Flowers and plants play an extremely important role in Chinese culture, with rich symbolic meanings and cultural connotations. Among them, orchids are known as "gentlemen of flowers", peonies are known as "kings of flowers" and so on.
Flowers also had symbolic significance in the costumes of ancient Chinese imperial families, such as lotus flowers and plum blossoms, which not only represented elegance and auspiciousness, but also reflected the noble status of the emperor.
There are four famous flowers and four famous grasses in China, which are as follows.
First, the four famous flowers
The four most famous Chinese flowers are peonies, chrysanthemums, camellias, and narcissus, which have an important place in Chinese culture.
1. Peony
Peony, also known as Luoyang flower, is a plant of the family Paeoniaceae and Paeonia genus. The color of the flower is gorgeous, the jade smile is fragrant, the grace is chic, magnificent, and has the reputation of "the king of flowers". The peony flower is large and fragrant, so it is also known as the "national color and natural fragrance", and is called the national flower of China. China is very rich in culture and paintings about peonies.
2. Chrysanthemum flower
Chrysanthemum, a perennial herb of the family Asteraceae, is native to China and is considered the national flower of Japan. Chrysanthemum is one of the top ten traditional flowers in China, one of the four gentlemen in the flower and one of the four cut flowers in the world, and chrysanthemums have many spiritual connotations in ancient China, such as chrysanthemums have the nickname of "hermit in flowers"; It is also known as the "Shouke" in the "Twelve Guests", which has the meaning of auspiciousness and longevity.
3. Mountain tea
Camellia sinensis, Camellia sinensis is an evergreen shrub or small tree plant. Li Shizhen of the Ming Dynasty also said, "Its leaves are tea, and can be used as tea, so it gets the name of tea." "Camellia plants are beautiful in shape, the leaves are thick and green and shiny, the flowers are gorgeous and colorful, the four seasons are everyspring, it is one of the important plant landscaping materials in China, and can also be used as flower arrangement, cut flower materials, and can also be planted into a special garden on a large scale, and the ornamental value is extremely high.
4, Daffodils
Narcissus, also known as Chinese narcissus, is a variant of multiflora daffodil, a perennial herb in the family Lycoris. Narcissus prefers warm, moist, well-drained environments. It has been cultivated in China for more than 1,000 years, and is a traditional ornamental flower and one of the top ten famous flowers in China.
2. China's four famous grasses
The four famous herbs in China generally refer to: ginseng, Polygonum multiflori, Ganoderma lucidum, and cordyceps, which have always been called the "four great fairy grasses".
1. Carrot
Ginseng is a perennial herb of the family Pentaceae and Panax ginseng. It is found in China, Russia and North Korea. The fleshy roots of ginseng are strong tonics, and the stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and by-products of processing are all raw materials for light industry, and products such as cigarettes, alcohol, tea, crystals, and pastes containing ginseng can be processed.
2, He Shou Wu
Polygonum multiflorum, a perennial winding vine of the family Polygonum multiflori. Native to China, most of them are now distributed in southern Shaanxi, southern Gansu, East China and other regions. Polygonum multiflorum is used as a medicine, which can calm the nerves, nourish blood, activate the nerves, nourish the essence and blood, black hair, strengthen the muscles and bones, and nourish the liver and kidneys.
3. Ganoderma lucidum
Ganoderma lucidum, a fungus of the genus Ganoderma lucidum, is distributed on all continents of the world, most of which grow in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions. In China, Ganoderma lucidum fungi resources are widely distributed, and it is a traditional precious medicinal material that strengthens and strengthens the foundation.
4. Cordyceps
Cordyceps sinensis is a fungus of the family Cordyceps and the genus Cordyceps, which is mostly found in the alpine mountains at an altitude of 3000-4000 meters, and is mainly distributed in the alpine zones and snow-capped grasslands of Tibet, Qinghai, Gansu, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and other provinces (autonomous regions) in China. Cordyceps sinensis is a unique Chinese medicinal material, and it is listed as one of the three major supplements along with ginseng and deer antler velvet, and is recorded in ancient Chinese medicine classics. Functions and indications are: Gan, Ping. Nourish the kidneys and lungs, stop bleeding and reduce phlegm.
The aesthetic function, the function of parasitism and ornamentation of flowers and plants are also reflected in traditional Chinese culture, which are not only symbols of beauty, but also carry people's high-level emotions and cultural values. The cultivation and appreciation of flowers and plants are deeply rooted in the lives of Chinese, reflecting the pursuit of natural beauty and the exploration of the spiritual world.