Spring is a good time to travel and enjoy flowers, but it is not very friendly to citizens who are allergic to pollen, catkins and dust. According to the World Allergy Organization (WAO), nearly 40% of the world's population has suffered or is suffering from allergies. In recent years, the incidence of allergic diseases in China has been increasing, with an estimated population of more than 200 million. In this allergy-prone season, some citizens may not know that they are allergic or choose to ignore it after they have symptoms, and the doctor reminds that many people delay it to the later stage, which will cause complications, and it will be much more difficult to retreat.
After eating noodles, I went to the gym and almost died
Lingling (pseudonym), who is in her early 30s, loves fitness. But the last few times she has worked out, she often feels dizzy, sometimes flustered and sweaty.
After the latest workout, Lingling's skin suddenly began to appear in multiple raised patches, accompanied by obvious itching, and the skin appeared red and hot. When she first arrived at the emergency department, Lingling's blood pressure even dropped, and the attending doctor considered it anaphylactic shock and quickly treated it accordingly, and Lingling's blood pressure and skin condition slowly returned to normal.
After living to be in her 30s, Lingling knew for the first time that she was allergic and so serious. She made an appointment with Chief Physician Gao Yadong, director of the Allergy (Allergy) Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, to find the answer.
After receiving the consultation, Director Gao Yadong carefully inquired about the details of Lingling's life, "Did you have a similar uncomfortable situation before the onset of this illness", "What food did you eat this time", "Did you do exercise before and after the onset of this illness"...... Lingling replied, "I've had a few times of dizziness and panic after exercising before, and I seem to have eaten pasta every time." I ate some noodles a few hours before this workout. ”
Director Gao Yadong judged that Lingling may be allergic to wheat, that is, "severe allergic reaction induced by food-dependent exercise", which was later confirmed by serum allergen testing and skin testing. The specific mechanism of this symptom may be the consumption of pasta before exercise, and the redistribution of blood in the body after exercise, the increase of blood flow to muscles and other motor organs, and the relative decrease of blood flow in the gastrointestinal tract, which may lead to the accelerated absorption of incompletely digested allergens into the blood circulation.
"In fact, not only wheat, but also seafood, nuts, fruits and other foods have been reported to cause severe allergic reactions after exercise. Director Gao said that he has recently received two cases of severe allergic reactions induced by food-dependent exercise. It is generally triggered by eating this type of food within 4 hours before and after exercise. It is recommended that such people should not touch the allergenic food, and if they eat a small amount, they should not exercise immediately. Once allergy symptoms appear, you should seek medical attention promptly. Patients who are aware of their food allergies can also go to the hospital to get an epinephrine pen and self-inject in case of emergency.
When I came back from a trip, I coughed into allergic asthma at night
29-year-old Xiaohui (pseudonym) came back from a trip and began to cough, which became worse and worse in the evening. She bought cough medicine to take. But it didn't get better after a few days, and when I coughed, my throat would make a "hulahula" sound, and I couldn't catch my breath.
She was a little frightened, and quickly hung up the number of Xu Tingzhen, deputy director of the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
"Do you have allergic rhinitis?" asked Director Xu. Xiaohui nodded, indicating that she felt uncomfortable in her nose after returning from playing, so she began to cough and wheezing.
After the examination, Director Xu determined that Xiaohui had allergic asthma and needed to be treated with asthma medication.
"I didn't have asthma before, could it be that rhinitis will develop into asthma?" Xiaohui was puzzled. Director Xu explained that Xiaohui's allergic rhinitis may cause asthma. The nasal cavity and bronchi are the relationship between the upper and lower respiratory tract, patients with allergic rhinitis are prone to bronchial asthma, so people with allergic rhinitis can not be taken lightly, should be actively treated, anti-allergic drugs can be used, after the development of allergic asthma, the medication should be standardized according to the asthma treatment system, it is not recommended to stop the drug after feeling better halfway, and it should be kept away from allergens.
This time, Xiaohui's allergen is likely to be outdoor flowers and plants. Director Xu said that during this time, some people are allergic to the shells that fall from the plane tree, especially those who have allergic rhinitis, and are more sensitive to flowers and plants. Such people can take prophylactic medication in advance, stay away from allergens during the peak pollen season, wear a mask when going out, and wash the exposed parts in time after returning home.
Recently, the Department of Cornea and Ocular Surface of the Eye Center of the Eye Hospital of Zhejiang University and the Second Hospital of Zhejiang University have also ushered in a small peak of allergic conjunctivitis. "Children and adults are piled up, mainly because the eyes are itchy and unbearable. Huang Xiaodan, deputy director of the Cornea and Ocular Surface Department, said.
Allergic conjunctivitis is a hypersensitivity immune response of the conjunctiva to external allergens, including seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, perennial allergic conjunctivitis, spring catarrhal conjunctivitis, etc. "Itchy eyes, pink eyelid conjunctival hyperemia, and discharge, typical of allergic conjunctivitis. According to Dr. Huang Xiaodan, people with allergies are prone to illness after being exposed to pollen, catkins, dust, animal fur and other stimuli, which makes people can't help but rub their eyes.
Allergic conjunctivitis is difficult to break the roots, and Dr. Huang advises patients to be prepared for long-term treatment. "Children usually develop at the age of five or six, are in the allergy period, and treatment for a few years is quite common. For example, once catarrhal conjunctivitis occurs in spring, the cornea of the conjunctival papilla will bulge, and if the recurrence is not controlled, the limbal stem cells will be decompensated, causing vision impairment. She reminded that eye rubbing is also a risk factor for keratoconus (a blinding eye disease), and parents must be vigilant.
"In the event of an allergic conjunctivitis attack, first avoid or reduce contact with possible allergens, take eye cold compresses to help constrict blood vessels, reduce conjunctival congestion symptoms and relieve itching and pain, and dilute the allergen concentration in the conjunctival sac with artificial tears to relieve symptoms. If your condition does not improve, it is important to go to the hospital. Dr. Huang Xiaodan said that people with severe allergies can also consider desensitization treatment.
The 70-year-old aunt has allergies to her skin when she is sunbathed
Recently, there have been a lot of people who go to the dermatology department of the Third People's Hospital of Hangzhou to see skin allergies, accounting for more than 10% of the dermatology outpatient volume. Zhu Huijun, director of the dermatology treatment department of the Third Municipal Hospital, and the deputy chief physician of traditional Chinese medicine, received a 70-year-old patient.
"Doctor, I'm so itchy. The patient, Aunt Liu (pseudonym), pointed to the skin on her face, the back of her neck and other areas to show Zhu Huijun. Seeing that Auntie's erythema and desquamation appeared on the exposed part of the skin, but there was no rash in the place covered by clothes, Director Zhu had a rough idea in his heart, "What medicine have you taken recently?
"I have high blood pressure and have been taking blood pressure medication. The other day, when the weather was nice, I went out to bask in the sun. Aunt Liu said.
Director Zhu inquired in detail about the varieties of antihypertensive drugs for Aunt Liu, and told her that this was photosensitive dermatitis, "The antihypertensive medicine you took contains photosensitizing ingredients, and when you bask in the sun, it will cause photosensitivity reactions. Director Zhu said that in addition to antihypertensive drugs, quinolones (*floxacin), sulfonamides, tetracyclines, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and other drugs are common drugs that can cause photosensitivity, and patients who usually take these drugs should pay attention.
Director Zhu suggested that Aunt Liu change to a blood pressure medication, "Don't use blood pressure medication containing photosensitizing ingredients, and then through dermatology treatment, the skin redness and itchiness will disappear." ”
In fact, this type of photosensitive dermatitis can be prevented. Director Zhu said that he knows that he is prone to sun allergies, so he should not eat photosensitive foods in his diet, such as wild vegetables such as Malan head and shepherd's cabbage; usually do a good job of skin care, moisturizing, sunscreen, when the sun is big, you can wear sunscreen, umbrellas, and hats, if you want to bask in the sun, you can choose early morning and evening, so that the probability of allergies will be greatly reduced; usually try to ensure sufficient sleep, do appropriate exercise, and enhance physical fitness.
This season, the dermatology department of the third hospital of the city encounters more skin allergies caused by pollen, mainly wind-borne pollen allergies, such as cypress, poplar, elm, sycamore, etc., Director Zhu said that people who are allergic to pollen should do a good job of self-protection, and if they feel unwell, they should seek medical attention in time.
Source: Chao News client
Editor: Xiong Gongjie
Editor-in-charge: Gao Yang Review: Du Hongli Final review: Zou Yan