【Noodle Works: Eight Commandments】
Preface
The dough kneader, also known as the dough molding, when it appeared, it is estimated that no one can say clearly.
【Modern style noodle man】
According to the research of experts, this tomb was unearthed in the fourth year of Yonghui in the Tang Dynasty (that is, 653 AD).
[Noodle Works: Fortune and Treasure]
In the Song Dynasty, noodles were not only fun, but also edible, such as the "Tokyo Menghualu" written in the Southern Song Dynasty, which has a record of kneading noodles: made of oil flour molasses like a smile.
At that time, the noodle people were also called "fruit food", which could be played and eaten. How many of the following faces can you remember?
【A dazzling array of faces】
1. Beijing Noodle Lang: 360 lines vividly displayed
The folk noodle art of Beijing Noodle Man Lang was created by Lang Shao'an.
In his early years, Lang Shao'an studied art with Zhao Kuoming, the "King of Noodle People", and then slowly formed his own style of dough sculpture art: "eyes are clear and hands are fast"; he can see accurately and hold steadily; the subject matter is ever-changing, and he often comes up with new ones.
[Noodle Works: Selling Hairpin Flowers]
The materials of Peking Noodle Lang come from four types: animals, myths and legends, historical stories, and characters from local operas. The basic form is divided into two types: "signing type" and "case placement type".
- The signing style is mostly a food and entertainment item for children, with a simple shape and a vivid form.
- In order to preserve for a long time, it is anti-cracking, insect-proof, and mildew-proof, so it also needs to be mixed with additives in the raw materials - this also has unique skills.
[Noodle Works: Selling Window Flowers]
The art of Noodle Man Lang has a wide range of themes, focusing on the expression of real life, and has vivid reflections on the situation of 360 lines and various old Beijing folk customs.
Seeing this, you should understand that the things of Beijing Noodle Renlang are actually works, not food, so forget to eat them for the time being, and you can taste more exquisite and ingenious dough molding techniques.
In June 2008, Beijing Noodle Lang was included in the national list of intangible cultural heritage.
[Noodle work: Please God of Wealth]
2. Shanghai Noodle Zhao: Originated from the northern skills
It is undeniable that the art of Shanghai noodles is inseparable from Zhao Kuoming, and Zhao Kuoming, in fact, refers to Zhao Kuoming, whether it is a person in the south or the north, in fact, it is inseparable from Zhao Kuoming, the "king of noodles".
Zhao Kuoming is a native of Beijing, since elementary school Peking opera, also pulled a rickshaw, at the age of 19 began to learn to knead noodles, at the age of 25 he was able to be as famous as the noodle man Tang (Tang Zibo) in Dongcheng, Beijing, at the age of 32, he was already known as the "noodle king".
[Noodle Works: Buy Fireworks]
However, Zhao Kuoming did not stop, in 1938 he came to Shanghai, worshiped the old artist Pan Shubi as a teacher, the skills were more exquisite, and the first "not cracked, not moth, not old" noodle people, so that the art of noodle people in Shanghai also carried forward.
Therefore, the artworks of Shanghai noodle Zhao can learn from others' strengths, not stick to the established program, on the basis of inheriting the essence of traditional noodle sculpture in the north, and through the baptism of Jiangnan culture, gradually formed a delicate, beautiful and flexible artistic style.
【Noodle Works: Selling Lanterns】
In addition, a big difference from the people of the north is that Zhao and his descendants have also created a large number of works on the theme of modern life, such as "The Legend of the White Snake" and "Liang Zhu" with traditional themes, as well as works closer to modern life such as "National Unity" and "The Great Wall of Friendship".
【Noodle Works】
However, the Shanghai-style noodle sculpture represented by the noodle man Zhao is now a little difficult: the aging of artists is very serious, and many key experiences and skills need to be inherited.
In June 2008, Zhao was included in the national list of intangible cultural heritage.
【Noodle Works】
3. Caozhou noodle people: This is the general source
Caozhou noodle people originated in Caozhou (now Heze City, Shandong Province), compared with the noodle people in Beijing and Shanghai, Caozhou noodle people appeared relatively earlier, at least 150 years of history, at the beginning by Hao Sheng, Yang Baisi and other folk artists created and slowly spread.
【Caozhou Noodle People】
After six generations of noodle craftsmen have been inherited and developed, Caozhou noodle people have gradually gotten rid of the function of being used as a "flower offering" for folk gods in the early days, and have begun to become an ornamental and collectible folk handicraft.
The biggest characteristics of Caozhou noodles are: strong local flavor, generalized, concise and vivid, slightly exaggerated but appropriate - grasp the degree.
【Caozhou Noodle People】
To be precise, in the early 20th century, the Li School in Shandong, the Zhao School in Shanghai, the Tang School and the Lang School in Beijing were all influenced by the Caozhou noodle people.
Due to the fact that several Caozhou noodle masters have gone abroad many times to perform and pass on their arts, Caozhou noodle people have become more and more loved by people in Southeast Asia, Europe and the United States and other regions.
In June 2008, Caozhou Noodle Zhao was included in the national intangible cultural heritage list.
【Caozhou Noodle People】
Fourth, Caoxian Jiangmi people: use mixed raw materials
In fact, Cao County and Cao Zhou are actually the same area, and they are called differently in different historical periods.
But one of the biggest differences between the Jiangmi people of Caoxian County and the people of Caozhou is that the materials are different.
Caoxian Jiangmi people take an appropriate amount of Jiangmi noodles and wheat noodles and mix them well, and the mixing ratio of the two is about 1:2, and then they have to go through the processes of hot noodles, plate noodles, and color mixing before creating.
【Caoxian Jiangmi people】
However, there are many similarities with the Caozhou noodle people, especially the original use: sacrifice.
The Jiangmi people of Caoxian County are also the traditional skills produced by the sacrificial folk customs, and the initial themes are mostly auspicious birds and beasts, fairy flowers and herbs, mythological characters and so on.
In June 2008, the Jiangmi people of Cao County were included in the national list of intangible cultural heritage.
【Caoxian Jiangmi people】
However, the Jiangmi people of Cao County have also faced the situation of "difficult inheritance and lack of succession", so Cao County has set up the "Cao County Jiangmi People" intangible cultural heritage inheritance point based on the Rural Memory Museum, and holds free training courses for the public every year, hoping to continue to pass on these arts.
【Caoxian Jiangmi people】
epilogue
In the early years, noodle artists often walked the streets and alleys every day and often improvised creations, so they not only mastered the skillful shaping skills, but also became familiar with the theme, modeling, and color matching.
They are also very familiar with real life and the state of all social strata, and can almost vividly reflect the situation of the 360 lines, various local folk customs, and folk customs through face-to-face people, and it is too difficult to do this now.
[The noodle works with a strong sense of the times make people stunned]