Who created the dish "Gong Bang Chicken".
Ding Baozhen, whose name is Zhihuang, is a native of Niuchang Town, Pingyuan, Guizhou (now Zhijin County, Bijie, Guizhou). In the third year of Xianfeng (1853 AD), he was selected as a scholar of the Hanlin Academy. Soon, due to the death of his mother, he returned to his hometown to worry about Ding Wei, which coincided with the rebellion of Yang Longxi in Zunyi, and Ding Baozhen poured all his family wealth and recruited 800 heroes to defend his hometown. In the sixth year of Xianfeng (1856 AD), Ding Baozhen's Ding Wei period expired, which coincided with the rebellion of the Miao people and swarmed. Jiang Feiyuan, the governor of Guizhou at that time, went to the imperial court and applied for Ding Baozhen's troops to stay in the rebellion army, and the emperor agreed and issued a special order to grant Ding Baozhen the post of editor. After that, Ding Baozhen increased his recruitment in the civilian population, and the total number of soldiers reached 4,000, and he successively recovered many cities such as Pingyue and Dushan.
In the tenth year of Xianfeng (1860 AD), after Ding Baozhen served as the prefect of Yuezhou, he dismissed the army recruited before. However, due to the huge amount of money owed, Ding Baozhen put five hundred taels of silver on the table and said to everyone: "I have been working with you for a long time, and now that the treasury is short of money and food, what should you do if you go home empty-handed?" Everyone said with tears in their eyes: "You do not hesitate to donate all your family property to save the country, how dare we have another request?" So everyone left one after another. Ding Baozhen successfully resolved the crisis of no pay. In the first year of Tongzhi (1862 AD), Ding Baozhen served as the prefect of Changsha.
In the second year of Tongzhi (1863 AD), Ding Baozhen was promoted to the post of inspector of Shandong. At that time, the king of Horqin County, Monk Greenqin commanded the army in Shandong and Henan, Monk Greenqin felt that his status was noble, very arrogant, seeing that there were no seats for officials below the provincial level, Ding Baozhen sent a name card to ask for a meeting, saying that the low-level military attache Ding submitted a letter to the prince, and he would be seen if he was given a seat, and he would not see if he was not given a seat, and the attendants around him were shocked, and Monk Greenqin admired Ding Baozhen's toughness and unyieldingness, and changed his appearance for Ding Baozhen, and was respectful. On the day Ding Baozhen arrived, Yan Jingming personally greeted him in the suburbs. Monk Lingqin ordered Ding Baozhen to put down the rebellion initiated by Song Jingshi, the leader of the Hebei peasant uprising. Soon, Ding Baozhen was impeached for recruiting and surrendering troops without authorization, and the ministry proposed to demote him to three levels.
In the third year of Tongzhi (1864 AD), Ding Baozhen was promoted to the political envoy of Shandong. In the fourth year of Tongzhi (1865 AD), the monk Lingqin died in Caozhou, Ding Baozhen was impeached, and the cooperation was ineffective. In the fifth year of Tongzhi (1866 AD), Sun Ji and Yushi Zhu Zhen collected other charges to impeach Ding Baozhen, and the matter was transferred to Zeng Guofan, who told the emperor that Ding Baozhen was not guilty. Shandong governor Yan Jingming has always admired Ding Baozhen's talent, and at this time he asked for retirement and recommended Ding Baozhen to replace him, so the imperial court appointed Ding Baozhen as the governor of Shandong. At that time, the troops of the Twist Army were approaching the border coastline, and Li Hongzhang suggested that the imperial court build fortifications on the Jiaolai River, and Ding Baozhen also participated.
In the sixth year of Tongzhi (1867 AD), the East Twist Army fled to the Wei River, and Wang Xin'an, the deputy general of the East Route Army, had just built a camp, but the embankment wall had not yet been completed, and the Twist Army Commander drove straight into and crossed the Wei River, and Ding Baozhen told the emperor about it. The emperor was furious and handed over Li Hongzhang to the Ministry of War for consideration, and Ding Baozhen was punished with dismissal and retention. Prior to this, the East Route Army was guarding the Weihe River, which was originally the garrison of the Anhui general Pan Dingxin, and the Anhui Army had just moved south, and the North Route was immediately defeated. The emperor ordered the deputy general Wang Xin'an to be beheaded, Ding Baozhen wrote a straightforward refutation, the emperor forgave Wang Xin'an, and reprimanded Li Hongzhang, Ding Baozhen repeatedly wrote to expose, and the emperor reprimanded Li Hongzhang more and more for being mean, jealous, and indulging the enemy.
In the seventh year of Tongzhi (1868 AD), the Western Twist Army rushed to Dingzhou, and the vicinity of Gyeonggi was greatly shaken. Ding Baozhen heard the warning of the military situation, and immediately galloped to Dongchang, led 1,000 cavalry, 3,000 elite infantry, and carried five days of food, day and night, to aid the north, and the twisted army then broke and fled to the south. In this battle, the imperial court sent the forbidden army to the outside of the capital to guard against the army, and the generals who commanded the soldiers were reprimanded, and the emperor only because of Ding Baozhen's army, suddenly appeared in front of the enemy, and turned to fight between Xiong, Ren, Shen, Qi, Gao, and Su states, and recovered Raoyang, and the greatest merit, and repeatedly issued a holy decree to praise and reward Ding Baozhen, and add the title of prince and prince.
In Shandong, Ding Baozhen's most well-known thing was to kill the former eunuch An Dehai. An Dehai served Emperor Xianfeng and Empress Dowager Cixi for many years, and after the death of Emperor Xianfeng, he became a confidant of Empress Dowager Cixi and was quite favored. In the eighth year of Tongzhi (1869 AD), An Dehai violated the ancestral system and went out of the palace without permission. On August 2, Ding Baozhen sent cavalry to arrest An Dehai to Tai'an, and then escorted him to Jinan. Ding Baozhen immediately secretly played the imperial court and denounced An Dehai's various illegal acts. On August 6, the decree was obtained, and An Dehai corrected the Fa on the spot. The killing of An Dehai shows Ding Baozhen's decisiveness, uprightness and courage on the one hand, and on the other hand, it also reflects his wisdom in judging the situation. The reason why he is wise is because he knows that there are many people who hate An Dehai who does misdeeds, Empress Dowager Ci'an, Prince Gong Yixin, including Emperor Tongzhi, etc., all hate him to the core, and they all want to put him to death and then hurry up, so he killed him under such a premise.
Even so, Ding Baozhen still found an excuse: "The eunuch is private, not the system." And if the minister has not heard of his fate, he will be deceitful. "That is to say, this An Dehai is a fake, Cixi is so wise, it is impossible to let the authentic Xiao Anzi go out of the palace in violation of regulations. That's wisdom. As for exposing the body for three days, it was to clear up the rumors that An Dehai had an adulterous affair with Cixi, etc., which are all speculation, which can only show that after getting the clear support of everyone in the palace, Ding Baozhen simply did not do anything and carried out the evil to the end.
In the second year of Guangxu (1876 AD), Ding Baozhen was received by Emperor Guangxu and was awarded the title of Crown Guard, Prince Shaobao, and the title of Imperial History of the Military Department and the Right Capital of the Imperial Procuratorate, replacing Wu Tang as the acting governor of Sichuan. Chengdu General Hengxun once again inspected the embankment project, and also criticized the salt transportation for harming the merchants and the people, and the disadvantages were very great, so he refused to blame and argued. The emperor was worried that Ding Baozhen would be confused by the rumors, so he personally ordered Ding Baozhen not to change his original mind. Soon, he was officially awarded a substantive position, and Ding Baozhen also encouraged himself more, paid more attention to storing grain, and strictly supervised and searched for arrests.
When Ding Baozhen first arrived in office, there were cases of theft and robbery in the city every month, and after he took office, he almost killed the bandits, claiming that the road would not be left behind. At that time, Sichuan officials were corrupt and had a huge financial deficit, and Cixi wrote a special word for Ding Baozhen: "The treasure of the country", which shows that the imperial court has high hopes for Ding Baozhen. Ding Baozhen has been in charge of Sichuan for ten years, he is sympathetic to the people's feelings, works hard, and is deeply loved by the people. During this period, he compiled the "Sichuan Salt Law Chronicle", which not only summarized the production technology of Sichuan salt wells, but also had a large number of exquisite woodcut illustrations.
Ding Baozhen added a statue of Huang Tingjian in Du Fu's thatched cottage to enjoy Du Fu. He believes that Huang Tingjian, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty and the founder of the Jiangxi Poetry School, who was as famous as Su Shi because of Su Shi's disciples, openly advertised that he should learn from Du Fu when composing poetry, advocated "unintentional writing" and "rebirth" poetry, and pursued a beautiful and hard style; The original Lu You shrine next to the Ministry of Industry Ancestral Hall was moved to the west of the statue of Du Fu in the ancestral hall, and the shrine of Huang Tingjian was placed directly east of the statue of Du Fu. Later, Qian Baotang, a Qing dynasty man, wrote a book for the Ministry of Industry Ancestral Hall, "The Barren River Knot House Gong Ages, Different Generations Ascend to the Song Dynasty and the Two Sages" couplet, inspiring visitors to pay homage to the great poets of the Tang and Song dynasties.
In the twelfth year of Guangxu (1886), Ding Baozhen died at the age of 66 while serving as governor of Sichuan. Because most of the money issued by the imperial court was used by Ding Baozhen to relieve the poor people, when this feudal official was critically ill, he was in debt. The entourage around him gathered together and took out money to help handle the funeral, so that he could return to his hometown.
After Ding Baozhen's death, Shandong fathers and elders jointly signed a concert with the imperial court and requested that his coffin be transported back to Shandong for burial. The imperial court decreed: "Allow the burial of Shandong, and build shrines in Shandong, Sichuan, and Guizhou." And posthumously presented his crown prince Taibao, nicknamed Wencheng. His son Ding Tichang and others, obeyed his father's will, and in order not to disturb the people, he was mourned by water. In the autumn of the following year, the coffin returned to Jinan. The gentry and the common people "sacrificed and hung in the suburbs, and the soldiers and civilians mourned". On September 25, the thirteenth year of Guangxu (A.D. 1887), Ding Baozhen was buried on the east side of the tomb of Mrs. Yuanpei Chen of Dingjia Lindi in Licheng (now east of Quanfu overpass in Licheng District, Jinan).
Supplement Ding Baozhen anecdote:
Mistakenly taking the medicine: Ding Baozhen in the Xianfeng years, once served in the Hanlin Academy, one day, on the music to talk about the military, Xianfeng Emperor read the great joy, summoned in the Old Summer Palace. Ding Baozhen entered the garden early and waited, and saw a glass plate in the corner of the room, which contained more than a dozen fruits. Ding Baozhen was feeling thirsty, so he ate one, felt that the sweetness was abnormal, and ate two or three more, and suddenly felt a fever in his abdomen, and his penis was overgrown, and he was very embarrassed. At this time, Emperor Xianfeng had ascended to the palace and was about to be summoned, Ding Baozhen immediately threw himself on the ground and cried out in pain, lying that the sha disease had a sudden attack, so he was able to leave the garden. Later, an official of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, who had a relationship with him, told him: "The most powerful of these kinds of flattering drugs, there are dozens of forbidden flattering drugs, and this is the first." Even if you take it, you can also suddenly be humane, have sex with a woman, and the medicine will return to its original form. This must be stolen out of the inner prison, and it has not been hidden in time, and if you eat it by mistake, it will also be destroyed!" Ding Baozhen hurriedly found a doctor for a consultation, and began to lie in bed for more than ten days.
Kung Pao Chicken: The original name of Kung Pao Chicken was Kung Pao Chicken, and this dish was invented by Ding Baozhen. It is rumored that Ding Baozhen has a lot of research on cooking, likes to eat chicken and peanuts, and especially likes spicy flavors. When he was governor of Sichuan, he created a delicacy made by stir-frying diced chicken, red peppers, and peanuts. This dish was originally the "private dish" of the Ding family, but later it became more and more widespread and everyone knew it. The so-called "Gong Bao" is actually Ding Baozhen's honorary title. In recognition of his merits, the Qing court posthumously presented the "Prince Taibao". "Prince Taibao" is one of the "Kung Pao", so the dish he invented was named "Kung Pao Chicken", which can be regarded as a commemoration of him. Time has passed, many people no longer know what "Gong Bao" is, so they take it for granted that "Gong Bao Chicken" is written as "Gong Bao Chicken", although there is a word difference, but it has changed the original intention of commemorating Ding Baozhen.
(End of this article)