperor promulgated the "Twenty-nine Articles of the Regulations for the Aftermath of the King James in Tibet", which made detailed provisions on the reincarnation of the Great Living Buddha in the first article, and innovatively implemented the "Golden Vase Lottery System".
This system effectively prevents unhealthy practices that may occur in the process of reincarnation, such as bribery and malpractice, and embodies the sacredness, justice, and selflessness advocated by Buddhism.
At the same time, it also ensures that the reincarnation of the Dalai Lama, Panchen Lama, and other great living Buddhas is always controlled by the central government, so as to defend the country's sovereignty over Tibet.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the mainland, in accordance with the party's religious policy, paid full attention to the reincarnation of the living Buddha.
In particular, the "Dalai Lama" and the "Panchen Lama" in Tibet, two living Buddhas, were canonized by emperors of various generations during the Qing Dynasty, and their political and religious status in Tibet was officially established from then on.
According to historical regulations and traditions, the titles and status of the Dalai Lama and Panchen Erdeni in later generations must be canonized by the central government before they can take effect, and this has become an important tradition that has been inherited to this day.
In 1959, there was an incident about the living Buddha in the mainland, but the 14th Dalai Lama defected to India and took away the 12th living Buddha of Tibetan Buddhism, Dorje Pam, what is the reason for this?
The Dalai Lama launched an armed defection
The 14th Dalai Lama's name is Tenzin Gyatso, born in July 1935 in Qijiachuan, Huangzhong County, Qinghai, with the breast name Lamu Tengdrup, and was selected by the Tibetan local government as the only reincarnation of the 13th Dalai Lama when he was three years old.
On November 17, 1950, he became one of the leaders of Tibetan Buddhism, and nine years later launched an armed defection with the aim of never changing the feudal serfdom in Tibet.
What was feudal serfdom like in Tibet? All wealth and power were concentrated in the hands of the serf owners, and the countless serfs and slaves were penniless and destitute, without even the most basic human rights.
Passed down from generation to generation, they worked for the nobility, monasteries, and government to bear a burden rarely seen in the world, but their lives were miserable.
This group had no freedom and was subjected to humiliation, abuse, sale, gifting, and even brutal murder by their leaders, compared to the dark serfdom of the Middle Ages in Europe and Russia.
Taking into account the uniqueness of Tibet's society and history, the 1951 agreement on the peaceful liberation of Tibet signed between the mainland and the local government of Tibet made it clear that the central government would not force Tibet to carry out reforms, but that Tibet should listen to the voice of the people.
Because of this, after the establishment of the Preparatory Committee for the Tibet Autonomous Region in 1956, the masses in various localities demanded reform, but the Dalai Lama stopped the reform on the grounds that the nobility and upper officials had not been properly placed.
Later, the Dalai Lama and some serf owners in Tibet still launched a full-scale and open armed rebellion, because what they needed was not to postpone the reform but to never change and to maintain the unreasonable and inhumane feudal serfdom system in Tibet forever.
Obviously, this aristocrat openly tore up the 17-point agreement for the peaceful liberation of Tibet, and was finally overthrown by the common people, and fled to India in desperation, and at the same time took the 12th Living Buddha Dorje Pam.
The 12th Living Buddha Dorjee Pam, formerly known as Deqin Quzhen, was born in a devout Buddhist family, and his father's name was Rendian Jiebu, who had been enlightened by a high monk, saying that there would be a living Buddha in his family.
Soon after she was born, Deqin Quzhen fell seriously ill, and her family sent her to the Lungu Nunnery Temple.
In that year, a senior monk embarked on a journey to find the reincarnation of the 11th Living Buddha, and finally confirmed that Dechen Quzhen was the destined soul, and thus became the 12th Dorje Pam Living Buddha.
After being brought to India, life changed dramatically, and the peaceful and simple monastic life was replaced by the hustle and bustle of the city and a series of banquets, and he had to devote himself to one social occasion after another, becoming the guest of honor of the Indian elite.
Despite this, Dorjee Pam could not feel a trace of sincerity under these enthusiastic masks, knowing that these people's pursuit of her was only out of greed and exploitation of her identity, and her heart seemed to fall into a cold ice cave in the false prosperity and loneliness and helplessness.
In a world of inconsistencies, Dorje Pam experienced an unprecedented fear and confusion, the path of life seemed to be clouded with a layer of fog, and his heart swelled with longing for his distant hometown of Tibet.
Because it is full of familiar scenery, the call of loved ones, and the warmth of faith. One night, Dorje Pam seized an opportunity to sneak out of his residence and set out on his way home.
Avoiding the eyes of the night, he walked cautiously, and there was only one destination in his heart, that is, the embassy of the mainland abroad.
Dorje Pam's escape path and after returning to China, he devoted himself to spiritual practice
In order to be able to return to the embrace of the motherland and reunite with her relatives as soon as possible, she hid in the haystacks during the day, and only dared to come out to eat after nightfall, and even she could not remember how many miles she had traveled and how many haystacks she had avoided.
After many hardships and a long journey, with the help of good people, I finally got in touch with the head of the office of the Ministry of Trade in Glenberg.
With the help of the person in charge Xu Ren, we finally arrived in New Delhi and walked through the doors of our embassy in India.
At that time, there was a political counselor in India named Fu Hao, who learned that the mysterious figure in front of him was the Indian living Buddha exiled from the mainland, and was full of doubts at first, but after some in-depth investigation, he was finally convinced that this was the twelfth living Buddha of the mainland, Dorjee Pam.
Seeing the living Buddha returning to his heart like an arrow, Fu Hao couldn't help but rejoice in his heart, and immediately reported the matter to China, which quickly responded after receiving his report: "For the abducted Tibetan compatriots, we welcome them home at any time." ”
Considering that the adversary may try to obstruct it in every possible way after learning of this, with unforeseen consequences, it is necessary to ensure the secrecy of the operation, especially the choice of a safe route of return.
In order to ensure that the action was foolproof, Fu Hao and his colleagues in the embassy repeatedly discussed and studied the two possible routes.
One is to return to China via Calcutta, India, via Yangon, which is fast but extremely risky; The other is to make a detour through Kabul and Moscow, and finally arrive in Beijing, which is relatively hidden and not easy to detect.
After choosing this safer route, they applied elaborate makeup to Dorje Pam to change his appearance. Under clever disguise, Dorjee Pam transforms from a prominent female living Buddha at an Indian banquet into an ordinary traveler.
It worked, and Dorje Pam made it through India's exit checkpoint and boarded a flight to Afghanistan. During the journey, she behaved freely and tacitly, seemingly calm and relaxed on the outside, but deep down she was already ecstatic.
After passing through Moscow, the female living Buddha finally returned to Beijing smoothly, and saw the scene of warmly welcoming her back to China, and the female living Buddha Dorje Pam was even more excited.
As soon as he stepped off the gangway of the plane, he bowed down to the land of the motherland step by step like a pilgrimage, and poured out to the people with tears in his eyes, and would pray for the motherland, chargé d'affaires and all the personnel of the embassy.
If she had no motherland, no diplomat from her homeland, she might still be hiding from the Dalai Lama in the haystack at Grünberg......
After returning to the embrace of the motherland, Dorje Pam devoted himself to the path of family practice, and later entered the palace of marriage, although he lived an ordinary life, but always remembered his mission.
She once personally presided over the "Flower Dew Pill Alchemy" ceremony, which is regarded as the lifelong dream of every living Buddha, this kind of thing is only a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity, and on that important day, many devotees came and their eyes were focused on Dorjee Pam.
In order to make the ceremony a success, Dorje Pam invited a large number of monks, living Buddhas and Tibetan medicine experts, and the ceremony began with the pouring of many precious medicinal materials into it, and recited scriptures with the crowd to bless it, and this sacred mission was finally completed after about 15 o'clock.
Dorje Pam gave these pills to devotees from afar, hoping that they would help them sow the seeds of Buddhahood on their spiritual path, and it was a matter of great pride for these devotees to receive them......
Overall, the hardships that Dorje Pam went through are difficult for outsiders to understand, but all of them reflect her strong determination to return to her homeland. Fortunately, with the help of the Chinese people, he successfully returned to China, and after returning to China, he devoted himself to promoting Buddhism, and can be called an admirable "living Buddha".
What do you think differently about this?