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1. Introduction to high and low voltage cabinets
As the name suggests, the high and low voltage distribution cabinet is used in the power supply system for power distribution, control, metering and connection of power distribution equipment, the general power supply bureau, substation is used high-voltage switchgear, and then through the transformer step-down low-voltage side to the low-voltage distribution cabinet, low-voltage distribution cabinet in the distribution panel of each electricity, control box, switch box, inside is through some switches, circuit breakers, fuses, buttons, indicators, instruments, wires and other protection devices assembled into one to meet the design function requirements of the power distribution device equipment.
Second, the classification of high and low voltage cabinets
Classification of high-voltage switchgear
1. According to the installation method of circuit breaker:
According to the installation method of circuit breaker, it is divided into movable type (handcart type) and fixed type
(1) Removal type or handcart type (represented by Y): the main electrical components in the cabinet (such as: circuit breaker) are installed on the handcart that can be withdrawn, because the handcart cabinet has good interchangeability, it can greatly improve the reliability of power supply, and the commonly used handcart types are: isolation handcart, metering handcart, circuit breaker handcart, PT handcart, capacitor handcart and the use of the handcart, such as: KYN28A-12.
■Domestic cabinet type: such as the common KYN28(A)-12, and the cabinet type with the same performance are: KYN44-12 and KYN36-12, which can only be replaced with each other after the consent of the owner;
■Imported or joint venture cabinet type: such as ZS1 (ABB cooperative product); MVnex (Schneider products), NXAirs (Siemens cooperation products), UG550 (Xiamen ABB products).
(2) Fixed type (represented by G): It means that all electrical components in the cabinet (such as: circuit breaker or load switch, etc.) are fixed installation, and the fixed switch cabinet is relatively simple and economical, such as: XGN2-10, GG-1A, etc.
■Domestic cabinet type: XGN66-12, and the cabinet type with the same performance are XGN2-12, XGN17-12, GG-1A, which can be replaced only after the consent of the owner.
2. According to the installation location:
According to the installation location, it is divided into indoor and outdoor
(1) For indoor use (represented by N): It means that it can only be installed and used indoors, such as: KYN28A-12 and other switch cabinets.
(2) For outdoor use (represented by W): It means that it can be installed and used outdoors, such as: XLW and other switch cabinets.
3. According to the cabinet structure:
According to the cabinet structure, it can be divided into four categories: metal-enclosed armored switchgear, metal-enclosed spaced switchgear, metal-enclosed box-type switchgear and open switchgear.
(1) Metal-enclosed armored switchgear (represented by the letter K): The main components (e.g., circuit breaker, transformer, busbar, etc.) are respectively installed in the metal-enclosed switchgear in the compartment separated by a metal partition on the ground. Such as: KYN28A-12 high-voltage switchgear.
(2) The metal-enclosed spaced switchgear (represented by the letter J) is similar to the armored metal-enclosed switchgear, and its main electrical components are also installed in separate compartments, but with one or more non-metallic partitions that meet a certain level of protection. Such as JYN2-12 high-voltage switchgear.
(3) Metal-enclosed box-type switchgear (represented by the letter X) The switchgear shell is a metal-enclosed switchgear. Such as XGN2-12 high-voltage switchgear.
(4) Open switchgear, no protection level requirements, some parts of the shell are open switchgear. Such as GG-1A(F) type high-voltage switchgear.
Classification of low-voltage cabinets
There are many types and models of low-voltage switchgear, such as our common ones: GCS drawer cabinet, GGD distribution cabinet, inlet cabinet, outlet cabinet, etc. Low-voltage distribution cabinet: soft start control cabinet, frequency conversion control cabinet, star delta start control cabinet, PLC control cabinet, etc. Low-voltage distribution cabinet models generally have GCS, GCK, MNS, GGD, PGL, GCL, BFC, MNS, MNS, etc.:
(1) GCK cabinet: protection level: IP30, IP40, dimensions of width * depth * height mm: 600 (800, 1000) * 800 (1000) * 2200, feed circuit Z high current: 3150A, drawer circuit Z high current: 3150A.
(2) GCL cabinet: the cabinet body is assembled with thin-walled special-shaped profiles, with high strength, good performance, light weight, and the frame, door panel and other components are electrostatically sprayed with epoxy powder coating, with uniform coating, good insulation performance and durability. In the MCC scheme, the cabinet is divided into five areas: horizontal bus area, vertical bus area, functional unit area, cable room, and neutral grounding bus area. Each area is isolated from each other to ensure the normal operation of the line and effectively prevent the function of fault expansion.
(3) PGL cabinet: low-voltage power distribution device installed indoors and maintained on both sides. The basic structure of the distribution cabinet is made of steel plate and angle steel welding. There is a door in front of the cabinet, and there is a dashboard above the countertop, which is a small door that can be opened, and an indicator instrument can be installed. Side-by-side assembled cabinets, with partitions between cabinets and cabinets, reduce the possibility of expanding accidents due to failures in a single cabinet. There is a main bus installation sub-insulating frame above the skeleton behind the cabinet, and a bus protective cover is provided to prevent the vicious accident of short circuit of the main bus caused by falling metal objects above.
(4) GGD cabinet: The cabinet frame is made of 8MF cold-formed steel partially welded and assembled, and there are mounting holes arranged according to the modulus of E=20mm and E=100mm respectively on the frame, so as to improve the versatility of product assembly. The ZMJ busbar clamp thermoformed with high flame retardant PPO material is a building block combination structure, high mechanical strength and insulation.
(5) MNS cabinet: The frame of MNS low-voltage switchgear is a combined structure, and the basic skeleton is assembled from C-shaped steel. All the structural parts of the cabinet frame are galvanized, and are firmly connected into the basic cabinet frame by self-tapping locking screws or 8.8 hexagonal bolts, plus the doors, partitions, mounting brackets and bus function units corresponding to the scheme changes to assemble a complete switch cabinet.
3. Composition and price analysis of high and low voltage cabinets
1. Calculation formula:
The total price of the cabinet = components + cabinet + copper bar + labor profit + tax + freight
2. Influencing factors:
(1) Electrical component brand (main influencing factor): the higher the brand grade of components, the higher the price;
(2) Cabinet material and IP protection level;
(3) Process assembly cost. Because of the high technology and operating costs of large factories, the price will be higher than that of general manufacturers.
3. High-voltage cabinet body: plate: A3 steel plate or aluminum-zinc plate, thickness: conventional 2mm (special requirements are negotiable), IP protection level: IP20 conventional production.
4. Low-voltage cabinet body: plate: A3 plate or aluminum-zinc plate, thickness: conventional 2mm (special requirements are negotiable), IP protection level: IP30 conventional production, IP42 front door with double-layer panel, cabinet top cover, IP54 front door with double-layer panel, cabinet top cover, ventilation grille special production.
Fourth, the characteristics of high and low voltage cabinets
High voltage cabinet features
1. Heat shrinkable insulating materials and epoxy coating insulation technology are used to optimize the shape of the electrode, and the cabinet structure is compact and the floor area is reduced;
2. The cabinet body of the switch cabinet is made of high-quality cold-rolled steel after being processed and formed by CNC sheet metal, connected by high-strength bolts, nuts and rivet nuts, and the surface of the components is sprayed or galvanized;
3. It can be equipped with domestic ZN85-40.5 vacuum circuit breaker and French SF1, SF2 and FP system sulfur hexafluoride circuit breaker to meet the needs of different users;
4. Each functional chamber of the switch cabinet is sealed with metal plates, and is equipped with an independent pressure release channel;
5. Circuit breaker, grounding switch and other operations can be carried out when the switch cabinet is closed, and the door can be closed;
6. The structure of the switch cabinet has strong adaptability, and the main wiring scheme can reach more than 198 kinds, which can meet the needs of different users;
7. There is a mechanical interlocking device to prevent misoperation between the handcar, circuit breaker, grounding switch and the rear cabinet door, and the "five prevention" functions are complete, safe and reliable.
Low-voltage cabinet features
The rated current of the low-voltage distribution cabinet is AC 50Hz, and the rated voltage of 380V is used for power, lighting and power distribution power conversion and control. The product has the characteristics of strong breaking ability, good dynamic and thermal stability, flexible electrical scheme, convenient combination, strong seriality and practicability, and novel structure.
5. The differences and advantages and disadvantages of GCK, GCS, MNS low-voltage switchgear
1. The difference between GCK, GCS, MNS low-voltage switchgear
2. Advantages and disadvantages of GCK, GCS, MNS low-voltage switchgear
(1) GGD type AC low-voltage switchgear:
Merit:
It has the advantages of reasonable mechanism, convenient installation and maintenance, good protection performance, high segmentation capacity, large capacity, strong stability and wide applicability, and can be used as a replacement product.
Shortcoming:
There are few circuits, and the units cannot be arbitrarily combined and occupy a large area, so they cannot communicate with the computer.
(2) GCK switchgear:
Merit:
It has strong segmentation ability, good dynamic and thermal stability, advanced and reasonable structure, flexible electrical scheme, strong seriality and versatility, and various scheme units can be arbitrarily combined. A cabinet can accommodate a large number of circuits, save floor space, high protection level, safety and reliability, and convenient maintenance.
Shortcoming:
The horizontal bus is located on the top of the cabinet, and the vertical bus has no flame-retardant plastic functional board and cannot communicate with the computer.
(3) GCS low-voltage withdrawable switchgear:
Merit:
It has high technical performance indicators, can adapt to the development needs of the power market, and can compete with the existing introduced products. According to the principle of safety, economy, reasonableness and reliability, the new low-voltage withdrawable switchgear also has the characteristics of high breaking and connecting capacity, good dynamic and thermal stability, flexible electrical scheme, convenient combination, strong series practicability, novel structure and high protection level.
(4) MNS series products
Merit:
■Compact design, can accommodate more functional units in a small space.
■Strong versatility of structure and flexible assembly; The C-type profile with 25mm as the module can meet the requirements of various structural forms, protection levels and use environments.
■Standard module design: It can be composed of standard units such as protection, operation, conversion, control, regulation, and indication. It can be assembled according to requirements.
■High technical performance. The main parameters have reached the local international technical level.
■ Compression site, high degree of three-in-is, can greatly compress the storage and transportation of pre-made site.
■Easy to assemble and does not require special complexity.
Shortcoming:
The cost is relatively high.
6. The reference unit price of the original cabinet and the authorized cabinet
7. Commonly used brands of high and low voltage cabinets
Classified by electrical components
Classified by manufacturer
8. Quotation of high and low voltage cabinets for the substation and distribution project of a science and technology building in Shenzhen
Data source | Cost pass
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