Proper control of fertilizer and water for age-appropriate non-fruiting trees, generally the tree growth is too vigorous. Therefore, in the supply of fertilizer and water, we should grasp the principle of promoting in the early stage and controlling it in the later stage, and avoid not growing vigorously in the early stage and being greedy for growth in the later stage.
The angle of opening large branches can be pulled, supported, pinned, pressed, connected, sawed and other methods, so that the main, side branches and auxiliary branches can reach the standard angle, which is conducive to improving the light conditions, easing the branch potential, promoting the development of medium and short branches, and easy to flower.
Delayed pruning postpones winter pruning until after budding until the new shoots have grown to 5 cm. The method is basically the same as winter shears. However, two points must be noted: first, this method can only be carried out on Wang Shu and Wang branches; Second, after 2 consecutive years of delayed pruning, the tree and branch can generally ease and stabilize, and the third year should be transferred to normal winter pruning, otherwise the tree and branch strength will be weakened.
Peeling surgery is subdivided into four types: cut, annular peeling, circumcision and inverted peeling. Wound is to use scissors to cut above or below the branch or bud; Ring stripping is the stripping of bark of a certain width; Circumcision is to use a knife blade to circumferentially cut a certain part of a branch or trunk for a week; Inverted barking is to peel off the ring of bark upside down and then stick it to the ring peeling place.
The practice of pruning and putting as much as possible shows that apple trees grow fast without pruning, thicken quickly, have a large number of branches and buds, a large crown, and bear fruit early; Only light pruning can have a large number of branch buds, which is conducive to premature birth and early abundance; Medium pruning, heavy pruning, large amount of pruning, small amount of branch buds, large weakening, late and less fruit.
The cultivation method of the branch group is suitable for the cultivation of the age-appropriate non-fruiting branch group, and the method of first light and then heavy can be used more, and the effect is better. In addition, attention should be paid to leaving more flowers and fruits to promote the transformation of plants to normal fruits, and the effect is better.
Thinning the dense branches and timely thinning of dense developing branches, vigorous erect branches, introverted branches, weak branches, long branches and competing branches is conducive to improving light conditions, increasing nutrient accumulation, reducing nutrient consumption and promoting flower bud formation.
For the tree head that is strong at the top and weak at the bottom, strong and vigorous, and the tree body is too high, it is best to bend it in a space on the north side of the canopy, and the branch angle is 90 degrees, which should be fixed; Or adopt the method of turning the main head to make the central leader bend and extend.
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