The national modern agricultural industrial park refers to the agricultural industrial park established or constructed with the approval of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the Ministry of Finance, which integrates production, processing and science and technology, and has a regional representative and demonstration leading role, and is an important carrier for implementing agricultural supply-side structural reform, cultivating new momentum for agricultural and rural development, and promoting agricultural modernization and rural revitalization. On December 31, 2016, the No. 1 document of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on further promoting the structural reform of the agricultural supply side and accelerating the cultivation of new momentum for agricultural and rural development was officially released, which formally put forward the concept of "modern agricultural industrial park" and established the goal of building a modern agricultural industrial park of "production + processing + science and technology" in the mainland.
At present, the state has successively published five batches of a total of 150 national-level modern agricultural industrial parks (see the table at the end of the article for details), covering different types of advantageous and characteristic industries across the country. These parks not only expand and strengthen the advantageous and characteristic industries, but also drive farmers to increase their income and become rich, and also accumulate valuable experience for the subsequent construction of modern agricultural industrial parks.
This article will focus on how to build a national modern agricultural industrial park from the characteristics of the national modern agricultural industrial park, the idea of building, the combing of policies, the display of cases, etc., aiming to throw bricks and lead jade, and welcome readers and friends to communicate on this.
01
Characteristics of the national modern agricultural industrial park
Statistics show that the mainland's total agricultural output value has shown a basically sustained upward trend in the past decade. Even in 2019, affected by the epidemic, the industrial output value only increased by 0.76% year-on-year, but the agricultural output value also maintained a large growth rate of 10.72%. In addition, the increasingly severe pressure of environmental protection has made agriculture take on the important task of ecological restoration, and the multiple functions of agriculture have further highlighted its importance, and realizing agricultural modernization through scientific and technological empowerment has become the only way to promote the high-quality development of agriculture. Accordingly, it is concluded that the modern agricultural industrial park has the following characteristics:
Optimization of industrial structure. The park is dominated by advantageous and characteristic industries, forming a new pattern of integrated development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries. In the park, there are not only high-efficiency and water-saving planting bases, large-scale livestock and poultry farms, advanced agricultural product processing plants, but also scientific and technological innovation centers, agricultural product trading centers, agricultural tourism scenic spots, etc., realizing the whole chain coverage from the field to the table, from production to consumption.
The technical level has been improved. The park makes full use of digital technologies such as big data, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence to realize the visual expression and information management of the whole process of agricultural production. The park has introduced advanced planting technology, breeding technology, processing technology and testing technology, which has improved the quality and safety of agricultural products and reduced production costs and resource consumption.
Business model innovation. The park has adopted various forms of interest linkage mechanism, which has stimulated the enthusiasm of farmers to participate in the development of modern agriculture. There are various cooperation modes in the park, such as enterprises + bases + farmers, cooperatives + farmers, and complexes + farmers, which have realized the connection of order contract, stable supply and marketing, service cooperation and three industries. The park also guides all kinds of capital to enter through the establishment of funds, financing guarantees, loan discounts, etc.
The social benefits are significant. The construction of the park has effectively promoted the increase of local farmers' income and prosperity, and improved their living standards and happiness. The park not only provides farmers with jobs and training opportunities, but also provides them with public services such as medical security, social security, and cultural entertainment. The park also pays attention to ecological and environmental protection, and realizes green and sustainable development.
02
The idea of building a national modern agricultural industrial park
01
Scientific planning and overall layout
Coordinate the land, finance, transportation, tourism and other departments, strictly abide by and implement the higher-level planning, do a good job in the adjustment and connection of the planning at the same level, and achieve the dislocation development of the industry and complement each other on the premise of fully understanding the surrounding industries and resources, so as to realize the rapid implementation of the project and achieve the expected benefits.
02
Make good use of policies and actively guide
Deeply understand the relevant policies such as high-standard farmland construction, comprehensive agricultural development, and modern agricultural production development, supported by concessions and preferential policies, and leverage multi-channel and multi-type capital with state-owned funds to share risks and benefits.
03
Industrial agglomeration and integrated development
Through the operation mode of "production + processing + technology", the production end provides raw materials, the processing end improves the added value of agricultural products, and empowers agricultural production and agricultural product processing with science and technology, so as to realize the linkage and integrated development of the three industries.
04
Interests are linked, helping farmers and benefiting farmers
We should speed up the cultivation of new-type business entities, support farmers in setting up cooperatives and other business organizations, participate in market transactions, and improve the degree of organization in which farmers enter the market; improve the employment service system for farmers and provide jobs for farmers by relying on industrial organizations and industrial chains; establish a cooperative model that integrates production and marketing, and open up key links such as production, processing, logistics, and sales, so as to dispel the worries of rural households.
05
Evaluate and assess, and strengthen supervision
Establish a normalized evaluation and assessment mechanism, evaluate and assess the park from various aspects such as output value, revenue status, industrial coordination, and employment drive, and set up corresponding reward and punishment measures. Establish a dynamic risk early warning mechanism to prevent potential risks.
03
Policy Accounting
The policy at the national level explains the financial support for the establishment of modern agricultural industrial parks, while the policies at the provincial level explain in more detail the financial support methods, tax incentives and innovative financial support for modern agricultural industrial parks.
Some of the policy documents are summarized as follows:
04
The general process of creating a modern agricultural industrial park
The creation of a modern agricultural industrial park involves many factors. Here are the general steps you can take to create an agro-industrial park:
(1) Determine the goal: The government at this level, in conjunction with the Agriculture and Rural Bureau, the Finance Bureau and other relevant departments, relies on the local agricultural resource endowment to determine the development industry and development goals of the entire park.
The development of industries such as: Heilongjiang Wuchang rice, Meishan kimchi industry, Inner Mongolia Horqin aquaculture industry, etc.
Development goals such as improving the yield and quality of agricultural products, promoting sustainable agriculture, creating jobs or promoting economic growth.
(2) Conduct a feasibility study: Before creating an agricultural industrial park, it is important to conduct a feasibility study to assess the feasibility of the project. This should include an assessment of local market demand, available resources, branding, infrastructure, financial analysis, and socio-economic benefits.
(3) Site selection of agricultural industrial parks: In the case of perfect infrastructure conditions such as transportation, water and electricity, select a suitable site for agricultural industrial parks.
(4) Land acquisition: China's state-owned construction land is acquired through auction, and agricultural land or collective construction land is obtained through leasing (circulation) to obtain the land required for agricultural industrial parks.
(5) Planning and design of the industrial park: comprehensive planning and design of the park, including layout, infrastructure, supporting facilities, etc. Fully consider the integration of the three industries in the park and enhance the value of the industrial chain of the entire park.
(6) Infrastructure development: Develop the necessary infrastructure, such as farmland, roads, public facilities, factories and communication networks.
(7) Creation and identification: Simultaneously promote the establishment and identification of national modern agricultural industrial parks, with a minimum of 2 years and a maximum of 3 years. After being identified, it can strive for central financial awards and subsidies, and it is easier to raise funds for the construction of the park, which is conducive to the smooth creation of the park.
(8) Investment attraction (investment attraction of the industrial park): Attract agricultural enterprises and entrepreneurs to the industrial park by publicizing the advantages of the industrial park, such as the use of modern facilities, infrastructure and support services.
(9) Support services for sustainable development: Provide support services to rural households, such as financing, technical assistance, training and marketing assistance. Integrate sustainable practices into the operation of agricultural parks, such as energy-efficient buildings, waste reduction, and water conservation.
(10) Monitoring and evaluation: Evaluate and assess the park from various aspects such as output value, revenue, industrial coordination, and employment drive, and set up corresponding reward and punishment measures.
(xi) Building partnerships: Promote collaboration and alliances among park tenants and with government agencies, research institutes and other stakeholders in the agricultural sector. Build partnerships with local farmers, agricultural cooperatives, and other stakeholders in the community. This will help create a supportive ecosystem for the project and increase the likelihood of success.
(12) Implementation of modern technology: Implement modern technology in the park, including precision agriculture technology, data analysis and automation systems. This will help optimize production, reduce waste, and increase efficiency.
05
Case Study
Under the guidance of national policies, local governments at all levels have actively implemented, and some modern agricultural industrial parks relying on local characteristic industries have been completed and put into operation, which has accumulated valuable experience for the subsequent construction of modern agricultural industrial parks while expanding and strengthening advantageous industries and driving farmers to increase their incomes and become rich.
At present, the construction of modern agricultural industrial parks in the country is blooming everywhere, taking Sichuan Province as an example, 10 parks have been identified as national modern agricultural industrial parks, ranking in the forefront of the country, and agricultural policy finance has played a vital role in supporting the creation of modern agricultural industrial parks.
Some projects in Sichuan Province that have received financial support from agricultural policies
06
Opportunities and challenges
From 2017 to 2023, the state has issued the "Notice on the Establishment of National Modern Agricultural Industrial Parks" for seven consecutive years, and the continuity of policies has created a good environment for the construction of modern agricultural industrial parks, and the demonstration effect and guiding role of policy capital investment have provided strong support for the development of modern agricultural industrial parks. The rapid development of digital technology has provided new ideas for agricultural modernization. Digital technology will help eliminate outdated agricultural production methods, reduce agricultural production costs, improve agricultural production efficiency, and ultimately establish a green and sustainable modern agricultural development model. The development of Internet technology has made the sales channels of agricultural products more abundant, and commodity information can cover a wider range of consumer groups. Consumers' demand for higher levels of agricultural products, such as personalization and experience, has injected impetus into the development of the agricultural industry and pointed out the direction for the future development of the agricultural industry.
While there are opportunities, there are still many challenges:
First, there is a shortage of high-quality talents in modern agriculture. Different from the traditional agricultural park based on simple labor, the modern agricultural industrial park integrates scientific and technological innovation and industrial integration, which puts forward higher requirements for the quality of personnel in various positions in the park. The development requirements and the actual situation cannot be matched, which restricts the development of the modern agricultural industrial park to a certain extent.
Second, it is a single source of construction funds. The core idea of the modern agricultural industrial park is the integrated development of industries, which makes its construction capital demand relatively large, the construction period is long, and the extended payback period is not attractive enough to the social capital side, except for government subsidy funds and bank loans, there are few other channels of capital investment, which also leads to greater financial burden and credit risk.
Third, it is the operational risk caused by low added value. As a low-value-added industry, the market price of agriculture is not much different from its own value, and once it deviates from the reasonable price, it will be quickly eliminated by the market. In addition, before the park reaches a high degree of intelligence, the production and processing of agricultural products still need to employ a large number of laborers, and labor costs will rise. Therefore, if the park operator cannot increase the added value of agricultural products through brand building and differentiated products, it will face higher operational risks.
07
epilogue
The modern agricultural industrial park is an important carrier for implementing the supply-side structural reform of agriculture, cultivating new momentum for agricultural and rural development, and promoting agricultural modernization and rural revitalization. Through scientific and technological innovation and institutional innovation, we will transform agricultural production methods, improve resource utilization efficiency, innovate agricultural management systems, and achieve green and sustainable development.
At present, we should make full use of the favorable policies of the state on the modern agricultural industrial park, actively strive for local financial funds and policy-based financial support, do a good job in the preliminary planning of the park according to local conditions, build a unique high-quality agricultural product industrial belt and a modern agricultural demonstration park, give full play to the agglomeration effect, promote innovation with talents, and promote integration with innovation, so as to finally build a modern agricultural industrial park that helps farmers and benefits farmers.