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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with blood glucose metabolism disorders, and the main feature is that blood sugar rises, and this state of high blood sugar is like a time bomb, threatening the health of patients at all times. Diet, as one of the five troikas of diabetes, affects blood sugar fluctuations all the time, and the most important thing for diabetics is the blood sugar level on an empty stomach and 2 hours after meals, but for people who like to drink, diabetes is undoubtedly a challenge, so can "diabetes" drink alcohol?
Lao Liu is 53 years old this year, generous, with a cheerful personality, and his favorite thing on weekdays is to find friends to drink and eat meat. I often go home drunk. His family also persuaded him to drink less. But he said that wine is spiritual food, and the more you drink, the younger you get, and no one can say it.
In June 2023, the unit organized a physical examination, and Lao Liu was found to have a fasting blood sugar of 11.3 (3.9-6.1 for normal people). The doctor told Lao Liu that his indicators were not very good, and he might have diabetes, and suggested that he do an OGTT experiment. The OGTT test, also known as the glucose tolerance test, requires the patient to be fasting for 8 hours, and dissolve 75g of glucose in 250-300ml of water within 5 minutes, and measure the blood glucose value in each time period, if the blood sugar is greater than or equal to 11.1mmol/l 2 hours after meals, diabetes can be diagnosed. The results came out quickly, with a 2-hour postprandial blood sugar value of 13.6. Diagnosed with grade II diabetes mellitus.
Hearing the news, Lao Liu was taken aback, he knew that diabetics were hungry fast, ate a lot, and urinated a lot, but they didn't have any symptoms. So why do you get diabetes? In fact, the typical symptoms of diabetes are three more and one less, that is, polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria, and weight loss. Diabetes mellitus is divided into type I and type II, and the symptoms of three more and one less are more common in type I diabetes, and for most patients with type II diabetes, the symptoms may not be obvious. Therefore, the diagnosis of diabetes is not very related to the symptoms, and the blood glucose value is used as a reference.
At present, there is no cure for diabetes in clinical practice, and diabetic patients rely on drugs and a reasonable diet to control blood sugar in daily life. The doctor told Lao Liu that diabetes is a lifelong disease, and the most important thing is to control blood sugar.
And there are many harms of long-term hyperglycemia, which can lead to renal insufficiency and even lifelong dialysis if the kidneys affect the kidneys. If retinal neuropathy occurs, it can affect vision and lead to blindness in severe cases. Diabetic foot can cause ischemia and hypoxia in the lower limbs, leading to skin ulcers and even amputation.
Lao Liu didn't expect that diabetes was so harmful, and he used to see that the life of diabetic patients was no different from normal, but he had to experience so much pain behind it. immediately said that he would definitely take medicine on time to control his blood sugar. After that, Lao Liu began to pay attention to his diet, and through consulting information, he learned that drinking alcohol would also make blood sugar rise, for the sake of his own health, Lao Liu made up his mind to quit drinking.
On the third day, Lao Liu often looked at the wine on the wall at home in a daze, and wanted to open it several times, but he still held back, and on the fourth day, he was restless and restless, walking around irritable in the living room, and finally he couldn't stand it, comforting himself to drink alcohol once, blood sugar rose once, and the impact on the body was not great.
Lao Liu opened the wine bottle excitedly, saw the transparent and clear wine, showed an excited expression on his face, licked his mouth, took a slight sip of the wine glass, and suddenly felt that his life had been redeemed. Originally, he planned to drink only a little bit but didn't hold back from drinking more and more, and then the wine that was sent to his mouth several times was sprinkled on his clothes, Lao Liu found that his hands were shaking badly, his heart was beating like a drum, his hands were weak, and the wine glass smashed to the ground, making a crisp sound.
Lao Liu's wife heard the strange sound and hurriedly came over to check, but found that Lao Liu was shaking and sweating profusely, all covered with cold sweat, suspecting that Lao Liu was having a hypoglycemic attack, so she immediately mixed a glass of sugar water and asked Lao Liu to drink it. Urgently tested Lao Liu's blood sugar, and sure enough, the blood sugar was 2.3, which was undoubtedly hypoglycemia.
After a few minutes, Lao Liu gradually eased up. His wife scolded Lao Liu in fear: "You almost had an accident due to low blood sugar caused by drinking, so don't drink anymore in the future." Lao Liu doesn't understand that drinking alcohol doesn't raise blood sugar? Why do I still have low blood sugar? With doubts, Lao Liu planned to seek medical attention immediately and ask the doctor. After understanding Lao Liu's problem, the doctor told him that the effect of alcohol alone on blood sugar is that it is easy to hypoglycemia at the beginning and high blood sugar after a long time.
Because the ethanol in the wine will quickly enter the liver, inhibiting the decomposition of liver glycogen into glucose, which will lead to a decrease in blood sugar, and alcohol will also cause a significant increase in insulin secretion, and the role of insulin is to lower blood sugar, so drinking alcohol is easy to lead to hypoglycemia, especially on an empty stomach.
Lao Liu suddenly realized and asked: "Since drinking alcohol can lower blood sugar, is drinking before meals beneficial to controlling blood sugar after meals in the future?" The doctor saw his careful thinking and said: "It is true that it is not recommended for diabetic patients to drink alcohol, but if you are really addicted to alcohol or must drink alcohol, according to the following different amounts of alcohol, drink moderately to avoid high blood sugar or low blood sugar. ”
For diabetics, alcohol consumption must be strictly controlled in moderation. In order to keep the alcohol content in the amount of alcohol within the metabolic range of the liver and effectively prevent hypoglycemia, the intake is different for different drinks when drinking. The daily intake of liquor should not exceed 30 ml, red wine or rice wine should be limited to one glass, and the intake of beer should not exceed one bottle.
Because alcohol consumption makes blood sugar difficult to control, and diabetes patients often drink alcohol to cause hypoglycemia is often indistinguishable from drunkenness, resulting in patients who are not treated in time to develop severe and persistent hypoglycemia, causing prolonged coma, which can lead to irreversible brain damage and even death. Therefore, alcohol consumption is not recommended for people with diabetes.
However, if you are really addicted to alcohol or must drink alcohol, the "Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in China" points out that women should drink no more than 15g a day and men should not drink more than 25g a day, and the number of times a week should not exceed 2 times. And not all people with diabetes can drink alcohol in moderation, and only when blood sugar control is good and the doctor allows them to drink in moderation.
Some patients are also not suitable for drinking, and it is important to abstain from alcohol in the following cases. First, if the blood sugar remains high or fluctuates greatly, or if hypoglycemia occurs frequently, drinking alcohol will lead to the occurrence of diabetic complications. The second is patients with pre-existing diabetic complications, such as diabetic foot, diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, etc.
The third is patients with diabetes accompanied by hyperlipidemia and hypertension. Fourth, patients with abnormal liver function, because alcohol is metabolized into acetaldehyde in the liver, this substance can directly damage liver cells and increase the burden on the liver. Fifth, patients with high uric acid. Uric acid is a metabolite of purines, and alcohol metabolism can be a product of high purine content, which can increase blood uric acid levels, especially in beer.
It is also worth noting that alcohol contains alcohol, that is, ethanol, which is metabolized by the liver and turns into acetic acid, which can release a lot of energy. Therefore, after drinking, the corresponding main consumption should be reduced, so as not to have too much energy in the body, which can not be completely consumed, resulting in the subcutaneous storage in the form of fat, or other organs such as the liver, which is not conducive to the control of blood sugar, blood lipids and blood pressure in diabetic patients.
Because of the hypoglycemia that may be induced by drinking, it is recommended to eat some food to cushion the stomach before drinking, one can avoid alcohol irritating the gastric mucosa, resulting in acute and chronic gastritis, and the other is to avoid drinking alcohol on an empty stomach, which further aggravates the occurrence of hypoglycemia.