In the eighth year of Yongzheng (1730), the thirteenth son of Emperor Kangxi, Prince Yi Yinxiang died of serious illness, Yinxiang was the most trusted and loved brother of Emperor Yongzheng, he helped Yongzheng greatly, so after his death, Yongzheng was very sad, and even cried bloody tears.
After Yongzheng succeeded to the throne, Yongzheng's brothers were renamed "Yun" in order to avoid the word "Yun", Yinxiang was no exception, after Yinxiang's death, Yongzheng deliberately did not let Yinxiang avoid the emperor's name and was buried under his own name, Yinxiang also became the only prince minister in the history of the Qing Dynasty who did not need to avoid the emperor's name.
After Yinxiang's death, Yongzheng also decreed that Yinxiang's favorite seventh son Hongxiao inherited the title of Prince Yi, and gave Prince Yi the hereditary treatment of the Iron Hat King, so Yinxiang's title of Prince Yi became the ninth Iron Hat King in the history of the Qing Dynasty.
These are all things that people who know the history of the Qing Dynasty know, but what few people know is that while Yongzheng gave Prince Yi's family hereditary treatment, he also crowned Yinxiang's fourth son Honghui as the king of Ningjun, and the king of Ningjun and Prince Yi enjoyed the same hereditary iron hat king treatment. Yongzheng made it clear in his holy decree that the grace I gave to my brother (referring to Yinxiang) should not be arbitrarily reduced by future generations.
Even if Yongzheng explained so, but in the Qianlong period, Honghui's title of Ningjun King was still deprived of hereditary replacement treatment, so few people know that Yongzheng was actually given to the two iron hat kings of the Yinxiang family. Let's talk about why Qianlong went against Yongzheng's wishes and deprived his cousin Honghui of his hereditary replacement treatment.
The son-in-law Honghui who is not loved by Yinxiang
Yinxiang has a total of nine sons in his life, but only four sons really live to adulthood, namely the eldest son Hongchang, the third son Hongjun, the fourth son Honghui and the seventh son Hongxiao.
In the Qing Dynasty, the heirs of the princely family were usually the eldest son or son-in-law, and the best choice was the eldest son, but if the eldest son was not the eldest son-in-law, the eldest son-in-law would generally be selected to succeed to the throne.
Therefore, the person who inherited the title of Yinxiang should have been the third son Hongjun, and Yinxiang did love Hongjun, and because of Yinxiang's love, Yongzheng also loved Hongjun, and deliberately gave the granddaughter of the university scholar Maqi Fucha to Hongjun, and as a result, in the sixth year of Yongzheng (1728), the 19-year-old Hongtun died young before he got married.
Originally, Hongjun died, and the eldest son Hongchang also had the opportunity to inherit Yinxiang's title, but Hongchang was not loved by Yinxiang since he was a child, the reason is very simple, Hongchang and Kangxi's abolished prince Yinren family relationship is relatively close, Hongchang's biological mother is Yinxiang's side Fujin Guerjia clan, and Yinxiang's side Fujin Guerjia clan and Yinren's princess Guerjia clan are sisters of the same clan, so the relationship between Hongchang and Yinren's family has always been relatively close.
However, there is not harmony between Yinxiang and Yinren's brothers, this is because Yinxiang's biological mother is from a humble background in the Minfei Zhang Jia family, and Zhang Jia's family died relatively early, so Yinren looks down on Yinxiang very much, and the two brothers are not harmonious.
In addition, after Yongzheng succeeded to the throne, he has always been sensitive and wary of the Yinren family, so Yinxiang is very opposed to Hongchang having too close relations with the Yinren family, so Yinxiang deliberately confined Hongchang in Prince Yi's mansion and prevented him from leaving Prince Yi's mansion for half a step. In this way, Hongchang is not qualified to inherit Yinxiang's title.
Since Hongchang and Hongjun can't inherit the title of Prince Yi, then according to the order of succession, Honghui should inherit the title of Prince Yi, but Honghui also failed to inherit the title, that is, Yinxiang also doesn't like him.
There is no detailed record of how Yinxiang dislikes Hongxiao, but in stark contrast to Yinxiang, he loves his young son Hongxiao very much, although Hongxiao is young, but he is mature and diligent and studious, so whenever Yongzheng asks about family affairs, Yinxiang praises Yongzheng the most is the youngest son Hongxiao, so Yongzheng also understands that Yinxiang loves Hongxiao.
After Yinxiang's death, Yongzheng didn't want to go against Yinxiang's wishes, so he didn't choose the older Hongchang and Honghui to inherit the title of Prince Yi, but specially ordered Hongxiao, who was only 9 years old at the time, to inherit the title of Prince Yi.
However, in order to appease Hongchang and Honghui, Yongzheng first issued an order to release Hongchang, not allowing him to be imprisoned in Prince Yi's mansion again, and crowned Hongchang as Dorobelle, and let him move out of Prince Yi's mansion separately. Then Yongzheng added Honghui as the king of Ningjun, and specially looked at Yinxiang's face and gave Honghui the treatment of the hereditary king of Ningjun.
In this way, two of Yinxiang's three sons received the treatment of the Iron Hat King, and one obtained the title of Baylor, it can be said that Yongzheng treated Yinxiang very well, and he was simply a reward.
Honghui was influenced by his eldest brother Hongchang and was involved in the Honghui rebellion case
After Yinxiang died, Yongzheng released Hongchang and named him Baylor, which allowed Hongchang to let himself go, so after he regained his freedom, the first thing he did was to get close to the Yinren family.
Before Yinxiang's death, he once said, "If you don't strictly restrain Hongchang, it will defeat my family in the future", sure enough, Yinxiang knows his son very well, and Hongchang did almost make Yinxiang's veins miserable.
Hongchang is mainly close to Yinren's eldest son Hongchen, Hongchen is very old, he is the oldest of all Kangxi's grandsons, he is only 8 years younger than Yinxiang, because he is the eldest grandson, so he has been loved by Kangxi since he was a child, Kangxi has always raised him personally in the court.
Although Kangxi hated Yinren's indisputability very much, but he loved and loved the eldest grandson Hongren very much, when the second abolished prince Yinren, Kangxi once said to the Korean envoy that "Honghui is quite virtuous, it is difficult to abolish Yunren", Kangxi This means that Hongren is very good, so it is difficult for him to decide whether to abolish Yinren's crown prince.
These show that Kangxi once had the idea of passing on the throne from generation to generation, and wanted to pass the throne to Yinren and then to Hongxi. Although Kangxi finally dispelled this idea, he was still thinking about Hongsheng before he died, in order to avoid Hongsheng being sensitive and suspicious by his successor, he deliberately arranged Hongsheng to build a mansion in Zhengjiazhuang on the outskirts of Beijing, and also specially told Yongzheng in the edict to be crowned Hongchen as a prince.
Therefore, after Yongzheng succeeded to the throne, he confessed according to Kangxi's will and canonized Hongsheng as the king of Lijun, and Yongzheng also showed great care for Hongzheng during this period, and Hongzheng deliberately changed his mouth to call him the emperor's father in order to be grateful to Yongzheng. Although Yongzheng nominally sent guards to Hongsheng, in fact, he was spying on him, but at least Yongzheng seemed to care about and loved Hongsheng on the surface, and Yongzheng also recognized Hongsheng very much.
After the death of Yongzheng, Qianlong succeeded to the throne, compared to Yongzheng's treatment of the royal family is more harsh, Qianlong is more lenient, especially for the sons of Kangxi who participated in the competition for the throne, Qianlong gave a reversal and pardon, he pardoned the tenth son Yinqi and the fourteenth son Yinyu of Kangxi, who were imprisoned by Yongzheng for more than ten years.
With Qianlong's amnesty of Yinqi and Yinyu, it caused a relatively large repercussion in the royal family for a while, and the royal family members all thought that Qianlong was different from Yongzheng, and was a good emperor who was generous and benevolent, and most of the royal relatives who were under the high pressure of Yongzheng all the year round breathed a sigh of relief.
And Qianlong succeeded to the throne soon after specially summoned Hongsheng into the palace to talk about family affection, Qianlong consulted Hongchen on the governance of the country and other aspects, under Qianlong's soothing and harmonious attitude, Honghui also relaxed, he was no longer as nervous as the Yongzheng period, he began to get up casually, and with many royal relatives are becoming more and more intimate.
You must know that Hongxi's identity is very sensitive, he is the eldest son of the abolished prince Yinren, and he was once very loved by Kangxi, and he is also one of the candidates for the succession to the throne within the royal family, so his identity is very sensitive. In the Yongzheng period, because Yongzheng was suspicious and cruel to the royal family, many royal relatives, including Hongsheng himself, were more cautious, and they did not dare to be too close to each other, and Qianlong changed the harshness of Yongzheng after he ascended the throne, so the relationship between Honghui and the royal family became more and more intimate.
It was also during this period that the relationship between Hongchang and Honghui became more and more intimate, and the two moved more and more frequently, and not only the two walked intimately, but Hongchang also walked very close to Honghui under the drive of Hongchang and maintained a relatively close relationship, and at the same time, the sixteenth son of Kangxi, Prince Zhuang Yinlu, was similar to them because of his age, and he also walked more closely with them.
They got closer and closer, and slowly began to complain to each other about their dissatisfaction with the court, and their grievances, Hongxi naturally thought that he was Kangxi's eldest grandson, and was loved by Kangxi, but finally missed the throne; and Hongchang complained about his dissatisfaction with his father Yinxiang; Honghui thought that he had not inherited the title of Prince Yi, but let the title fall to his younger brother; Yinlu was dissatisfied with Qianlong, Yinlu was originally one of the ministers of the king of life arranged by Yongzheng to Qianlong, but Qianlong wanted to be in charge of the world alone, so he gradually excluded them, the ministers of life, and Yinlu was naturally not very satisfied as an uncle。
In fact, if you think about it, Honghui will definitely be dissatisfied, the title of Ningjun King originally wanted to be given to his family when Yinxiang was alive, and Yongzheng wanted to give it to Honghui at that time, so that Yinxiang's two sons-in-law could be crowned kings, but Yinxiang was humble and resolutely resigned. Originally, Honghui thought that in the end, the title of Prince Yi could fall on him, but as Hongxiao's elder brother, he only got the title of county prince who his father Yinxiang resolutely resigned, but Hongxiao got the title of Prince Yi, so he naturally didn't have a balance in his heart.
So these royal relatives who were dissatisfied with the society got together all day long to complain, especially Yinlu and the identity of the auxiliary king, how could this not arouse Qianlong's vigilance.
So in the fourth year of Qianlong (1739), Qianlong in order to consolidate the throne, he quickly attacked Hongsheng and others with a thunderous force, Honghui was directly arrested and imprisoned by Qianlong, in the absence of substantive evidence, Qianlong directly designated Honghui as a case of rebellion, and Honghui was stripped of the title, cut off the clan and renamed 46 (Honghui was 46 years old at the time) confined in Jingshan Donghua Garden, Honghui was imprisoned for three years, died of depression in the seventh year of Qianlong (1742), at the age of 49.
Although there is no substantive evidence in the Hongxi rebellion case, Qianlong also has to punish and beat these royal relatives, Honghui has been tortured like this, and Hongchang and Honghui still have Yinlu, Qianlong punished the three of them to varying degrees on the charge of "secret dealings" with Hongxi.
Yinlu was deprived of the power of the auxiliary king by Qianlong, Qianlong let Yinlu think about it behind closed doors at home, Qianlong was originally afraid that Yinlu had the identity of the auxiliary king, and Yinli, the seventeenth son of Kangxi, the minister left by Yongzheng, died young, and the emperor's uncle Yinlu was the most respected, so Qianlong had to suppress Yinlu.
Originally, Qianlong was more jealous of Prince Yi's lineage, a prince, a county king, and a Baylor, so Qianlong took this opportunity to directly cut off Hongchang's Baylor title and demoted him to an idle clan.
And Hongxi's Ningjun royal title is because Yongzheng is personally sealed, and the relationship between Honghui and Hongjun is not as close as Hongchang and Hongxi, so Qianlong did not cut Honghui's Ningjun royal title, but Qianlong cut off Yongzheng Jiaen's hereditary replacement treatment to Hongjun, that is, the descendants of Hongshan's family can no longer inherit the title of Ningjun Wang, so Hongxi's hereditary treatment of Ningjun Wang was taken away by Qianlong.
After Honghui suffered such a blow from Qianlong, he was disheartened, he began to stay away from the political arena, all day long at home chrysanthemum pastime, in addition to raising flowers, he also likes to make exquisite folding fans, named Dongyuan fan, later he made the folding fan in the capital princes and nobles are quite popular, once attracted the capital celebrities and scholars to buy.
In the twenty-ninth year of Qianlong (1764), Honghui died at the age of 52, which can be regarded as the end of his life.
Seeing that Hongchang and Honghui were punished by Qianlong, Yinxiang's youngest son Hongxiao was also scared in the end, Hongxiao honestly clamped his tail and behaved during the Qianlong period, and finally retained Prince Yi's hereditary treatment of the Iron Hat King.
However, Hongxiao's fifth grandson Zaiyuan in the late Qing Dynasty due to the failure of the struggle for power with the Empress Dowager Cixi, was given to death by Cixi, Cixi once briefly abolished the title of Prince Yi, and finally Cixi restored the title of Prince Yi, changed to the fifth Sun Zaidun of Honghui inherited the title of Prince Yi, so far Prince Yi's title inheritance back to Honghui lineage, if Honghui Quanxia knows, it can be regarded as gratifying.
Write at the end
Therefore, Honghui was actually unbalanced in his heart and failed to inherit the title of Prince Yi of Yinxiang, so he was closer to Hongxi, and these lost royal family members vented their complaints to each other and were condemned by Qianlong as a rebellion, and Honghui also lost the family's hereditary title of King of Ningjun.
If Honghui didn't complain so much, but was willing to accept the reality and accept his fate, he might have become the tenth iron hat king in the history of the Qing Dynasty, and Qianlong would not have robbed him of his hereditary treatment, so he was to blame.
References: "Qing Historical Manuscript", "Qing Shilu"
Text/Kojima Chifu
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