Properties and uses of P3 mold steel
P3 mold steel is the United States P series low-carbon mold steel and injection mold carburizing plastic mold steel, which belongs to plastic mold steel and alloy tool steel. Low-carbon steel or low-carbon alloy steel with low silicon content ensures that the steel has high plasticity and low deformation resistance at room temperature, so as to carry out cavity cold extrusion.
P3 mold steel has low carbon content and cold plasticity. The extrusion performance is good, and the carburizing and quenching after forming improves the surface hardness and has a long service life. The ultra-low carbon in the core allows for very little deformation during quenching. After the mold is formed, the low-temperature carburizing, quenching and tempering make the mold surface have high hardness (58-62HRC) and high wear resistance, while the core has high strength and toughness (30-45HRC). Therefore, it has the advantages of high production efficiency, short manufacturing cycle and high mold accuracy.
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The main uses of P3 die steel are as follows:
1) It is generally used to make thermosetting plastic molds and reinforced plastic molds with high wear resistance requirements;
2) It is used to make various plastic molding molds with good wear resistance, complex shape and high bearing capacity;
3) Ultra-low carbon cold extrusion plastic mold.
Resistance to cold and heat fatigue of die steel
Factors influencing the fatigue performance of die steelThe fatigue resistance of die steel is affected by a variety of factors. The first is the composition of the material. There are many elements in die steel, and the different element content and ratio will affect its fatigue resistance. The second is the heat treatment process. At present, the commonly used heat treatment methods include quenching, tempering, normalizing, isothermal quenching, low temperature tempering, etc., reasonable heat treatment can make the microstructure of the die steel more uniform, and the fatigue resistance will be better.
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The third is mold design. Proper mold design can reduce the stress concentration, thereby reducing the degree of fatigue damage. The fourth is the use environment. Due to the different environmental conditions of the mold application, the fatigue resistance of the mold steel will also be affected.
Methods to improve the cold and heat fatigue resistance of die steelImproving the cold and heat fatigue resistance of die steel is also an important problem in the manufacturing process. Generally speaking, the methods to improve fatigue resistance mainly include the following aspects:1. Rational material selectionChoosing a high-quality tool steel with specific elements (e.g., CR, Ni, Co, V, etc.) can improve its fatigue resistance.
2. Optimize the heat treatment processThe temperature, time, speed and other conditions of heat treatment should be reasonably selected according to the comprehensive consideration of steel type, working environment, design requirements, etc., so as to ensure the optimization of the steel structure and improve its fatigue resistance.
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3. Reasonable design and processing and manufacturing, correctly understand the stress state of components, reasonably design additional loads such as centrifugal force and eccentric force, and effectively avoid fatigue damage caused by mold overload. Select the appropriate processing method and process, and ensure that the structure of the mold is uniform as much as possible when manufacturing the mold.
4. Pay attention to the use environment of die steel
According to the use environment of the mold, the material, processing technology, and protective measures of the mold steel are reasonably selected to ensure that the mold steel is subject to the least damage during use.