Who wrote the first Spring Festival couplets in Chinese history?
Where is the earliest recorded tea market in China?
What kind of piano is the "immortal product" in the piano?
Follow Xiaozhi to start today's study
The second "Rongcheng Red Scarf Little Historian" micro-course (14) issue 01
"Wenzong has been out of Western Shu since ancient times", during the Western Han Dynasty, Shu County Taishou Weng established a school in Chengdu, greatly promoted education, and made Shu and Qilu equally famous.
The most popular genre in Han Dynasty literary creation was Fu. A generation of Wenzong Sima Xiangru, known as the "saint", is an outstanding representative in the field of Shu literature.
02
Among the brilliant treasures of ancient documents, the "Records of the Historians", the "Book of Han", the "Book of the Later Han" and the "Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms" are collectively known as the "First Four History" because of their outstanding value and important status.
▲ Image source: Chung Hwa Book Company
Written by the Western Jin Dynasty historian Chen Shou, the Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms chronicles the history of the period from the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the unification of China by the Western Jin Dynasty.
03
Shu has produced tea since ancient times, and Chengdu not only has many tea-producing areas with a long history, but also has a profound tea culture.
The world's earliest literature on drinking tea and buying tea comes from the "Covenant" written by Wang Bao of Shu in the Western Han Dynasty, which writes about "cooking tea" and "buying tea in Wuyang".
Since then, Wuyang Tea Market has also become the first and earliest tea market recorded in the history of tea in mainland China and the world.
▲Chengdu tea farmers are picking spring tea
Image source: Chengdu release Wang Xiao/photo
There are two theories about the specific location of the Wuyang Tea Market, one is that it was in Jiangkou Street, Pengshan District, Meishan City, and the other is that it was in Huanglongxi, Shuangliu District, which was under the jurisdiction of Wuyang at that time.
However, regardless of where the tea market actually was, it does indicate that there was a large tea market in or near Chengdu at that time.
04
Yuan Tiangang, a native of Chengdu in the Tang Dynasty, was a famous master of Yi Xue, famous for his physiognomy feng shui, and wrote a variety of books on occupancy, such as "Tui Bei Tu" and so on.
Tang Taizong Li Shimin once summoned him and compared him to Yan Junping, a famous Yixue master in Chengdu in the Han Dynasty.
05
Chengdu people's love of leisure has long been recognized by the world. Playing mahjong in the cool river water in summer, and sitting around the fire in winter, are all "small luck" in the life of Chengdu people.
Historically, the Song Dynasty was the heyday of Chengdu people's amusement activities. In the Yuan Dynasty, Chengdu people also wrote a book describing the folk customs and amusement landscapes of Chengdu in the Tang and Song dynasties - "Years of Glory and Beauty".
▲Image source: Chinese Academy of History
In 2024, you can not only enjoy the flowers and gardens at the Chengdu World Horticultural Fair, but also go to the Tang You Cup to cheer passionately for the badminton competition.
06
"The mountains and rivers on both sides of the Shu River, the halls and halls, are beautiful. ”
"Overview of Shuchuan Sheng" is said to be the famous work of the Northern Song Dynasty painter Li Gonglin, which is an important historical material reflecting the mountains and rivers of the Bashu region and the geography of the political region in the Song Dynasty, and has been listed as one of the "Four Beauties of Qianlong".
▲Part of the picture of "Overview of Shuchuan Victory".
Image source: The official website of the China Treasure Museum
07
During the Tang and Song dynasties, Chengdu was famous for its music, and at that time, Chengdu was very prosperous in music, singing and dancing, and also produced a number of excellent musical instruments that were passed down to the world. I have to say that it is the "Lei Qin" made by the Lei family, a family of luthiers in Shudi.
Lei's three generations of violin making have endured for a hundred years. The "Nine Heavens Huanpei" piano made by Lei Wei is known as the "immortal product" in the piano and is the most influential Tang qin.
▲ The "Nine Heavens Ring" piano hidden in the Palace Museum
Image source: The official website of the Palace Museum
08
In ancient China, the official Confucian scriptures engraved on steles were called "stone classics".
The Shu Stone Classic is one of the longest engraved and largest stone classics in the past dynasties, and has played an important role in the formation of the Confucian classic system in later generations.
▲ Shu stone rubbing
Image source: Chengdu Museum
There are thirteen stone scriptures in the Shu Stone Scripture, which are carved in the stone room of Chengdu Fuxue Wenweng, so it is also known as the "Thirteen Classics of the Stone Chamber".
09
Do the children want to know what ancient Chengdu was like in the eyes of foreigners?
In the 13th century, the famous Italian traveler Marco Polo passed through Chengdu on his way, and he recorded his impressions of Chengdu in the chapter "Chengdu Mansion" in "Marco Polo's Travels".
In Marco Polo's eyes, Chengdu was a magnificent city, and he saw the rivers of Chengdu, the bridges of Chengdu and the thriving water transportation of Chengdu.
"The Travels of Marco Polo" is the first time in a Westerner's book to record the historical facts of Chengdu in detail, introducing Chengdu to the West.
▲Image source: Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House
10
Couplets, also known as couplets, are a kind of dual literature. Chengdu is known as the hometown of couplets. The earliest recorded Spring Festival couplets in history were written by the Later Shu Emperor Meng Chang (chǎng).
Meng Chang, the emperor of Hou Shu, who loved hibiscus flowers, wrote the first Spring Festival couplet in Chinese history, which read: "New Year's celebration is celebrated, and the festival is called Changchun" to praise the beauty of the festival.
▲Image source: Chengdu City Network
There is also a prestigious couplet in Du Fu's thatched cottage: the poem has a thousand autumns, the south comes to find the prime minister's ancestral hall, and the same great name hangs in the universe; the bridge leads to thousands of miles, and the east goes to ask the old Xiangyang, and several people remember each other in the river building. The joint mentioned two cultural attractions in Chengdu - Wuhou Temple and Wanli Bridge.
The couplet hanging in the new capital Guihu Park is inscribed by Guo Moruo, "Guirui is fragrant and beautiful, and the lake has changed the world" can be said to be the most beautiful scenery of Guihu Lake.
11
From ancient times to the present, Chengdu has given birth to a lot of "most" and "first", don't say that Xiaozhi didn't tell you~
- The Treasure of Economic Effectiveness and Childbirth, written by Zǎn Yīn, a native of Chengdu in the Tang Dynasty, is the earliest and most widely circulated obstetrics and gynecology monograph in mainland China.
- Born in Chengdu in the Later Shu period, "Flower Collection" is the forerunner of Song poetry, known as the ancestor of a hundred generations of lyrics and songs, and is the earliest, most widely circulated and most far-reaching collection of words in China.
- Written in the Song Dynasty, Chengdu Literature is the first collection of poems and essays in the history of Chengdu, and it is also the first anthology in the history of Bashu literature.
- The historiography of Chengdu flourished in the Song Dynasty, and the "Tang Jian" written by Fan Zuyu was the first historical work of the Song Dynasty to discuss the history of science, and was known as the historical masterpiece of "Knowing the Three Hundred Years of Chaos in the Tang Dynasty".
- In order to fight for the legitimate rights of women, in 1912, the first newspaper in the history of Sichuan to publicize women, "Women's World Daily", appeared in Chengdu.
- Founded on January 1, 1995, West China Metropolis Daily, sponsored by Sichuan Daily Newspaper Group, is the first metropolis newspaper in China.
哇哦~~~
If you don't learn, you don't know, and you'll be shocked when you learn
The original literary and artistic ...... of Chengdu
All have high attainments
Children, have you remembered them all?
Reprinted from Chengdu Fangzhi
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