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With more and more breakthroughs in scientific and technological achievements, China has gradually moved towards a "scientific and technological power".
The brilliant achievements made by China in the development of science and technology are enough to make every Chinese son and daughter proud. At the same time, however, we also need to face up to the gap between the mainland's scientific and technological development and that of the developed countries in the West.
Because of the gap in the field of top-notch scientific and technological research and development, the mainland is still facing the technological monopoly of Western countries in many scientific research and technologies.
According to a report by Science and Technology Daily, in the future, China only needs to break through five major areas of technology to break the technological monopoly of Western countries.
So which are the five major technologies that our country urgently needs to make breakthroughs?
5G chip manufacturing
For a long time, 5G chip manufacturing has been a major area in the mainland that has been affected by Western technology monopolies.
Although China's Huawei has launched 5G chips as early as 2019, after Huawei launched 5G chips, the United States has successively imposed technical blockades and trade sanctions on Huawei, which has seriously restricted the further development of China's 5G chip manufacturing.
With the rapid development of global information technology, 5G technology has become an important symbol of scientific and technological progress in today's era.
In this context, the manufacturing of 5G chips is of great significance to the development of the country, especially for the mainland, which is a rapidly rising science and technology power.
At present, the mainland is in a critical period of economic restructuring and upgrading, and the traditional manufacturing industry is changing to high-end and intelligent.
The manufacturing of 5G chips not only promotes the development of related industrial chains, but also drives the innovation of downstream application industries.
For example, the development of emerging industries such as the Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data, and artificial intelligence has provided new growth points for the mainland's economy and helped to achieve sustainable economic development.
At the same time, mastering the core technology of 5G chip manufacturing means that the mainland's voice and influence in the global information and communication technology field will be significantly improved.
More importantly, the manufacture of more advanced domestic 5G chips will help reduce dependence on foreign technology and no longer be monopolized by other countries' technologies.
Although the technological blockade and monopoly of the United States have had a great impact on the development of the mainland's 5G chip industry, the mainland's 5G industry has still achieved good results under heavy pressure.
In 2023, Huawei launched the latest generation of chips, the Kirin 9000s, marking that the mainland's 5G chip manufacturing has broken through the technological blockade of Western countries to a certain extent.
However, at present, in the field of high-end 5G chips, there is still a certain gap between the mainland and Western countries.
In the future, what the mainland needs to do is to continue to increase investment in 5G chip research and development, strengthen the integration of the 5G chip industry chain, and form industrial clusters, so as to enhance independent innovation capabilities and achieve breakthroughs in high-end 5G chip manufacturing.
As long as these are achieved, it is believed that the mainland will be able to make a breakthrough in the manufacture of high-end 5G chips in the future, and completely break the technological monopoly of Western countries.
Lithography machine
The technology of lithography machine is closely related to the manufacture of high-end chips. The reason why the mainland has not been able to make a breakthrough in the field of high-end chip manufacturing has a lot to do with the shortcomings in the manufacture of lithography machines.
For a long time, the manufacturing technology of lithography machines has been in the hands of countries such as the United States, the Netherlands and Japan, and these countries have also been monopolizing technology with foreign countries.
Lithography machine is not only a key equipment for semiconductor manufacturing, but also determines the accuracy and integration of semiconductor devices. In a way, lithography machines are a key factor in the advancement of semiconductor technology.
The light sources used in lithography machines require extremely high precision, especially deep ultraviolet (DUV) and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light sources. The shorter the wavelength of these light sources, the higher the resolution of the lithography, enabling finer circuit pattern etching.
However, at present, the mainland is still facing great challenges in the research and development of EUV light sources, and the problems of stability, power and life of the light sources need to be solved.
However, with the emergence of a number of excellent lithography machine enterprises in the mainland, it is believed that it is only a matter of time before the mainland makes a breakthrough in lithography machine technology in the future.
Tactile sensors
The tactile sensor looks so ordinary that it's only the size of our little finger cap. But it's such a small sensor, but I don't know how many heroes have been stumped.
As a device that is widely used in robotics, medical diagnosis, prosthetic control and other fields, the manufacturing of tactile sensors involves multidisciplinary interdisciplinarity.
This requires the R&D team to have a wide range of professional knowledge and practical experience, and be able to comprehensively use various technical means to solve problems. This interdisciplinary need makes it technically difficult to manufacture sensors.
And as a delicate device, tactile sensors require high-precision manufacturing and calibration processes. In order to ensure that a sensor can accurately sense and measure a wide range of tactile information, the sensing elements and circuitry inside it must be precisely machined and calibrated.
This requires the use of advanced manufacturing technology and sophisticated measuring equipment, as well as professional technicians for operation and commissioning.
In addition, the choice of material for the tactile sensor is also a challenge. Sensors require materials that are both flexible and durable to ensure stable performance over long periods of use.
At present, only the United States and Japan in the world have solved these technical difficulties and are able to manufacture tactile sensors that meet the requirements. Therefore, if the mainland wants to avoid a technological monopoly in the future, it needs to achieve a technological breakthrough in the research and development of tactile sensors as soon as possible.
High-end CNC machine tools
High-end CNC machine tools are indispensable and important equipment in modern manufacturing, and they play a pivotal role in industrial production, scientific research experiments and technological innovation.
However, due to many factors, China's development in the machine tool industry started late, especially in the field of high-end CNC machine tools, there are still many deficiencies.
At present, the output and scale of machine tool manufacturing in the mainland are ranked first in the world. However, the machine tool manufacturing in the mainland is mainly concentrated in the field of low-end machine tools, which can only meet the daily civilian needs.
In the manufacture of high-end machine tools, the CNC rate of machine tools in mainland China is only less than 50%. In contrast, Japan, which is adjacent to the mainland, has a CNC rate of up to 80% of its machine tools.
Don't underestimate the difference between CNC machine tools and ordinary machine tools because there is only a difference in the name.
High-end CNC machine tools are essential for the development of a country's manufacturing industry. It can not only provide strong support for the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry, but also enhance the market competitiveness of manufacturing products.
Therefore, if "Made in China" wants to truly transform into "Made in China", the mainland must catch up in the field of high-end CNC machine tools as soon as possible.
operating system
As for what an operating system is, everyone may not have a clear understanding.
The main task of the operating system is to manage the hardware and software resources of the computer, ensure that they are reasonably allocated and used, and at the same time provide users with a stable and efficient computing environment.
With the development of information technology in the future, the operating system will play an increasingly important role. The mainstream operating systems in the world today mainly include MacOS, Windows, Linux and Huawei's Hongmeng system in mainland China.
However, compared with the first three systems, Huawei's HarmonyOS technology is not yet mature, and it cannot be fully applied to ordinary computers, let alone other delicate fields.
In contrast, the Windows system, developed by Microsoft in the United States, has a history of decades and has a very high degree of technical maturity.
This undoubtedly reflects the mainland's shortcomings in the research and development of operating systems, and if it wants to truly realize the localization of electronic computer operating systems, the mainland still has a long way to go in the future.
However, although there is still a certain gap between the mainland and Western countries in some cutting-edge science and technology fields, we also need to see the development potential of China's science and technology.
Since the announcement of 35 key technologies by Science and Technology Daily in 2018, the mainland has overcome 21 of them in just six years.
Therefore, we have reason to believe that in the future, it will only be a matter of time before the mainland overcomes the technical problems in the above five fields and completely breaks the technological monopoly of Western countries.
Resources:
[1] "With the help of the huge domestic market, Chinese chips have the confidence to break through the "US-Japan-Netherlands blockade"!" - CCTV
[2] "5G small base station chips, how long will domestic ones have to chase?" - surging news