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Yao Bin is a courier who lives a monotonous and busy life every day. Although the diploma is low, but the mind is flexible, the nearby express package is all inclusive, and begins to live in the wind and rain every day. It was rainy in summer, and Yao Bin was soaked all over his body because he couldn't avoid it in time on the way to deliver the express, but because he had to deduct money for overtime, he continued to deliver food despite the heavy rain. It was his operation that caused him to catch a cold that day.
Yao Bin woke up the next day to find that his muscles were sore, his throat was severe and dry and itchy, it was difficult to even drink water, his head was dizzy, and his body temperature was as high as 38.9 degrees, so he immediately went to a nearby clinic to hang water. After the doctor's examination, he told him that it was acute tonsillitis and prescribed oral anti-inflammatory drugs to Yao Bin. After that, it is necessary to pay attention to a light diet and avoid irritating foods. After taking medicine for three days, Yao Bin felt that the cold was much better, so he worked actively.
In December 2012, Yao Bin found that his feet seemed to have become bigger, and the shoes that used to be the right size were now smaller, and he carefully examined his lower limbs and found that there were socks. But he didn't think much about it, he needed to run around during the day to work, and it was normal for the lower limbs to have poor circulation, so he raised his lower limbs when he slept at night, and his legs were not swollen the next day.
However, the good times did not last long, Yao Bin found that his head was not only getting more and more dizzy, but also walking more and more difficult, and when he opened his trouser legs, he saw that his lower limbs were swollen like two white radish, and it was a pit when he pressed it, and it did not disappear. He felt something was wrong and immediately went to the hospital. When he went to the hospital for an examination, he found that his blood pressure was 160/77mmHg, and the doctor told him that this was because high blood pressure was caused by edema, and due to excessive water in the body, the blood volume increased and the heart ejected blood increased, resulting in high blood pressure.
In Yao Bin's case, to lower blood pressure, it is necessary to drain excess water from the body, and then the doctor prescribes diuretics to Yao Bin. Diuretics are a type of antihypertensive medication. Because blood volume is one of the important factors in maintaining blood pressure, through the increase in urine output, it causes a decrease in blood volume, which leads to a drop in blood pressure.
The doctor told the kidneys that they had too much water in their bodies and that there was something wrong with their kidney function. suggested that he check his kidney function, Yao Bin felt strange, but he still listened to the doctor's words and obediently went to have blood drawn. In the afternoon of the same day, after Yao Bin saw his report on his mobile phone, he felt that the doctor was really alarmist! Because his kidney function was normal!
Diuretics work quickly, and by urinating more often, excess water in the body decreases, and the symptoms of edema disappear a lot in just two days, and the head is no longer dizzy. Yao Bin felt that diuretics were very useful, and the effect of taking one pill was great, but whenever edema appeared in the future, he would self-take diuretics and not go for a follow-up. Because he thinks that doctors will sell anxiety, and always check this and that after going to the hospital, they will not deal with it the same way.
In this way, Yao Bin took diuretics for 7 years. On July 12, 2019, Yao Bin found that he was always tired and had backache, and he couldn't lift his spirits when he worked, and his face was dark. But within a few days, he found that not only did his symptoms not improve, but he also had less urine!
Nervous to the hospital, while waiting for the results, Yao Bin fidgeted. The results came out, and God seemed to be playing a joke with him for a day. His blood creatinine was as high as 685 and his glomerular filtration rate was only 29. Under ultrasound, both kidneys atrophied and the cortex became thinner. Diagnosed with renal failure.
Chronic renal insufficiency is divided into four stages. Kidney failure is stage III. At this time, the kidneys are irreversible, and over time, they will enter the fourth stage of uremia. Almost complete loss of kidney function during the uremia period, inability to maintain normal water electrolytes, and the elimination of toxins from the body, it is necessary to consider the replacement treatment of the kidneys, and there are currently two methods, one is kidney replacement, and the other is dialysis.
A kidney replacement can rebuild the normal function of the kidneys. Dialysis can remove toxins from the body and maintain electrolyte balance, but it cannot completely cure kidney disease, and the filtration effect is only 1% of that of human kidneys. Because the kidney source is small, and it needs to be matched and matched, dialysis is mostly used in clinical practice. There are two main types of dialysis.
The first is hemodialysis, referred to as hemodialysis, which is also called artificial kidney and dialysis in popular terms, which is a kind of blood purification technology. Using the principle of semi-permeable membrane, through diffusion, convection of various harmful and excess metabolic wastes and excessive electrolytes out of the body, to achieve the purpose of purifying the blood, and to achieve the purpose of correcting the water, electrolytes and acid-base balance.
The second is peritoneal dialysis. Peritoneal dialysis uses the peritoneum as a semi-permeable membrane, and uses gravity to inject the prepared dialysate into the patient's peritoneal cavity through the catheter, and the dialysate is continuously replaced after the peritoneal dialysate, so as to achieve the purpose of removing metabolites and toxic substances in the body and correcting the imbalance of water and electrolytes.
Hearing this bad news, Yao Bin couldn't accept that he had kidney failure when he was still young, and his kidney function was normal seven years ago, and he seriously suspected that it was the reason for taking blood pressure medicine for seven years, could it be that the doctor prescribed the wrong medicine!
Before the occurrence of acute nephritis, there are often upper respiratory tract infections, among which the most common bacteria that cause nephritis are streptococcal infections, especially pharyngeal streptococcal infections, streptococcal sensations can induce the body's immune response, and the common clinical symptoms of nephritis are hematuria, proteinuria, hypertension, and edema.
Hematuria is the most common symptom of acute nephritis, and most of the urine is macroscopic hematuria, which is visible to the naked eye and the urine is flesh-like or blood-colored. Because the glomerular filtration barrier is damaged, red blood cells can change their shape through the glomerular filtration membrane, and a large number of red blood cells appear in the blood, and only 1 ml of blood in the urine can cause gross hematuria.
Proteinuria, because the protein is in the urine, a large amount of foam will appear after urinating, and it will not disperse for a long time, so it is also called foamy urine. Long-term loss of protein, leading to long-term malnutrition and a decrease in the amount of total protein in the body. In addition, proteinuria will increase the burden on the glomeruli, leading to glomerulosclerosis, tissue edema and other problems. Massive proteinuria may also lead to hypoproteinemia and hyperlipidemia, which can endanger personal health.
Long-term use of diuretics can lead to an imbalance in water and electrolytes and exacerbate the decline in kidney function. Yao Bin had these two symptoms, but he did not pay attention to them, and the low-level mistake of using diuretics for a long time changed from acute nephritis to chronic nephritis without good rest and treatment during his illness.
The main purpose of the treatment of chronic nephritis is to protect the remaining nephrons, delay the development of the disease, and the course of the disease lasts for a long time. Choose a high-quality protein diet, such as fish, eggs, etc., to reduce the burden of kidney detoxification;
Sodium salt should also be restricted, too much sodium intake is easy to cause sodium edema, and then cause hypertension, so that high blood pressure is not well controlled, it will further increase the burden on the kidneys, cause kidney disease to gradually worsen, low-salt diet on the one hand is good for urine protein control. Patients with chronic nephritis should pay attention to eating more vegetables and fruits, and do not eat spicy, irritating, fried, and greasy foods.
The occurrence of acute nephritis is closely related to respiratory tract infection, in daily life, we must pay attention to keeping warm and strengthening personal hygiene and other methods to prevent upper respiratory tract infection, usually maintain a good attitude, keep exercising, and improve our ability to resist disease risks. A cold is not a trivial matter, and after the occurrence of cold, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, you should seek medical attention in time.