Blood clots are like roadblocks, blocking blood flow, it will flow with the blood to all parts of the body, blocking the main road of life: it will cause cerebral infarction in the brain, blocking the cardiovascular system will induce myocardial infarction, and accumulation in the lungs is pulmonary embolism.
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Most thrombosis is asymptomatic and does not have any symptoms or sensations before the onset of thrombosis. How are blood clots "raised"? What are the red flags of blood clots? Find out today!
How blood clots are "raised".
There is a coagulation system and an anticoagulant system in the blood of the human body. Under normal circumstances, they maintain a dynamic balance to ensure that blood flows normally in the blood vessels and does not form blood clots.
However, under special circumstances, such as slowing blood flow, coagulation factor lesions, and vascular damage, resulting in hypercoagulation or weakened anticoagulation function, this balance will be broken and people will be in a "thrombophilic state".
From left to right: normal arteries, fibrous plaques, atheromas, plaque rupture, thrombosis
The increase of age, sitting still, long-term stress, and chronic diseases such as three highs may cause the thrombolytic system in the body to fail, and the blood vessels slowly "nourish" the blood clot.
If you usually like to eat high-fat and high-fat foods, have mood ups and downs, often work overtime and stay up late, and smoke and drink a lot of alcohol, it provides "favorable conditions" for raising blood clots.
In addition, during long rides on trains and planes, due to lack of water and exercise, the blood flow in the veins of the lower limbs will slow down, and the thrombus in the blood is more likely to hang on the wall and deposit, forming thrombus.
When a blood vessel is damaged, a blood clot begins to form automatically to repair the blood vessel wall and protect the blood from flowing out. Normally, when the damaged area heals, the blood clot degrades and disappears.
Hypercoagulability occurs when there is a problem with the clotting process due to coagulation factor lesions or some other causes, and the blood clot will still increase after healing, forming abnormal or excessive blood clots to block the blood vessels.
These are signs that you are "tethered".
Thrombotic disorders include arterial thrombosis, which occurs in the heart and brain, and venous thrombosis, which tend to appear in the lower limbs and lungs.
Jiang Li, chief physician of the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine of Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, said that when the following manifestations appear, we should be careful.
1
Cerebral artery thrombosis (cerebral infarction)
Prior to the onset, patients often had 6 types of prodromal symptoms:
· Blood pressure is too high or fluctuates widely, such as a sudden increase above 200/120 mm Hg or a decrease of more than 60 mm Hg.
· Patients with high blood pressure have recently had massive nosebleeds, accompanied by fundus hemorrhage, and the possibility of cerebral infarction is very high.
· 80% of patients with cerebral infarction will yawn 5~10 days before the onset of the disease, which is a manifestation of cerebral ischemia and hypoxia.
· Usually walking briskly and vigorously, but recently becoming staggering, leg weakness, etc., is a precursor symptom of cerebral infarction.
· Sudden dizziness recently, accompanied by whirlwind, nausea, vomiting, and tinnitus, is a common manifestation of cerebral infarction, which often occurs when you get up in the morning, when you are tired, and after taking a bath.
· If you have no headache before, you have a sudden headache or the headache is not in the same location as before, which is also a precursor to cerebral infarction.
2
Coronary artery thrombosis (myocardial infarction)
The following symptoms may occur from a few hours to a few days before the onset:
· In patients with angina, increased frequency of chest pain, prolonged pain, and chest pain with slight activity or quiet are all manifestations of worsening coronary artery stenosis or thrombosis.
· A few days before the onset of a myocardial infarction, the patient may experience throat or neck discomfort and a feeling of blockage, and if it is accompanied by symptoms of profuse sweating, it is necessary to seek medical attention in time.
· Sudden onset of pain outside the chest, including persistent left shoulder pain, back pain, upper abdominal pain, toothache, jaw pain, etc., are all atypical symptoms of angina.
3
Static thrombosis
Venous thrombosis most commonly occurs in the lower extremities, and as the embolus falls off, it will continue to swim and drift to the right heart, forming a very dangerous pulmonary embolism.
Pay attention to the symptoms of the lower limbs, such as unilateral leg swelling, pain, and skin color turning purple or dark red, so you should seek medical attention immediately.
How to prevent the threat of blood clots?
Jia Na, deputy chief physician of the Department of Cardiology of Beijing Hospital, said that the following groups of people are particularly "favored" by blood clots and need to be paid attention to: people with thrombosis, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, sedentary and long-standing people, estrogen users, and people with a history of blood clots.
The formation of blood clots does not happen overnight. Start with the details of life and try to avoid blood clots from getting you in trouble.
1
Rational feasting
Excessive caloric intake and excessive intake of high-fat foods have a significant impact on cardiovascular risk.
· Eat enough 1 catty of vegetables and half a catty of fruits every day, and consume 8~10 kinds of vegetables per week, broccoli, spinach, carrots, and peas are all preferred.
· Eat more whole grains, such as whole grains, oats, and legumes, which are rich in soluble dietary fiber.
· Eat more sardines, salmon, tuna and other deep-sea fish, it is advisable to eat them two or three times a week, preferably steamed.
2
Hydrate promptly
Drinking water is conducive to thinning the blood, the average person should consume 2000 ml ~ 2500 ml per day, drink too little, the waste in the body can not be metabolized, drink too much, will increase the burden on the kidneys.
3
Exercise regularly
Choose the exercise that suits you, do it regularly and gradually, generally moderate intensity aerobic exercise is appropriate, about 30~50 minutes each time, 3~5 times a week.
"Get moving" between work and study, walk every 1 hour, stretch your waist, and often move your ankle joints, such as stretching your toes, lifting your toes, etc., to promote blood return.
4
Quit smoking and stay away from secondhand smoke
Nicotine can damage the lining of blood vessels, causing lipids, inflammatory cells, etc. to accumulate in blood vessels, forming mural thrombus. Smokers are advised to quit smoking as early as possible and non-smokers stay away from secondhand smoke.
5
Wear loose shoes and socks
Do not wear too tight clothes, shoes and socks to avoid affecting blood circulation.
6
理用药
Patients with hypercoagulable blood should be treated with anticoagulant drugs prophylactically under the guidance of a doctor.
7
Regular medical check-ups
For those who have relatives at high risk of thrombosis, it is recommended to have an annual vascular ultrasound.
Source: Popular Science China