Tōwen-hsien
Vice President of the Institute of National Development and Strategy, Renmin University of Chinese
Professor at the School of Marxism
Chen Huiling
Ph.D. candidate, School of Marxism, Chinese University
On March 5, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized when participating in the deliberations of the Jiangsu delegation at the second session of the 14th National People's Congress: "All localities should adhere to the actual situation, first establish and then break, adapt measures to local conditions, and provide classified guidance, according to the local resource endowment, industrial base, scientific research conditions, etc., selectively promote the development of new industries, new models and new kinetic energy, transform and upgrade traditional industries with new technologies, and actively promote high-end, intelligent and green industries." As an important methodology for the development of new quality productive forces in various localities, "establishing first and then breaking down, adapting measures to local conditions, and providing classified guidance" has pointed out the direction and choice of the road for the mainland economy to compose a higher quality, more efficient, fairer, more sustainable and safer movement of the times.
Insist on standing first and then breaking
Grasp the main tone of developing new quality productive forces
The so-called "first build and then break" is to create new things in advance, and then transform old things. In the context of Marxism, the development of things goes through three stages: affirmation, negation and new negation, and finally realizes the process of self-transcendence and self-improvement, vividly presenting the movement picture of the two sides of the contradiction of "breaking" and "establishing" as two aspects of the same process, interdependent and mutually transformative. The three forms of existence of "standing first and then breaking", "breaking first and then standing", and "standing and breaking at the same time" profoundly reveal the multiple expressions of the relationship between the two sides of the contradiction of "standing" and "breaking". In essence, no matter what form the two eventually appear, their purpose is to resolve the contradiction, and the core is to optimize and upgrade. As far as the development of new productive forces is concerned, the order of "establishing first and then breaking" is intended to reflect the core essence of General Secretary Xi Jinping's objective summarization of experience and scientific guidance of practice based on the actual situation of the current economic development situation and development requirements of the mainland. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "The mainland is a big country, and it must not make subversive mistakes on fundamental issues, and once they occur, they will be irreparable and irreparable. In December 2023, the Central Economic Work Conference clearly emphasized the general tone of the national economic work of "insisting on seeking progress while maintaining stability, promoting stability with progress, and establishing first and then breaking down". Based on this, the development of new quality productivity, as a strong driving force and supporting force to promote the country's high-quality development, needs to consciously grasp the methodological requirements of "establishing first and then breaking" to ensure the steady and long-term development of the national economy.
On the one hand, the "establishment" is carried out first, emphasizing the urgency and importance of establishing the qualitative state of advanced productive forces. At present, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is sweeping the world in an unprecedented situation, which has a significant impact on the world economic structure and competition pattern. In the face of major changes in the world unseen in a century, General Secretary Xi Jinping has repeatedly stressed that China must "take a long-term view, seize the opportunity, and take advantage of the momentum". General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that the new quality of productivity is born by revolutionary breakthroughs in technology, innovative allocation of production factors, and deep industrial transformation and upgrading. To a certain extent, whoever grasps the first-mover advantage of the current new round of scientific and technological revolution will win the magic weapon of international competition, and the development of new quality productive forces is precisely the practical need and important support for China to win the strategic initiative in a new round of global scientific and technological competition.
On the other hand, after "breaking", it is emphasized that "the development of new quality productive forces is not to ignore or abandon traditional industries", but to adopt a scientific method that correctly balances the relationship between the present and the long-term, and between innovation and tradition. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "You can't throw away the guy who eats in your hand first, and the new guy who eats hasn't got it yet, which is not good." This shows that for a large developing country like the mainland, which has a large population, unbalanced regional economic development, and is still in the process of industrialization, it is necessary to look at traditional industries from a comprehensive, developmental, and dialectical perspective, and to be deliberate, deliberate, and step-by-step. Traditional industries are not backward and ineffective industries, on the contrary, a complete and profound understanding of the advantages of traditional industries in terms of relatively mature production technology, many categories, complete systems, etc., and an objective and scientific view of the status and role of traditional industries is of great significance to accelerate the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries and build a solid foundation for a modern industrial system. To this end, it is necessary to make great efforts to promote the optimization and upgrading of traditional industries such as steel, nonferrous metals, petrochemicals, chemicals, and building materials, and empower the mainland's traditional industries to upgrade in the process of integrating new technologies and superimposing new models, so as to promote the high-end, intelligent and green development of industries, and stabilize the "ballast stone" of the economy of a large country.
Persist in adapting measures to local conditions
Grasp the strongest voice for the development of new quality productive forces
The so-called "adapting measures to local conditions" means developing new productive forces in accordance with the actual conditions of various localities, and its essence is to emphasize seeking truth from facts and proceeding from reality in everything. In the context of Marxism, proceeding from reality in everything means taking objectively existing things as the fundamental starting point for observing and dealing with problems, which is the fundamental requirement and concrete embodiment of Marxist epistemology. As far as the development of new productive forces is concerned, the methodology of "adapting measures to local conditions" aims to present the vivid transformation of General Secretary Xi Jinping from the actual situation of the current economic development situation and development requirements of the mainland, from clarifying "why to develop according to local conditions" to guiding "how to develop according to local conditions".
First, it is necessary to clarify the importance of developing new productive forces in accordance with local conditions. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "The development of new quality productivity is an inherent requirement and an important focus for promoting high-quality development. "From the perspective of the needs of the current development situation, the primary task of the country's high-quality development requires that the development of new quality productivity in all regions must be adapted to local conditions, and in the process of fully stimulating the comparative advantages of various regions, it is necessary to effectively promote the rational flow and efficient agglomeration of various factors, and promote the construction of a high-quality development power system with innovation as the core. At the same time, proceeding from China's actual national conditions, the mainland has a vast territory and a large population, and the resource endowments and development levels of various regions are very different, and the key and difficult points of development are different, so it is impossible to simply apply a single development model. This requires that in the process of developing new productive forces, all localities must adapt measures to local conditions and prescribe the right medicine for the situation.
Second, it is necessary to clarify the pertinence of developing new quality productive forces in accordance with local conditions. At present, the foundation for the development of new quality productive forces in the country is characterized by significant regional differences, and the eastern region, as the experimental field and vanguard of the country's reform and opening up development, plays a "leading role" in cultivating and developing new quality productive forces. At the same time, relying on measures such as stimulating the vitality of its own traditional production factors and cultivating and expanding new production factors, the western region, the central region and the northeast region also assume the role of a new force in the process of developing new quality productive forces, constantly narrowing the gap with advanced productive forces, and creating their own unique regional advantages. To this end, combined with the actual situation of various regions, General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out that the Northeast region should "actively cultivate new energy, new materials, advanced manufacturing, electronic information and other strategic emerging industries, and actively cultivate future industries", "Tianjin, as a national advanced manufacturing research and development base, should give full play to the advantages of rich scientific and educational resources, and strive to be the first and do good deeds in the development of new quality productivity". This provides an important guideline for further avoiding the dilemma of "rushing to the top, bubbles" and "one model" in the process of developing new quality productive forces in various regions, and instead selectively promoting the development of new industries, new models and new kinetic energy according to the actual situation.
Third, it is necessary to clarify the coordination of developing new productive forces in accordance with local conditions. When participating in the deliberations of the Jiangsu delegation at the second session of the 14th National People's Congress, General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed: "Jiangsu should fully integrate into and serve the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the integrated development strategy of the Yangtze River Delta, strengthen the docking with other regional development strategies and major regional strategies, and build an innovation chain, industrial chain and supply chain in a wider range, so as to better play the radiation driving force of the major economic provinces to the development of the region and even the whole country." At the symposium on promoting the rise of the central region in the new era, General Secretary Xi Jinping once again clarified the realistic requirements of "strengthening the connection with other major development strategies and better integrating into and supporting the new development pattern". Therefore, it is necessary to focus on improving the level of cooperation among various regions and expanding the development space in the whole process, so as to form a joint force of the era of high-quality national development and provide strong support for Chinese-style modernization and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Adhere to categorical guidance
Grasp the concerto of developing new quality productive forces
The so-called "categorical guidance" is to emphasize that the development of new quality productive forces should adhere to the problem-oriented, pay attention to improving accuracy, and enhance effectiveness. In the context of Marxism, adhering to the problem orientation is the expression of the times using the contradiction analysis method of materialist dialectics to study and solve problems. This requires us to persist in making concrete analyses of specific problems, be good at understanding and defusing contradictions, and in particular, give priority to resolving the main contradictions as a breakthrough point to open up the situation, so as to bring about the resolution of other contradictions. As far as the development of new quality productivity is concerned, the methodology of "classified guidance" aims to show that General Secretary Xi Jinping starts from the actual situation of the current economic development situation and development requirements of the mainland, grasps the core element of scientific and technological innovation, and thus promotes the optimization and upgrading of new industrial positions, new advantages of talents, new policy guarantees, and new international patterns. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Whether a city depends on one industry to develop, that is not necessarily. How many industries to rely on, what industry to rely on, all have a key to open a lock, according to the specific situation, can not place an order. "In the process of promoting the development of new quality productivity, all regions should avoid the situation of "one size fits all" and "one pot boil", and achieve accurate understanding and correct grasp of policies and measures, so as to ensure the full play of the huge efficiency of new quality productivity, and build new competitiveness and creativity for the high-quality development of China's economy.
Specifically, the first is to strengthen original and disruptive scientific and technological innovation to provide a steady stream of new momentum for the development of new quality productivity. General Secretary Xi Jinping has repeatedly emphasized that "key core technologies are not to come, can not be bought, can not be bought", only by strengthening the original breakthrough of "from 0 to 1" and the subversive transformation of "from 1 to infinity", and grasping the top-level design and task implementation, can we firmly grasp the initiative of development in our own hands and lay a solid foundation for the development of new quality productivity. The second is to actively cultivate strategic emerging industries and future industries, and provide a new position for innovative practice for the development of new quality productive forces. The practical requirements such as "promoting the development of integrated clusters of strategic emerging industries" and "building future industries ahead of time" have pointed out the way forward for the continuous iterative upgrading of industrial development and the overall leap in the level of new productivity empowered by integration and innovation under the new situation. The third is to shape a high-quality labor force and reserve excellent human resources for the development of new productive forces. General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed the need to improve the working mechanism of talent training, introduction, use and reasonable flow, not only to take the road of independent training of talents, but also to increase the opening up of talents, and to pay attention to the correct political direction of innovative talents, and pay attention to the cultivation of good spiritual and cultural cultivation and moral customs. Fourth, it is necessary to deepen the reform of the economic system and the scientific and technological system, and strive to break through the blockages that restrict the development of new productive forces. General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed: "To develop new quality productive forces, we must further deepen reform in an all-round way and form a new type of production relationship that is compatible with it. "To this end, it is necessary to continue to promote the reform of emerging fields, the construction of a high-level socialist market economy system and the improvement of scientific and technological innovation systems and mechanisms. Fifth, we should persist in opening up to the outside world at a high level and create a good international environment for the development of new productive forces. To this end, General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out the basic path for high-level cooperation and exchanges from many aspects, such as deepening the reform and innovation of trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, deepening the free flow of technology elements across borders, strengthening exchanges and mutual learning with the world's high-standard free trade zones, and creating an open innovation ecology with global competitiveness, so as to provide realistic guidance for continuously shaping a new picture of international cooperation and win-win.
On the new journey, we must keep in mind that high-quality development is the last word in the new era, deeply understand and firmly grasp the key essence of developing new quality productivity, adhere to the development of new quality productivity in accordance with local conditions, and provide classified guidance, so as to make due contributions to comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation with Chinese-style modernization.
Source: China Social Science Network
WeChat editor: Zhang Jingjing
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