At present, the third-generation autonomous superconducting quantum computer origin Wukong has been successfully put into operation, and the mainland has officially entered the era of quantum computing power available, and the market size is expected to grow by more than 40 times in 10 years.
As the core of the quantum information technology industry, quantum computing is regarded as the key strategic direction for the generation of new productivity, and the market size is expected to grow by more than 40 times in 10 years, and the industry space is very broad.
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Quantum computing shows the potential of "quantum supremacy" and "quantum superiority", and is expected to subvert the limits of traditional computing.
With the continuous advancement of quantum computer technology and the significant reduction of costs, it is expected that its application in various industries will be fully accelerated in the future.
Quantum computers bring breakthroughs in computational volume:
Source: Illustrated Quantum Computers
Overview of the quantum computing industry
Quantum is the smallest indivisible unit of physical entities involved in fundamental interactions, and is the basis for the formation of matter and energy.
In the field of quantum information, quantum computing, quantum communication, and quantum measurement are the three core branches.
Quantum computing is a new type of computing model, which strictly follows the laws of quantum mechanics to regulate and process quantum information units, shows quantum superiority, and is committed to developing a universal and programmable quantum computer. At present, quantum computing is in an important stage of technology verification and application exploration.
Qubits, also known as qubits, are the basic units of quantum computing, and are physical entities that can represent quantum effects. Unlike bits in classical computers, which can only represent states of 0 or 1, qubits can exist in multiple states at the same time due to the superposition nature of quanta.
The international academic community has set three important "milestones" based on the scale of coherently manipulating qubits: the first is to achieve "quantum computing superiority", the second is to develop a dedicated quantum computer, and the third is the core task of quantum computing research, which is to achieve coherent manipulation of multiple qubits.
Source: Introduction to Quantum Computing and Programming
Quantum computing includes the preparation of quantum states, the precise control of quantum states, and the measurement of quantum states.
At present, the development of quantum computing hardware has taken a variety of technical paths in parallel. There are methods for building "artificial particles" with discrete energy level systems based on microstructure, such as superconductivity and silicon semiconductor technologies; There are also technologies that directly manipulate microscopic natural particles, such as ion traps, light quanta, and neutral atoms.
Zu Chongzhi" series superconducting quantum computing prototypes:
Source: Acta Physica Sinica
Quantum computing industry chain
The quantum industry is a highly interdisciplinary field, integrating multiple aspects of the traditional scientific field, and the industrial chain is constantly expanding.
The upstream of quantum computing includes environmental support systems, measurement and control systems, and various key equipment components and components. The midstream is the core of the entire industrial ecosystem, mainly including the development of quantum computing prototypes and related software; Downstream is the application of various industries.
The core link of the industrial chain is divided into three parts: quantum algorithms, quantum hardware and quantum applications.
Quantum algorithms are highly complex, mainly composed of technical research led by universities and the state, and the industrialization process is relatively slow. In terms of quantum hardware, quantum computers are the core of quantum computing, and they are also the part of the rapid progress of industrialization. Quantum applications are the practical application fields of quantum information technology, including cryptography, quantum optimization, and quantum communication.
Quantum Computer Industry Chain:
Source: ICV
Quantum computing competitive landscape and leading combing
From the perspective of the global market, the United States occupies a first-mover advantage in the quantum computing industry chain, including IBM, Google, Microsoft, Amazon and many other enterprises, and the United States maintains a leading position in many subfields such as superconductivity, ion traps, and optical quantum.
The research team led by Academician Pan Jianwei of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in China has successfully built a quantum computing prototype containing 255 photons, "Jiuzhan No. 3", which has refreshed the technical level of optical quantum information and broken the world record for the superiority of quantum computing
International Competition in Optical Quantum Computing:
Some domestic companies in the field of quantum computing are also rising rapidly, including large Internet companies such as Tencent and Huawei, which have achieved obvious advantages in optical quantum computers.
In addition, in recent years, various types of quantum computing cloud platforms have been launched at home and abroad, and they have been continuously iteratively upgraded.
The Beijing Institute of Quantum Information Science in China has released 53 Kuafu quantum computing cloud platforms; The University of Science and Technology of China has a 176-bit "Zu Chongzhi" quantum computing cloud platform; Origin Quantum and many other units have also jointly launched a quantum hyper-converged computing platform.
Overview of the development of representative quantum computing cloud platforms at home and abroad:
Source: Academy of Information and Communications Technology
The quantum technology industry is in the early stage of R&D and industrial exploration, and the enterprises with all-round layout in the field of quantum information technology are represented by Guodun Quantum, Science and Technology Innovation, Origin Quantum, etc., and upstream and downstream manufacturers include Western Superconductor, Oriental Zhongke, Fujing Technology, Shenzhou Information, Sanwei Xin'an, Hengtong Optoelectronics, ZTE, Optical Library Technology, Xin'an Century, etc. #量子##量子计算##量子科技##量子通信##财经##科技##头条创作挑战赛#
epilogue
This year's government work report emphasizes the need to explore emerging fields such as quantum technology and life sciences, and set up a number of future industry pilot areas. At present, the quantum communication equipment independently developed by the mainland has provided a key information security guarantee for major national activities. Quantum computing is in a stage of rapid development, and improving the measurement and control accuracy of qubits in the future is also the core challenge to realize the practical application of quantum computers.
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