In the Song Dynasty, the emphasis was on literature and military suppression, and those students from poor backgrounds, as long as they studied hard, it was possible for them to carp jump over the dragon gate, so as to become officials of the Great Song Dynasty, which is equivalent to the staff in today's system, not only decent, but also well-paid.
Zhu Xi, a great Confucian in the Southern Song Dynasty, was born in a family of eunuchs, and his father Zhu Song was a jinshi. Zhu Xi accepted Confucianism since he was a child, although his family conditions were not poor, he was very frugal, and he often served only meat and vegetables even if he entertained distinguished guests.
Although Zhu Xi seems to be "stingy" in life, he is very willing to spend time and money to travel the mountains and rivers. The poet has served in many places, and everywhere he goes, he will use his leisure time to visit the local famous mountains and rivers and write poems.
For example, everyone is very familiar with "waiting for leisure to know the east wind, thousands of purples and thousands of reds are always spring", and "ask the canal that is as clear as possible, for there is a source of living water" and so on, are the author's famous sentences in the process of enjoying tours and visiting friends, which are not only popular, but also intriguing. The following shares Zhu Xi's expression in the water and the writing of a masterpiece, the text is simple, but full of philosophy.
Wading in the water
The valley splashes small water, and the dangerous stones are carefully passed to recognize the whereabouts.
回头自爱晚晴好，却立滩头数乱峰。
Zhu Xi, whose ancestral home is Wuyuan, Jiangxi, was admitted to the Jinshi at the age of 19, and three years later passed the Quanquan examination, and was awarded the title of the chief secretary of Tong'an County, Quanzhou Prefecture, Fujian, and later served as the prefect of Zhangzhou and Tanzhou. Zhu Xi is also a veteran of the four dynasties of Song Gaozong, Xiaozong, Guangzong, and Ningzong, and is also a master of science after Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi brothers.
Zhu Xi liked to read and study since he was a child, and his annotations to the Confucian classics have always been the only basis for the eight-strand texts in the Ming and Qing dynasties. However, he himself was tired of the eunuch journey, and often submitted his resignation to the imperial court, but was willing to devote his energy to writing books and lecturing.
Zhu Xi loved nature, and when he was an official in Fujian, he often used his leisure time to climb mountains and water. Tiancheng Mountain, formerly known as Shuangji Mountain, is a famous local attraction in Zhangzhou, and has always attracted literati and artists to visit it throughout the ages. This poem was written during the poet's work in Fujian, one day he went on a mountain tour, passed through the deep valley and ravine, and saw the clear spring bubbling, so he wrote the poem and was grateful.
The first sentence introduces the place to visit, "the valley splashes the small water". A stream, crystal clear, flows quickly out of a deep valley. Splashing, describing the turbulent flow of water. Small water refers to a trickle, and it is precisely because of its "smallness" that it appears to be extremely fast relative to the surrounding scenery, and if it is a large river, it is difficult for people to perceive its flow when standing next to it.
The second sentence depicts the poet's actions, "passing through the dangerous stones to recognize his whereabouts". Because of the steep terrain and the difficulty of walking, the poet carefully identified the whereabouts of the tourists in front of him, and then carefully followed the footsteps of others, passing through the cliffs and cliffs, until he settled in a safe place, and finally let go of a hanging heart.
The last two sentences are full of reason, "Looking back and loving yourself is good in the evening, but you stand on the beachhead and count the chaotic peaks." At this time, it was already approaching evening, and the clouds and mist were churning, and the glow was shining, showing a magnificent scene. The poet walked on the wide flat land, stood on the beach again, looked back at the peaks of Tiancheng, and couldn't help but revel in it.
The word "self-love" expresses a sense of pleasure. "Chaotic peaks" describes the rolling and criss-crossing of mountains. The poet is busy with official business on weekdays, and there are too many entertainments, so it is difficult to take time out to travel, and it is rare to have such an opportunity to relax and unwind, and the talented man suddenly feels extremely happy.
Savor this poem carefully, and the reader must have a lot of insights. The author was looking for wonders and exploring the secrets in the valley, and when he encountered a "splash of water", he was a little worried, worried that he would fall into the water and fall into the deep valley. Later, he encountered "dangerous stones", and he felt even more like walking on thin ice, so he had to bite the bullet and carefully "recognize his whereabouts".
When the poet felt that he had no way out, his eyes suddenly became open, which can be described as "another village with bright willows and flowers", and like "The Story of the Peach Blossom Spring", "the beginning is extremely narrow, and only then can people be understood." After dozens of steps, it suddenly became clear. And when the poet was safely freed from the danger, a sense of excitement and surprise swelled up in his heart.
Although the full text is short, it seems to be full of ups and downs, and it is evocative. The same is true of the road of life, only after experiencing various trials in adversity, can we cherish the beauty of a tranquil and leisurely life in a stable environment more.