Meng Haoran is a famous pastoral poet after Tao Yuanming and Wang Wei, and he is also called Mengshan because he is cloth. When he was young, he studied hard and pursued fame, and at the age of 40, he traveled to the capital Chang'an and took the Jinshi examination.
The failure in this exam was a great blow to his confidence, and his full stomach was useless, and he was very depressed. He hesitated, his mood was very complicated, and he wanted to go directly to the emperor and seek an official position.
But for the sake of face, he did not ask the emperor in the end, but made a painful decision to leave Chang'an and return to the countryside. Then he resigned from his good friend Wang Wei and wrote a poem, indicating that he would no longer care about politics and live in seclusion in the mountains and forests.
"Returning to Nanshan at Dusk" Meng Haoran
The north is closed to the book, and the south mountain is returned to the house.
Not only does it know that the Lord abandons, and many people are sick and sparse.
The gray hair urges the old, and the green sun forces the old age.
Forever sorrowful, pine moon night window empty.
This is a five-character poem, the poem is like a life declaration, which determines his future and destiny, indicating that Meng Haoran will not have a chance with his career from now on. The style of this poem is fresh, the charm is long, and it reveals a sense of resentment in the break with the world.
The first two sentences of the first couplet, "The North Que is resting on the book, and the South Mountain is returning to the house", is to describe his plan to stop pursuing Shijin and prepare to return to seclusion. No longer expressed his willingness to be an official to the court and the emperor Tang Xuanzong, and decided to return to his hometown Lumen Mountain to live in seclusion.
The "Beique" in the poem refers to the imperial court, and the "Nanshan" refers to Lumen Mountain or Da Xian Mountain in Xiangyang. In the poem, there is a strong contrast between Beique and Yilu, which shows that Meng Haoran made the decision to retreat out of helplessness, and he was indeed unwilling.
Meng Haoran is a literati with strong self-esteem, and he knows about his full of articles Wang Wei and others, but he has not received the recommended he deserves. In addition, there is also an element of luck in the imperial examination, so Meng Haoran's stomach complaining has become such a decision.
The two sentences of "not talented and abandoned, and many sick people are sparse" is to continue to reason and express his feelings of not meeting talents. only blamed himself for not having the ability, so the emperor gave up. It's only because of my own illness that my friends alienate me and refuse to help.
The "not talented" in the sentence refers to his lack of talent, in fact, he is a rhetoric, a metaphor, and an angry word. It means that his academic talent is not recognized, and he has not met the "Ming Master", but he has not met Huaicai.
"Sick" is also a modest way to emphasize that friends are reluctant to help recommend. This couplet looks like it's all self-blame, saying that it's worthless. In fact, they are all resentful of others, and resentment is not used by the world.
The two sentences of the neck couplet, "white hair urges old age, and Qingyang forces the old age", lamenting that time flies and the years are wasted. Gray hairs have grown on the head, and the person is gradually entering old age. Now it's approaching the end of the year, and it's time for another year.
"Qingyang" refers to spring, and "year division" refers to the end of the year. Time flies like a white horse, and the poet reaches the age of forty in a flash. At this time, the career is hopeless, the success is not famous, and most of the life's efforts will be in vain.
The author is very anxious about this kind of abandonment of previous achievements and finally ending this life with a cloth cloth. But people are ruthless, time is even more ruthless, and he has no other way but to be sad and sad, self-pity and self-pity.
The two sentences at the end of the couplet, "Forever sorrowful, the pine moon night window is empty", express their sorrow and depression to end the poem. It seems that I can't leave my name in history, and I always think about these annoying thoughts, and I can't even sleep after tossing and turning.
Looking out of the window, the pine trees swayed, the moonlight was hazy, the shadows were in a trance, and everything seemed so illusory and silent. The silence of the night adds to the poet's tension and anxiety.
This last couplet is a scene, it is really a love, and the foothold is in a "virtual" word. The night scene is empty, the shadows of the trees and the moonlight are blurred, and the courtyard is empty. The human heart is empty, determined to pursue a career, uncertain, and restless.
In general, the poems are blended with scenes, expressing the pain of the poet's talents, and also implying the resentment of the emperor for burying talents. This time, Meng Haoran made up his mind to return to the countryside, and the poem he wrote has been passed down through the ages and has become a beautiful talk in the literary world.
(The picture comes from the Internet, and the copyright belongs to the original author.) If there is any infringement, please contact to delete)